<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></title><description><![CDATA[Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan sát thị trường. Suy ngẫm về tiền bạc.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png</url><title>Macro View Journal</title><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 16:19:16 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[macroviewjournal@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[macroviewjournal@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[macroviewjournal@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[macroviewjournal@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[What Does This Fed Pause Tell Us About the U.S. Economy?]]></title><description><![CDATA[What this week's interest rate decision may reveal about inflation, market expectations, and the U.S. economy.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-does-this-fed-pause-tell-us</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-does-this-fed-pause-tell-us</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2026 02:29:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg" width="1041" height="694" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UJqi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2e4920f-1ed1-42fc-a842-93659e559c57_1041x694.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Fed Governor Kevin Warsh speaks to the press after the meeting. Source: CNN.</figcaption></figure></div><p>On July 29, the <strong>Federal Reserve (Fed)</strong> decided to leave its policy interest rate unchanged at <strong>3.50%&#8211;3.75%</strong>, marking the fifth consecutive meeting without a rate change.</p><p>At first glance, the decision seemed uneventful.</p><p>Many headlines simply read:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;The Fed Holds Interest Rates Steady.&#8221;</strong></p></blockquote><p>But financial markets reacted differently.</p><p>Because the most important part of this meeting was not the decision itself.</p><p>It was the message behind the decision.</p><h2>1. The Fed Held Rates Steady, But Consensus Is Beginning to Crack</h2><p>Federal Reserve decisions are often supported by broad agreement among policymakers.</p><p>This meeting was different.</p><p>The <strong>Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)</strong> voted <strong>9&#8211;3</strong> to keep interest rates unchanged.</p><p>More importantly, <strong>three members dissented</strong>, arguing that rates should have been increased by another <strong>25 basis points</strong>.</p><p>Their concern was straightforward.</p><p>Although inflation has fallen significantly from its peak, the <strong>Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index</strong>&#8212;the Fed&#8217;s preferred inflation measure&#8212;was still running at approximately <strong>3.7%</strong> in June, well above the Fed&#8217;s long-term target of <strong>2%</strong>.</p><p>In other words, the fight against inflation may not be over yet.</p><h2>2. Why Didn&#8217;t the Fed Raise Rates?</h2><p>If inflation remains above target, why didn&#8217;t the Fed tighten policy further?</p><p>The answer lies in one of the most important characteristics of monetary policy:</p><p><strong>it works with a delay.</strong></p><p>Changes in interest rates do not affect the economy overnight.</p><p>It often takes months before higher borrowing costs influence:</p><ul><li><p>Consumer spending,</p></li><li><p>Business investment,</p></li><li><p>Employment,</p></li><li><p>And eventually,</p></li><li><p>Inflation itself.</p></li></ul><p>That means the Fed is not only looking at today&#8217;s data.</p><p>It is also evaluating whether the cumulative effects of previous rate increases are sufficient to bring inflation back under control.</p><p>Holding rates steady, therefore, does not necessarily mean the Fed is satisfied.</p><p>It may simply reflect the need for more economic data before making the next move.</p><h2>3. What Was the Market Actually Reading?</h2><p>Immediately after the announcement, gold prices reversed sharply.</p><p>Long-term U.S. Treasury yields moved higher, with the <strong>30-year Treasury yield</strong> reaching its highest level in nearly two decades.</p><p>The yield curve also became steeper.</p><p>These market reactions were not driven simply by the fact that the Fed left rates unchanged.</p><p>They reflected a different question:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Is this the end of the tightening cycle, or merely a pause before another rate hike?</strong></p></blockquote><p>Markets do not price today&#8217;s decision.</p><p>They price tomorrow&#8217;s expectations.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e2da3279-50ec-49c3-bac1-a52a1d90b488&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.411Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>4. What Could This Mean for Investors?</h2><p>If interest rates remain elevated for an extended period, the effects will extend well beyond the United States.</p><h3>Businesses</h3><p>Higher borrowing costs continue to make expansion and investment more expensive, particularly for highly leveraged companies.</p><h3>Stock Markets</h3><p>Higher interest rates generally reduce the present value of future earnings.</p><p>As a result, growth stocks often face greater valuation pressure, while companies with stable cash flows tend to become relatively more attractive.</p><h3>Gold</h3><p>Higher interest rates usually increase the opportunity cost of holding gold, which does not generate income.</p><p>However, if investors begin to worry that inflation could remain persistent&#8212;or that the Fed may struggle to bring it back to target&#8212;gold may continue to attract demand as a safe-haven asset.</p><h3>The Global Economy</h3><p>The U.S. dollar remains the world&#8217;s primary reserve currency.</p><p>As long as U.S. interest rates stay elevated, global borrowing costs in dollars remain higher, capital tends to flow toward U.S. assets,</p><p>and many emerging economies may face additional pressure on their currencies and financial conditions.</p><p>That is why every Fed meeting is watched not only in Washington, but across the entire world.</p><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>Many people believe the most important question after every Federal Reserve meeting is simple:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Did the Fed raise rates or cut them?</strong></p></blockquote><p>This meeting suggests a different perspective.</p><p>Inflation remains above the Fed&#8217;s target.</p><p>Policymakers themselves are no longer completely aligned on what should happen next.</p><p>Meanwhile, markets are trying to answer a much bigger question:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Was this the end of the tightening cycle... or simply a pause before the next move?</strong></p></blockquote><p>Perhaps that is why the most important takeaway from this meeting is not today&#8217;s interest rate.</p><p>It is what the decision may reveal about the Fed&#8217;s assessment of the U.S. economy in the months ahead.</p><p>And that is exactly what financial markets are trying to understand.</p><div><hr></div><h2>A Macro View</h2><p><em>Financial markets are not just collections of assets. They are a system of relationships.</em></p><ul><li><p><strong>Money</strong> connects the system.</p></li><li><p><strong>Gold</strong> reflects trust.</p></li><li><p><strong>Stocks</strong> reflect human productivity.</p></li><li><p><strong>Bonds</strong> reflect the value of time.</p></li></ul><p><em>Understanding each asset individually is useful.</em></p><p><strong>Understanding how they fit together is what macroeconomics is really about.</strong></p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1a15cece-185c-4d1b-859a-3236bafb6dd3&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Why Does the Entire World Use the U.S. Dollar?&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The U.S. Dollar: The World&#8217;s Reserve Currency&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-18T02:48:17.334Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-us-dollar-the-worlds-reserve&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:207506377,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h2><strong>L&#7847;n gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t n&#224;y n&#243;i g&#236; v&#7873; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; M&#7929;?</strong></h2><p>Ng&#224;y 29/07, C&#7909;c D&#7921; tr&#7919; Li&#234;n bang Hoa K&#7923; (Federal Reserve &#8211; FED) quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh &#7903; m&#7913;c 3,50%&#8211;3,75%. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#7847;n th&#7913; n&#259;m li&#234;n ti&#7871;p l&#227;i su&#7845;t kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y, nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; ngh&#297;:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;Kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236; m&#7899;i.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh l&#7841;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng theo m&#7897;t c&#225;ch kh&#225;c.</p><p>B&#7903;i &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; vi&#7879;c FED gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u m&#224; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#243; g&#7917;i &#273;&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><h2>1. FED gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t, nh&#432;ng n&#7897;i b&#7897; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n</h2><p>Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, c&#225;c quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a FED th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n r&#7845;t cao.</p><p>L&#7847;n n&#224;y th&#236; kh&#225;c.</p><p>&#7910;y ban Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng M&#7903; Li&#234;n bang (Federal Open Market Committee &#8211; FOMC) b&#7887; phi&#7871;u 9&#8211;3 &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t. Ba th&#224;nh vi&#234;n ph&#7843;n &#273;&#7889;i &#273;&#7873;u cho r&#7857;ng FED n&#234;n t&#259;ng th&#234;m 0,25 &#273;i&#7875;m ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m ngay trong cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p n&#224;y. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/feds-hammack-says-tighter-monetary-policy-needed-cool-inflation-2026-07-31/?utm_source=chatgpt.com">Reuters</a></p><p>L&#253; do c&#7911;a h&#7885; kh&#225; r&#245; r&#224;ng.</p><p>M&#7863;c d&#249; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#273;&#227; h&#7841; nhi&#7879;t so v&#7899;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7881;nh &#273;i&#7875;m, nh&#432;ng Ch&#7881; s&#7889; gi&#225; chi ti&#234;u ti&#234;u d&#249;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n (Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index &#8211; PCE) trong th&#225;ng 6 v&#7851;n t&#259;ng kho&#7843;ng 3,7%, cao g&#7847;n g&#7845;p &#273;&#244;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u 2%c&#7911;a FED. <a href="https://www.reuters.com/business/feds-hammack-says-tighter-monetary-policy-needed-cool-inflation-2026-07-31/?utm_source=chatgpt.com">Reuters</a></p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t th&#7921;c t&#7871; quan tr&#7885;ng:</p><p>Cu&#7897;c chi&#7871;n ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#7851;n ch&#432;a k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><h2>2. V&#236; sao FED v&#7851;n ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7913;ng y&#234;n?</h2><p>N&#7871;u l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#7851;n cao h&#417;n m&#7909;c ti&#234;u, t&#7841;i sao FED kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t?</p><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i n&#7857;m &#7903; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;:</p><p>N&#243; lu&#244;n c&#243; &#273;&#7897; tr&#7877;.</p><p>M&#7895;i l&#7847;n FED thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t, ph&#7843;i m&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u th&#225;ng &#273;&#7875; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng lan t&#7899;i:</p><ul><li><p>Chi ph&#237; vay v&#7889;n;</p></li><li><p>Ti&#234;u d&#249;ng;</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7847;u t&#432;;</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; FED kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o d&#7919; li&#7879;u c&#7911;a h&#244;m nay.</p><p>H&#7885; &#273;ang c&#7889; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; xem nh&#7919;ng l&#7847;n t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a l&#7841;m ph&#225;t tr&#7903; v&#7873; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u hay ch&#432;a.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c,</p><p>quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#8220;gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n&#8221; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c FED h&#224;i l&#242;ng.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh r&#7857;ng FED &#273;ang c&#7847;n th&#234;m d&#7919; li&#7879;u tr&#432;&#7899;c khi th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i ti&#7871;p theo.</p><h2>3. &#272;i&#7873;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921; &#273;ang theo d&#245;i</h2><p>Sau cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p, gi&#225; v&#224;ng &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u.</p><p>L&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Hoa K&#7923; k&#7923; h&#7841;n d&#224;i t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh, trong &#273;&#243; l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u 30 n&#259;m l&#234;n m&#7913;c cao nh&#7845;t trong g&#7847;n 19 n&#259;m. &#272;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t c&#361;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n d&#7889;c h&#417;n. </p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a FED.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i k&#7923; v&#7885;ng.</p><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7921; h&#7887;i:</p><blockquote><p>Li&#7879;u FED &#273;ang t&#7841;m d&#7915;ng... hay ch&#7881; &#273;ang tr&#236; ho&#227;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#7907;t t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t m&#7899;i?</p></blockquote><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do d&#249; l&#227;i su&#7845;t kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;8abb15e6-7ce4-4c49-b49f-35a7e7523be5&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Every investor needs more than the courage to move forward.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Spear, The Shield, and The Compass&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-12T03:16:54.358Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-spear-the-shield-and-the-compass&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:206652113,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:1,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>4. Quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?</h2><p>N&#7871;u FED ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c duy tr&#236; l&#227;i su&#7845;t &#7903; v&#249;ng cao trong th&#7901;i gian d&#224;i, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7869; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;.</p><p><strong>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></p><p>Chi ph&#237; vay v&#7889;n s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#7903; m&#7913;c cao.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y t&#224;i ch&#237;nh s&#7869; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#7899;n h&#417;n trong vi&#7879;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p><strong>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n</strong></p><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t cao khi&#7871;n d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai b&#7883; chi&#7871;t kh&#7845;u m&#7841;nh h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7841;o &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n c&#225;c c&#7893; phi&#7871;u t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng, trong khi c&#225;c doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#243; d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng ch&#7889;ng ch&#7883;u t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p><p><strong>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i v&#224;ng</strong></p><p>Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao l&#224;m t&#259;ng chi ph&#237; c&#417; h&#7897;i c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c n&#7855;m gi&#7919; v&#224;ng.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, n&#7871;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lo ng&#7841;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t s&#7869; k&#233;o d&#224;i ho&#7863;c ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#7841;m ph&#225;t suy gi&#7843;m, v&#224;ng v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#432; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n tr&#250; &#7849;n.</p><p>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i</p><p>&#272;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la M&#7929; v&#7851;n l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, vi&#7879;c duy tr&#236; l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n:</p><ul><li><p>Chi ph&#237; vay b&#7857;ng USD ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c cao;</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng v&#7889;n c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng quay v&#7873; M&#7929;;</p></li><li><p>&#193;p l&#7921;c t&#7927; gi&#225; gia t&#259;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; m&#7899;i n&#7893;i.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do m&#7895;i cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p c&#7911;a FED lu&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c theo d&#245;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#7903; Washington, m&#224; tr&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p><h2>K&#7871;t</h2><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297; &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t sau m&#7895;i cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p c&#7911;a FED l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m.</p></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng l&#7847;n n&#224;y,</p><p>quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t l&#7841;i cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p kh&#225;c.</p><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#7851;n ch&#432;a tr&#7903; v&#7873; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u.</p><p>Ngay trong n&#7897;i b&#7897; FED c&#361;ng &#273;&#227; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nh&#7919;ng quan &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c nhau v&#7873; b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i ti&#7871;p theo.</p><p>Trong khi &#273;&#243;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n &#273;ang c&#7889; gi&#7843;i m&#227;:</p><p>Li&#7879;u &#273;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m k&#7871;t th&#250;c c&#7911;a chu k&#7923; th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t, hay ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng d&#7915;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i ti&#7871;p theo?</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng quan t&#226;m nh&#7845;t sau cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; l&#227;i su&#7845;t h&#244;m nay.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; ni&#7873;m tin c&#7911;a FED v&#224;o n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; M&#7929; trong nh&#7919;ng th&#225;ng t&#7899;i.</p><p>&#272;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang c&#7889; g&#7855;ng &#273;&#7885;c.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;3bc8f353-e9cf-40c5-93ed-636eca8827f8&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;540e26df-8d5a-45fb-8c7c-ba5894d2876a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-23T02:15:00.387Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198915652,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The U.S. Dollar: The World’s Reserve Currency]]></title><description><![CDATA[Why Does the Entire World Use the U.S.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-us-dollar-the-worlds-reserve</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-us-dollar-the-worlds-reserve</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2026 02:48:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2058636,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/207506377?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JQNE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c8338d7-70b9-487c-8e04-8dba216791f2_5184x3456.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>Why Does the Entire World Use the U.S. Dollar?</h2><p>There is something rather unusual about the global economy.</p><p>Most of us do not live in the United States.</p><p>We are not paid in U.S. dollars.</p><p>We do not pay taxes to the U.S. government.</p><p>Yet whenever people talk about:</p><ul><li><p>Oil prices,</p></li><li><p>Gold prices,</p></li><li><p>International trade,</p></li><li><p>Foreign exchange reserves,</p></li><li><p>Or financial crises,</p></li></ul><p>one currency always appears at the center of the conversation.</p><p>The <strong>U.S. Dollar (USD).</strong></p><p>Why does the world rely on the currency of a single nation?</p><p>To answer that question, we have to go back nearly a century.</p><h1>1. Before the Dollar, There Was Never Just One Global Currency</h1><p>For centuries, the world did not operate under a single dominant currency.</p><p>The Dutch florin, the British pound, and various gold and silver coins all played important roles during different periods of history.</p><p>By the late nineteenth century, the <strong>British Pound Sterling</strong> had become the world&#8217;s leading international currency, supported by the British Empire&#8217;s vast trade network and the global gold standard.</p><p>Then came two World Wars.</p><p>Europe was devastated.</p><p>The United States, however, emerged as the world&#8217;s largest economy and held most of the world&#8217;s monetary gold.</p><p>A new international monetary order was about to begin.</p><h1>2. Bretton Woods Changed the Global Financial System</h1><p>In 1944, as World War II was nearing its end, representatives from 44 countries gathered in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to design a new international monetary system.</p><p>The agreement was remarkably simple.</p><p>The U.S. dollar would be convertible into gold at <strong>35 dollars per ounce</strong>.</p><p>Every other participating currency would then be pegged to the U.S. dollar.</p><p>For the first time in history, a national currency became the center of the global monetary system.</p><p>The dollar became the bridge between gold and the rest of the world.</p><h1>3. Why Didn&#8217;t the World Abandon the Dollar After Leaving Gold?</h1><p>In 1971, President Richard Nixon suspended the convertibility of the U.S. dollar into gold.</p><p>The event, now known as the <strong>Nixon Shock</strong>, effectively ended the Bretton Woods system and marked the beginning of today&#8217;s fiat money era.</p><p>At first glance, this seemed like the moment when the dollar should have lost its dominance.</p><p>Instead, the opposite happened.</p><p>The U.S. dollar remained the world&#8217;s primary reserve currency.</p><p>This time, however, its strength no longer depended on gold.</p><p>It depended on something far more powerful:</p><ul><li><p>The size of the U.S. economy,</p></li><li><p>The depth of its financial markets,</p></li><li><p>The liquidity of U.S. Treasury securities,</p></li><li><p>Confidence in American institutions,</p></li><li><p>And perhaps most importantly, the <strong>network effect</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>Once most of the world is already using the same currency, continuing to use it becomes the easiest and most efficient choice.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9dd43d9a-f5a3-486f-9dad-1da3128e3ced&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Money Is Not Wealth. It Is One of Humanity&#8217;s Greatest Inventions.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What Is Money?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-04T02:28:47.853Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-is-money&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:205001106,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1>4. The Dollar Is No Longer Just America&#8217;s Currency</h1><p>Today, the U.S. dollar extends far beyond the borders of the United States.</p><p>It is widely used to:</p><ul><li><p>Price global commodities,</p></li><li><p>Settle international trade,</p></li><li><p>Issue international debt,</p></li><li><p>Snd serve as the primary reserve asset held by central banks around the world.</p></li></ul><p>This means that when the <strong>Federal Reserve (FED)</strong> changes interest rates, the consequences are rarely limited to the American economy.</p><p>Global borrowing costs,</p><p>capital flows,</p><p>exchange rates,</p><p>and financial liquidity can all shift in response.</p><p>That is why many investors say:</p><blockquote><p><strong>The Federal Reserve is America&#8217;s central bank.</strong></p><p><strong>But the U.S. dollar is the world&#8217;s currency.</strong></p></blockquote><h1>5. Why Is the Dollar So Difficult to Replace?</h1><p>For decades, many have predicted that another currency would eventually replace the dollar.</p><p>Some believed it would be the euro.</p><p>Others expected China&#8217;s renminbi.</p><p>More recently, some have argued that Bitcoin could become a global monetary standard.</p><p>Yet none has displaced the U.S. dollar.</p><p>Because becoming the world&#8217;s reserve currency requires far more than economic strength.</p><p>It requires:</p><ul><li><p>A large and resilient economy,</p></li><li><p>Deep and liquid financial markets,</p></li><li><p>Trusted legal institutions,</p></li><li><p>Free movement of capital,</p></li><li><p>And above all, <strong>global confidence.</strong></p></li></ul><p>A government can create a new currency overnight.</p><p>Building the trust required for that currency to become the world&#8217;s reserve asset may take decades or even centuries.</p><h1>Conclusion</h1><p>Many people believe the U.S. dollar is dominant simply because the United States is powerful.</p><p>That is certainly true.</p><p>But it is only part of the story.</p><p>The dollar became the world&#8217;s reserve currency not only because of America&#8217;s economic strength,</p><p>but because billions of transactions across the globe continue to choose it every single day.</p><p>Just as money itself exists because people trust it,</p><p>a reserve currency exists because the world collectively believes that it will still be accepted tomorrow.</p><p>Perhaps that is why the history of the U.S. dollar is not merely the story of one nation.</p><p>It is the story of how a single currency became the common language of the global economy.</p><div><hr></div><h2>A Macro View</h2><p><em>Financial markets are not just collections of assets. They are a system of relationships.</em></p><ul><li><p><strong>Money</strong> connects the system.</p></li><li><p><strong>Gold</strong> reflects trust.</p></li><li><p><strong>Stocks</strong> reflect human productivity.</p></li><li><p><strong>Bonds</strong> reflect the value of time.</p></li></ul><p><em>Understanding each asset individually is useful.</em></p><p><strong>Understanding how they fit together is what macroeconomics is really about.</strong></p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;0eafbbb2-637c-493b-a2a2-010290170b96&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Every investor needs more than the courage to move forward.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Spear, The Shield, and The Compass&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-12T03:16:54.358Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-spear-the-shield-and-the-compass&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:206652113,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:1,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h2>V&#236; sao c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i l&#7841;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la M&#7929;?</h2><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#225; k&#7923; l&#7841; trong n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng s&#7889;ng &#7903; Hoa K&#7923;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng nh&#7853;n l&#432;&#417;ng b&#7857;ng &#273;&#244; la M&#7929;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng &#273;&#243;ng thu&#7871; cho Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Hoa K&#7923;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng khi n&#243;i &#273;&#7871;n:</p><ul><li><p>Gi&#225; d&#7847;u,</p></li><li><p>Gi&#225; v&#224;ng,</p></li><li><p>Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qu&#7889;c t&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>D&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i,</p></li><li><p>Hay c&#225;c cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh,</p></li></ul><p>m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n lu&#244;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; <strong>&#273;&#244; la M&#7929; (United States Dollar &#8211; USD).</strong></p><p>T&#7841;i sao c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i l&#7841;i tin t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#224; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia?</p><p>&#272;&#7875; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#243;, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i quay l&#7841;i g&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7871; k&#7927; tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><h1>1. Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi c&#243; &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la th&#7889;ng tr&#7883;, th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n</h1><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u th&#7871; k&#7927;, kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n duy nh&#7845;t chi ph&#7889;i th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>&#272;&#7891;ng florin c&#7911;a H&#224; Lan, &#273;&#7891;ng b&#7843;ng Anh, hay c&#225;c &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n b&#7857;ng v&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c t&#7915;ng gi&#7919; vai tr&#242; quan tr&#7885;ng &#7903; nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i k&#7923; kh&#225;c nhau.</p><p>&#272;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i th&#7871; k&#7927; XIX, <strong>b&#7843;ng Anh (Pound Sterling)</strong> tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n qu&#7889;c t&#7871; nh&#7901; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a &#272;&#7871; qu&#7889;c Anh, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i r&#7897;ng kh&#7855;p v&#224; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; b&#7843;n v&#7883; v&#224;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng r&#7891;i hai cu&#7897;c Th&#7871; chi&#7871;n &#273;&#227; l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i tr&#7853;t t&#7921; kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>Ch&#226;u &#194;u b&#7883; t&#224;n ph&#225;.</p><p>Trong khi &#273;&#243;,</p><p>Hoa K&#7923; n&#7893;i l&#234;n nh&#432; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#7899;i ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n l&#432;&#7907;ng v&#224;ng d&#7921; tr&#7919; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>M&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879; m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u h&#236;nh th&#224;nh.</p><h1>2. Bretton Woods &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i m&#7885;i th&#7913;</h1><p>N&#259;m 1944, khi Th&#7871; chi&#7871;n II s&#7855;p k&#7871;t th&#250;c, 44 qu&#7889;c gia h&#7885;p t&#7841;i Bretton Woods (Hoa K&#7923;) &#273;&#7875; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879; m&#7899;i.</p><p>Th&#7887;a thu&#7853;n &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>&#272;&#244; la M&#7929; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c neo v&#7899;i v&#224;ng &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>35 USD cho m&#7897;t ounce v&#224;ng</strong>.</p><p>C&#225;c &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n kh&#225;c s&#7869; neo v&#224;o &#273;&#244; la M&#7929;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la tr&#7903; th&#224;nh chi&#7871;c c&#7847;u n&#7889;i gi&#7919;a v&#224;ng v&#224; ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p><p>L&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n, m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n qu&#7889;c gia tr&#7903; th&#224;nh trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><h1>3. Khi th&#7871; gi&#7899;i r&#7901;i b&#7887; v&#224;ng, v&#236; sao kh&#244;ng r&#7901;i b&#7887; &#273;&#244; la?</h1><p>N&#259;m 1971, T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng Richard Nixon tuy&#234;n b&#7889; ch&#7845;m d&#7913;t vi&#7879;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#244; la M&#7929; sang v&#224;ng.</p><p>S&#7921; ki&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; <strong>&#8220;Nixon Shock&#8221;</strong>.</p><p>T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#7843;n v&#7883; v&#224;ng ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><p>V&#7873; l&#253; thuy&#7871;t, &#273;&#226;y c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la &#273;&#225;nh m&#7845;t v&#7883; th&#7871;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i &#273;&#227; x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>&#272;&#244; la M&#7929; v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p><p>L&#253; do kh&#244;ng c&#242;n n&#7857;m &#7903; v&#224;ng.</p><p>M&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903;:</p><ul><li><p>Quy m&#244; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; Hoa K&#7923;,</p></li><li><p>S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh,</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh thanh kho&#7843;n c&#7911;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; Hoa K&#7923;,</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o th&#7875; ch&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i (<em>network effect</em>).</p></li></ul><p>Khi m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7873;u s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#249;ng m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n, vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#243; tr&#7903; n&#234;n thu&#7853;n ti&#7879;n h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1419ce1a-1136-4cf7-8527-e2775e79304b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When people think about bonds, they usually think about an investment product.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Bonds Are Not Investment Products. They Are Debt Instruments.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-16T12:06:10.608Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202271274,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1>4. &#272;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a Hoa K&#7923;</h1><p>Ng&#224;y nay, &#273;&#244; la M&#7929; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng trong n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;.</p><p>N&#243; c&#242;n l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n h&#224;ng h&#243;a qu&#7889;c t&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>Thanh to&#225;n trong th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i xuy&#234;n bi&#234;n gi&#7899;i,</p></li><li><p>Vay n&#7907; qu&#7889;c t&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; d&#7921; tr&#7919; ngo&#7841;i h&#7889;i c&#7911;a c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224;, khi C&#7909;c D&#7921; tr&#7919; Li&#234;n bang Hoa K&#7923; (Federal Reserve &#8211; FED) thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;.</p><p>Chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n,</p><p>d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n,</p><p>t&#7927; gi&#225;,</p><p>v&#224; thanh kho&#7843;n tr&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#243;i r&#7857;ng:</p><blockquote><p><strong>FED l&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a n&#432;&#7899;c M&#7929;.</strong></p><p><strong>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la l&#7841;i l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</strong></p></blockquote><h1>5. V&#236; sao v&#7883; th&#7871; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la r&#7845;t kh&#243; thay th&#7871;?</h1><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m, &#273;&#227; c&#243; kh&#244;ng &#237;t d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7891;ng euro s&#7869; thay th&#7871; &#273;&#244; la,</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7891;ng nh&#226;n d&#226;n t&#7879; s&#7869; thay th&#7871; &#273;&#244; la,</p></li><li><p>Hay Bitcoin s&#7869; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ti&#7873;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng cho &#273;&#7871;n nay, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; v&#7851;n ch&#432;a x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n m&#7841;nh.</p><p>N&#243; c&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7897;t n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n,</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7911; s&#226;u,</p></li><li><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#225;p l&#253; &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7853;y,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng l&#432;u chuy&#7875;n v&#7889;n t&#7921; do,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&#224; ni&#7873;m tin c&#7911;a c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p></li></ul><p>M&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#225;t h&#224;nh trong m&#7897;t ng&#224;y.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ni&#7873;m tin &#273;&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; c&#243; th&#7875; m&#7845;t h&#224;ng ch&#7909;c n&#259;m, th&#7853;m ch&#237; h&#224;ng th&#7871; k&#7927; &#273;&#7875; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng.</p><h1>K&#7871;t</h1><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297; &#273;&#244; la M&#7929; m&#7841;nh v&#236; Hoa K&#7923; m&#7841;nh.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; &#273;&#250;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911;.</p><p>&#272;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; v&#236; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>N&#243; c&#242;n v&#236; h&#224;ng t&#7927; giao d&#7883;ch m&#7895;i ng&#224;y &#273;&#7873;u c&#249;ng l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng n&#243;.</p><p>Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; ti&#7873;n ch&#7881; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i nh&#7901; ni&#7873;m tin,</p><p>m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; c&#361;ng ch&#7881; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i khi c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#249;ng tin r&#7857;ng:</p><p><strong>Ng&#224;y mai, n&#243; v&#7851;n s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n.</strong></p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y,</p><p>l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7891;ng &#273;&#244; la kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a Hoa K&#7923;.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; v&#7873; c&#225;ch m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n tr&#7903; th&#224;nh <strong>ng&#244;n ng&#7919; chung c&#7911;a n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;0fb42824-2b65-4d96-8956-4f2aba6cc03f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-23T12:45:01.421Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203238394,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9d681dc9-c55f-473a-b1bc-4888919f6411&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.625Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Spear, The Shield, and The Compass]]></title><description><![CDATA[Every investor needs more than the courage to move forward.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-spear-the-shield-and-the-compass</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-spear-the-shield-and-the-compass</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 12 Jul 2026 03:16:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png" width="1122" height="1402" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1402,&quot;width&quot;:1122,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2196372,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/206652113?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L7Sn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2f8e015c-88b1-473c-ad32-2928965bd94d_1122x1402.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Every investor needs more than the courage to move forward.</strong></h2><p><em>&#8220;If you had to walk into a battlefield tomorrow, what would you bring?&#8221;</em></p><p>A sharper weapon?</p><p>A stronger suit of armor?</p><p>Or simply courage?</p><p>The longer I spend thinking about investing, the more I realize that every investor resembles a warrior.</p><p>Not because we&#8217;re fighting each other.</p><p>But because we&#8217;re all fighting the same invisible opponent.</p><p>Uncertainty.</p><div><hr></div><p>There was a time when I believed investing was simply about finding a sharper spear.</p><p>A better stock.</p><p>A faster-growing business.</p><p>A market opportunity that others hadn&#8217;t yet discovered.</p><p>Like many beginners, I assumed that if my spear was sharp enough, every battle would eventually be mine to win.</p><p>Life has a way of challenging that belief.</p><p>Markets rise.</p><p>Markets fall.</p><p>Economic cycles come and go.</p><p>What feels certain today can become uncertain tomorrow.</p><p>That&#8217;s when I realized something simple.</p><p>A warrior carrying only a spear rarely survives every battle.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>The Spear</strong></h2><p>The spear represents growth.</p><p>For some, it&#8217;s a portfolio of businesses.</p><p>For others, it&#8217;s stocks, gold, or any asset capable of compounding wealth over time.</p><p>Without a spear, there is no progress.</p><p>Inflation never sleeps.</p><p>Neither does time.</p><p>If we hope to build wealth, we need assets that move us forward.</p><p>But a spear has one purpose.</p><p>It helps us advance.</p><p>It does not guarantee survival.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>The Shield</strong></h2><p>Every battle eventually changes.</p><p>There are moments when markets fall.</p><p>Plans fail.</p><p>Unexpected events rewrite everything we thought was certain.</p><p>During those moments, the most valuable asset isn&#8217;t necessarily the one generating the highest return.</p><p>It&#8217;s the one that allows us to stay in the game.</p><p>Cash.</p><p>Emergency savings.</p><p>Bonds.</p><p>Reliable cash flow.</p><p>Many people criticize these assets for producing modest returns.</p><p>Perhaps they&#8217;re right.</p><p>But no shield was ever designed to attack.</p><p>Its purpose is much simpler.</p><p>To make sure the warrior is still standing when the next battle begins.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>The Armor</strong></h2><p>Over time, I realized something even more important.</p><p>The greatest asset in any portfolio is rarely the portfolio itself.</p><p>It&#8217;s the person managing it.</p><p>Knowledge.</p><p>Skills.</p><p>Experience.</p><p>Health.</p><p>Markets can decline.</p><p>Careers can change.</p><p>Entire industries can disappear.</p><p>But what we learn continues to compound long after the numbers on a screen have changed.</p><p>Human capital is the only investment that follows us everywhere.</p><p>Perhaps it is also the investment with the highest lifetime return.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;7bae042d-4a47-498e-99a4-048f79973e42&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Money Is Not Wealth. 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Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-07-04T02:28:47.853Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-is-money&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:205001106,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>The Compass</strong></h2><p>If I had to choose only one item to keep, it wouldn&#8217;t be the spear.</p><p>Or the shield.</p><p>It would be the compass.</p><p>I call it <strong>Integrity</strong>.</p><p>Investing constantly tempts us to believe what we want to believe.</p><p>To chase returns.</p><p>To ignore risks.</p><p>To confuse hope with evidence.</p><p>A compass doesn&#8217;t make us wealthier overnight.</p><p>It simply keeps us from getting lost.</p><p>It reminds us that facts matter more than emotions.</p><p>Reality matters more than expectations.</p><p>And discipline almost always outlasts excitement.</p><div><hr></div><p>The longer I invest, the less I believe the goal is to find the perfect investment.</p><p>I believe the real goal is to become the kind of person who can survive many different market cycles.</p><p>Someone who knows when to advance.</p><p>When to defend.</p><p>And never loses direction.</p><div><hr></div><p>One day, markets will change again.</p><p>Another cycle will begin.</p><p>New opportunities will emerge.</p><p>If we continue sharpening our spear&#8230;</p><p>Strengthening our shield&#8230;</p><p>Improving our armor&#8230;</p><p>And trusting our compass&#8230;</p><p>Perhaps financial freedom is no longer just a number.</p><p>Perhaps it becomes something much quieter.</p><p>The ability to remain calm in the face of uncertainty.</p><p>And to keep walking forward.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>&#8220;If you had to walk into a battlefield tomorrow, what would you bring?&#8221;</em></p><p>Years ago, I would have chosen the sharpest spear.</p><p>Today, I would carry all four.</p><p>Because success isn&#8217;t about winning a single battle.</p><p>It&#8217;s about being ready for the next one.</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Author&#8217;s Note</strong></h3><p>Investing has never been just about money.</p><p>It is a lifelong process of shaping the person behind the portfolio.</p><p>Every decision sharpens the spear.</p><p>Strengthens the shield.</p><p>Improves the armor.</p><p>And quietly checks whether the compass is still pointing true.</p><p>Perhaps&#8230;</p><p>That is what financial freedom has always meant.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;02534d51-d477-4ffb-8b2b-bb6bdb01e9f6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-23T12:45:01.421Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203238394,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>Gi&#225;o, Khi&#234;n v&#224; La b&#224;n</strong></h1><h2><strong>M&#7895;i nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;&#7873;u c&#7847;n m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o, m&#7897;t t&#7845;m khi&#234;n v&#224; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n.</strong></h2><p><em>&#8220;N&#7871;u m&#7897;t ng&#224;y ph&#7843;i b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o chi&#7871;n tr&#432;&#7901;ng, b&#7841;n s&#7869; mang theo &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?&#8221;</em></p><p>C&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t thanh ki&#7871;m s&#7855;c b&#233;n.</p><p>C&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; m&#7863;c b&#7897; gi&#225;p d&#224;y nh&#7845;t.</p><p>C&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i tin r&#7857;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#273;&#7911; d&#361;ng c&#7843;m l&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; chi&#7871;n th&#7855;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#224;ng ngh&#297; v&#7873; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, m&#236;nh c&#224;ng nh&#7853;n ra h&#236;nh &#7843;nh m&#7897;t chi&#7871;n binh l&#7841;i gi&#7889;ng ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7871;n l&#7841;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang chi&#7871;n &#273;&#7845;u v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; m&#7895;i ng&#224;y &#273;&#7873;u &#273;ang &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t k&#7867; th&#249; v&#244; h&#236;nh.</p><p>S&#7921; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><div><hr></div><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian m&#236;nh tin r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o t&#7889;t.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; sinh l&#7901;i cao .</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#417; h&#7897;i m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c ch&#432;a nh&#236;n th&#7845;y.</p><p>Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng, m&#236;nh ngh&#297; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n c&#7847;m m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o &#273;&#7911; s&#7855;c th&#236; m&#7885;i tr&#7853;n chi&#7871;n &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; chi&#7871;n th&#7855;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng lu&#244;n c&#243; c&#225;ch khi&#7871;n ch&#250;ng ta thay &#273;&#7893;i suy ngh&#297;.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7891;i s&#7869; gi&#7843;m.</p><p>Chu k&#7923; r&#7891;i s&#7869; &#273;&#7843;o chi&#7873;u.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n h&#244;m nay c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; n&#234;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c v&#224;o ng&#224;y mai.</p><p>L&#250;c &#273;&#243; m&#236;nh m&#7899;i nh&#7853;n ra&#8230;</p><p>M&#7897;t chi&#7871;n binh ch&#7881; mang theo ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7889;ng s&#243;t l&#226;u.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o</strong></h2><p>Ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho kh&#225;t v&#7885;ng ti&#7871;n l&#234;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;t.</p><p>M&#7897;t danh m&#7909;c c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>M&#7897;t kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o v&#224;ng.</p><p>Hay b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#224;o gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta t&#7841;o ra t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o, ch&#250;ng ta r&#7845;t kh&#243; &#273;i xa.</p><p>B&#7903;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t s&#7869; kh&#244;ng ch&#7901; ai.</p><p>Th&#7901;i gian c&#361;ng v&#7853;y.</p><p>Mu&#7889;n x&#226;y d&#7921;ng t&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, ch&#250;ng ta bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; ti&#7873;n l&#224;m vi&#7879;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng&#8230;</p><p>C&#224;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; l&#226;u, m&#236;nh c&#224;ng nh&#7853;n ra m&#7897;t s&#7921; th&#7853;t.</p><p>Ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta ti&#7871;n l&#234;n.</p><p>N&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; s&#7889;ng s&#243;t.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>T&#7845;m khi&#234;n</strong></h2><p>Cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; nh&#7919;ng ng&#224;y th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng thu&#7853;n l&#7907;i.</p><p>S&#7869; c&#243; l&#250;c n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; suy gi&#7843;m.</p><p>S&#7869; c&#243; l&#250;c nh&#7919;ng k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; ho&#224;n h&#7843;o ph&#7843;i vi&#7871;t l&#7841;i.</p><p>S&#7869; c&#243; l&#250;c bi&#7871;n c&#7889; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; b&#225;o tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>Khi &#273;&#243;, &#273;i&#7873;u gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7913;ng v&#7919;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i b&#225;n &#273;i nh&#7919;ng g&#236; qu&#253; gi&#225; nh&#7845;t v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m t&#7891;i t&#7879; nh&#7845;t.</p><p>Ti&#7873;n m&#7863;t.</p><p>Ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i.</p><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Qu&#7929; d&#7921; ph&#242;ng.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ngu&#7891;n thu nh&#7853;p &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i cho r&#7857;ng ch&#250;ng t&#7841;o ra l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n qu&#225; th&#7845;p.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; h&#7885; &#273;&#250;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c khi&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#7875; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng.</p><p>N&#243; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; ng&#432;&#7901;i chi&#7871;n binh cho &#273;&#7871;n tr&#7853;n chi&#7871;n ti&#7871;p theo.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>B&#7897; gi&#225;p</strong></h2><p>R&#7891;i m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n ra.</p><p>Danh m&#7909;c &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n qu&#253; gi&#225; nh&#7845;t.</p><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n qu&#253; gi&#225; nh&#7845;t lu&#244;n l&#224; ch&#237;nh con ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p><p>Ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c.</p><p>K&#7929; n&#259;ng.</p><p>Kinh nghi&#7879;m.</p><p>S&#7913;c kh&#7887;e.</p><p>M&#7897;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng gi&#225; xu&#7889;ng c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n danh m&#7909;c gi&#7843;m gi&#225;.</p><p>M&#7897;t chu k&#7923; kinh t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c c&#243; th&#7875; k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7851;n c&#242;n &#7903; &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; l&#7845;y &#273;i kh&#7843; n&#259;ng suy ngh&#297;, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7885;c h&#7887;i v&#224; kinh nghi&#7879;m &#273;&#227; t&#237;ch l&#361;y.</p><p>&#272;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; b&#7897; gi&#225;p th&#7853;t s&#7921;.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#243; l&#227;i k&#233;p m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t trong cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;bea55a94-8e45-47a4-bbfe-3299a6bb6bc0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn&#8217;t in My Suitcase&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-08T03:20:14.563Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201091276,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n</strong></h2><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u ph&#7843;i ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t th&#7913; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p><p>M&#236;nh s&#7869; ch&#7885;n chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n.</p><p>M&#236;nh g&#7885;i n&#243; l&#224; <strong>Integrity</strong>.</p><p>S&#7921; ch&#237;nh tr&#7921;c.</p><p>Trong &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, ch&#250;ng ta r&#7845;t d&#7877; b&#7883; cu&#7889;n theo l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n.</p><p>R&#7845;t d&#7877; t&#7921; k&#7875; cho m&#236;nh nghe nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;a ra.</p><p>R&#7845;t d&#7877; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n gi&#7919;a &#273;i&#7873;u m&#236;nh hy v&#7885;ng v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;ang th&#7921;c s&#7921; di&#7877;n ra.</p><p>Chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n kh&#244;ng gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta gi&#224;u nhanh h&#417;n.</p><p>N&#243; ch&#7881; gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng &#273;i l&#7841;c.</p><p>N&#243; nh&#7855;c r&#7857;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u lu&#244;n quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n c&#7843;m x&#250;c.</p><p>S&#7921; th&#7853;t lu&#244;n quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n mong mu&#7889;n.</p><p>V&#224; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t lu&#244;n b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng h&#417;n s&#7921; h&#432;ng ph&#7845;n.</p><div><hr></div><p>C&#243; l&#7869; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u c&#7911;a &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; l&#224; t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o s&#7855;c b&#233;n nh&#7845;t.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; b&#432;&#7899;c qua nhi&#7873;u tr&#7853;n chi&#7871;n c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i.</p><p>M&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;t khi n&#224;o n&#234;n ti&#7871;n l&#234;n.</p><p>Bi&#7871;t khi n&#224;o n&#234;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911;.</p><p>V&#224; lu&#244;n gi&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#432;&#417;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><div><hr></div><p>M&#7897;t ng&#224;y n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7891;i s&#7869; l&#7841;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t chu k&#7923; m&#7899;i s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#417; h&#7897;i m&#7899;i s&#7869; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u m&#7895;i ng&#224;y ch&#250;ng ta v&#7851;n &#273;ang m&#224;i s&#7855;c ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o.</p><p>Gia c&#7889; t&#7845;m khi&#234;n.</p><p>R&#232;n luy&#7879;n b&#7897; gi&#225;p.</p><p>V&#224; gi&#7919; v&#7919;ng chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n.</p><p>Th&#236; c&#243; l&#7869;&#8230;</p><p>T&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t con s&#7889;.</p><p>N&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh kh&#7843; n&#259;ng b&#236;nh t&#297;nh tr&#432;&#7899;c s&#7921; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>V&#224; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#432;&#7899;c v&#7873; ph&#237;a tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><div><hr></div><p><strong>&#8220;N&#7871;u m&#7897;t ng&#224;y ph&#7843;i b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o chi&#7871;n tr&#432;&#7901;ng, b&#7841;n s&#7869; mang theo &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?&#8221;</strong></p><p>Ng&#224;y tr&#432;&#7899;c, m&#236;nh s&#7869; ch&#7885;n m&#7897;t ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o s&#7855;c nh&#7845;t.</p><p>C&#242;n h&#244;m nay, m&#236;nh s&#7869; mang theo c&#7843; b&#7889;n.</p><p>V&#236; m&#236;nh hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; chi&#7871;n th&#7855;ng m&#7897;t tr&#7853;n chi&#7871;n.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; sau m&#7895;i tr&#7853;n chi&#7871;n, m&#236;nh v&#7851;n c&#242;n &#273;&#7911; s&#7913;c &#273;&#7875; b&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;p.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Author&#8217;s Note</strong></h2><p>&#272;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; ch&#7881; l&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; ti&#7873;n.</p><p>N&#243; l&#224; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh r&#232;n luy&#7879;n ch&#237;nh con ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#236;nh.</p><p>M&#7895;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7873;u &#273;ang m&#224;i s&#7855;c ng&#7885;n gi&#225;o.</p><p>Gia c&#7889; t&#7845;m khi&#234;n.</p><p>R&#232;n luy&#7879;n b&#7897; gi&#225;p.</p><p>V&#224; ki&#7875;m tra xem chi&#7871;c la b&#224;n trong l&#242;ng m&#236;nh c&#242;n ch&#7881; &#273;&#250;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869;&#8230;</p><p>&#272;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh th&#7853;t s&#7921; c&#7911;a t&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><div><hr></div><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;b2f448ca-60ee-450d-be0a-d05420c3be48&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. 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They Are Debt Instruments.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-16T12:06:10.608Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202271274,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[What Is Money?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Money Is Not Wealth.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-is-money</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-is-money</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2026 02:28:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg" width="1456" height="1114" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1114,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:976134,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/205001106?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zsV6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8b280547-297a-42be-93c5-d280ec40437b_3300x2524.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Money Is Not Wealth. It Is One of Humanity&#8217;s Greatest Inventions.</strong></h2><p>One of the most fascinating things about money is that it has almost no intrinsic value.</p><p>A banknote is simply a piece of printed paper. A balance in your bank account is nothing more than numbers stored in a computer system.</p><p>Yet every day, billions of people exchange their time, skills, and labor for these pieces of paper or digital records.</p><p>Why?</p><p>Is money valuable because of what it is made of?</p><p>Or because of something far less tangible?</p><p>To answer that question, we have to travel back to a world before money existed.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1. Before Money, There Was Barter</strong></h1><p>For much of human history, people lived without money.</p><p>Goods were exchanged directly. Grain was traded for salt. Livestock for tools. Animal skins for food.</p><p>This worked reasonably well in small communities where people knew one another and economic needs were relatively simple.</p><p>But as societies expanded, barter quickly revealed a fundamental limitation.</p><p>Imagine you have grain but need an axe. You must find someone who not only owns an axe, but also happens to want grain. If they only need salt, no trade can occur.</p><p>Economists call this problem the <strong>double coincidence of wants</strong>.</p><p>The larger an economy becomes, the more difficult it is to find the right trading partner at the right moment.</p><p>Human societies needed something that everyone would willingly accept.</p><p>That necessity gave birth to money.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2. Money Did Not Begin as Paper</strong></h1><p>Throughout history, many different objects have served as money.</p><p>People have used:</p><ul><li><p>Shells,</p></li><li><p>Salt,</p></li><li><p>Livestock,</p></li><li><p>Copper,</p></li><li><p>Silver,</p></li><li><p>And eventually gold.</p></li></ul><p>Around the 7th century BCE, the Kingdom of Lydia&#8212;located in present-day T&#252;rkiye&#8212;is widely believed to have issued the world&#8217;s first standardized metal coins. From there, coinage spread across Greece, Rome, and many other civilizations.</p><p>What made these objects useful was not their appearance.</p><p>Nor was it simply their scarcity.</p><p>Their value came from a shared belief:</p><p><strong>Anyone else would also accept them in the next transaction.</strong></p><p>Money has never been defined primarily by its material.</p><p>It has always been defined by <strong>collective acceptance</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3. From Gold to Paper Money</strong></h1><p>For centuries, gold became the foundation of monetary systems.</p><p>Not because it possessed magical properties,</p><p>but because it combined several characteristics that made it an excellent form of money.</p><p>Gold is scarce.</p><p>Durable.</p><p>Difficult to counterfeit.</p><p>Easy to divide.</p><p>And widely recognized across cultures.</p><p>Still, carrying gold for every transaction was inconvenient.</p><p>Merchants began depositing gold with trusted institutions and received paper certificates representing ownership of that gold.</p><p>Initially, those certificates were nothing more than receipts.</p><p>Over time, however, people realized they could simply exchange the receipts themselves without withdrawing the gold.</p><p>Gradually, trust shifted.</p><p>People no longer trusted only the gold stored in the vault.</p><p>They trusted the paper that represented it.</p><p>This marked one of the most important transitions in financial history.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;5604df07-eb3e-45d2-88ba-6f83aef14e57&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.412Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4. What Is Money Today?</strong></h1><p>Today, most money no longer exists as physical cash.</p><p>It exists as digital records inside banking systems.</p><p>A bank transfer.</p><p>A debit card payment.</p><p>A mobile transaction.</p><p>Or simply numbers displayed on a screen.</p><p>This reveals an important truth.</p><p>Modern money is no longer defined by physical objects.</p><p>It is defined by <strong>trust</strong>.</p><p>We accept money not because paper is valuable,</p><p>but because we believe someone else will accept that same money tomorrow.</p><p>In many ways,</p><p>money has become a common language that allows billions of strangers to exchange value without ever meeting one another.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5. What Does Money Actually Do?</strong></h1><p>Economics textbooks usually describe three classic functions of money.</p><p>It serves as:</p><ul><li><p>A medium of exchange,</p></li><li><p>A unit of account,</p></li><li><p>And a store of value.</p></li></ul><p>All of these are correct.</p><p>But perhaps money performs an even deeper function.</p><p>Money allows <strong>purchasing power to move through time</strong>.</p><p>When you work today, you do not have to consume everything immediately.</p><p>Instead, money allows you to decide:</p><ul><li><p>What to buy,</p></li><li><p>Where to buy,</p></li><li><p>And when to buy it.</p></li></ul><p>Money becomes the bridge between today&#8217;s labor and tomorrow&#8217;s choices.</p><p>That is why discussions about inflation, interest rates, or monetary policy ultimately revolve around one fundamental question:</p><p><strong>Will today&#8217;s purchasing power still exist tomorrow?</strong></p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6. Understanding Money Means Understanding the Financial System</strong></h1><p>Once we understand what money truly is, many seemingly unrelated topics begin to connect.</p><p>We begin to understand:</p><ul><li><p>Why gold once served as money,</p></li><li><p>Why the world abandoned the gold standard,</p></li><li><p>Why inflation quietly erodes purchasing power,</p></li><li><p>Why interest rates are called the price of money,</p></li><li><p>And why central banks play such a critical role in modern economies.</p></li></ul><p>Many financial events appear unrelated on the surface.</p><p>In reality, they all revolve around a single idea:</p><p><strong>confidence in money.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>Conclusion</strong></h1><p>Most people think money exists to buy things.</p><p>That is certainly one of its functions.</p><p>But perhaps its greatest achievement is something much larger.</p><p>Money enables billions of people&#8212;most of whom will never meet&#8212;to cooperate through a shared system of trust.</p><p>Its value does not come from paper.</p><p>Or metal.</p><p>Or digital code.</p><p>Its value comes from a simple belief:</p><p><strong>The next person will accept it, too.</strong></p><p>Perhaps that is why the history of money is not merely the history of economics.</p><p>It is the history of <strong>trust, cooperation, and humanity&#8217;s ability to transfer value across both people and time.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h1><h2><strong>Understanding the Financial System</strong></h2><p><em>Financial markets are not just collections of assets.</em></p><p><em>They are a system of relationships.</em></p><h3><strong>A Macro View</strong></h3><ul><li><p><strong>Money</strong> connects the system.</p></li><li><p><strong>Gold</strong> reflects trust.</p></li><li><p><strong>Stocks</strong> reflect human productivity.</p></li><li><p><strong>Bonds</strong> reflect the value of time.</p></li></ul><p><em>Understanding each asset individually is useful.</em></p><p><strong>Understanding how they fit together is what macroeconomics is really about.</strong></p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1e6f8b82-7b34-4c72-9842-d5ac0f2fc4a0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-23T12:45:01.421Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203238394,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212;Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1>Ti&#7873;n l&#224; g&#236;?</h1><h2>Ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#7911;a c&#7843;i. Ti&#7873;n l&#224; ph&#225;t minh gi&#250;p x&#227; h&#7897;i<span> v&#297; &#273;&#7841;i nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a nh&#226;n lo&#7841;i</span>.</h2><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; nh&#7845;t v&#7873; ti&#7873;n l&#224;:</p><p>B&#7843;n th&#226;n n&#243; g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>M&#7897;t t&#7901; ti&#7873;n polymer hay cotton ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7843;nh v&#7853;t li&#7879;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c in &#273;&#7865;p h&#417;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; trong t&#224;i kho&#7843;n ng&#226;n h&#224;ng c&#361;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; d&#7919; li&#7879;u &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917;.</p><p>V&#7853;y t&#7841;i sao ch&#250;ng ta s&#7861;n s&#224;ng d&#224;nh h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n gi&#7901; lao &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; &#7845;y?</p><p>C&#243; ph&#7843;i ti&#7873;n t&#7921; n&#243; c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883;?</p><p>Hay gi&#225; tr&#7883; n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#250;ng ta c&#249;ng tin?</p><p>&#272;&#7875; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#243;, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i quay l&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#242;n ch&#432;a ph&#225;t minh ra ti&#7873;n.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1. Khi ch&#432;a c&#243; ti&#7873;n, con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n giao d&#7883;ch</strong></h1><p>Trong ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n l&#7883;ch s&#7917; nh&#226;n lo&#7841;i, ti&#7873;n ch&#432;a t&#7891;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>Con ng&#432;&#7901;i trao &#273;&#7893;i tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p b&#7857;ng h&#224;ng h&#243;a: l&#250;a &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y mu&#7889;i, gia s&#250;c &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y c&#244;ng c&#7909;, da th&#250; &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trong nh&#7919;ng c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng nh&#7887;, n&#417;i m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i quen bi&#7871;t nhau v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u c&#242;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng khi x&#227; h&#7897;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n, c&#225;ch trao &#273;&#7893;i n&#224;y nhanh ch&#243;ng b&#7897;c l&#7897; h&#7841;n ch&#7871;.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&#243; g&#7841;o nh&#432;ng c&#7847;n m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c r&#236;u, b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i t&#236;m &#273;&#250;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7915;a c&#243; r&#236;u, v&#7915;a mu&#7889;n l&#7845;y g&#7841;o. N&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n mu&#7889;i, giao d&#7883;ch s&#7869; kh&#244;ng th&#7875; di&#7877;n ra.</p><p>C&#225;c nh&#224; kinh t&#7871; g&#7885;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>&#8220;s&#7921; tr&#249;ng kh&#7899;p k&#233;p v&#7873; nhu c&#7847;u&#8221;</strong> (<em>double coincidence of wants</em>).</p><p>N&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; c&#224;ng l&#7899;n, vi&#7879;c t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#8220;&#273;&#250;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i, &#273;&#250;ng l&#250;c&#8221; c&#224;ng kh&#243;.</p><p>Con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7913; m&#224; <strong>ai c&#361;ng s&#7861;n s&#224;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do ti&#7873;n ra &#273;&#7901;i.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2. Ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng gi&#7845;y</strong></h1><p>Trong h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n n&#259;m, ti&#7873;n mang r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u h&#236;nh th&#7913;c kh&#225;c nhau.</p><p>&#7902; nhi&#7873;u n&#417;i, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta t&#7915;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng:</p><ul><li><p>V&#7887; s&#242;,</p></li><li><p>Mu&#7889;i,</p></li><li><p>Gia s&#250;c,</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7891;ng,</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;c,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; v&#224;ng.</p></li></ul><p>Kho&#7843;ng th&#7871; k&#7927; VII tr&#432;&#7899;c C&#244;ng nguy&#234;n, V&#432;&#417;ng qu&#7889;c Lydia (thu&#7897;c Th&#7893; Nh&#297; K&#7923; ng&#224;y nay) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n &#273;&#250;c ti&#7873;n kim lo&#7841;i theo ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t. T&#7915; &#273;&#243;, ti&#7873;n xu d&#7847;n lan r&#7897;ng sang Hy L&#7841;p, La M&#227; v&#224; nhi&#7873;u n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh kh&#225;c.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m chung c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ti&#7873;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7865;p hay hi&#7871;m.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#249;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng:</p><p><strong>Ch&#250;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; trao &#273;&#7893;i v&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai.</strong></p><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; ch&#7881; n&#7857;m &#7903; v&#7853;t li&#7879;u.</p><p>N&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; s&#7921; &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n c&#7911;a c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3. T&#7915; v&#224;ng &#273;&#7871;n ti&#7873;n gi&#7845;y</strong></h1><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u th&#7871; k&#7927;, v&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; v&#224;ng c&#243; ph&#233;p m&#224;u.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; n&#243; s&#7903; h&#7919;u nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh r&#7845;t ph&#249; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m ti&#7873;n:</p><ul><li><p>Khan hi&#7871;m,</p></li><li><p>B&#7873;n theo th&#7901;i gian,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#243; l&#224;m gi&#7843;,</p></li><li><p>D&#7877; chia nh&#7887;,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n r&#7897;ng r&#227;i.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng mang theo v&#224;ng &#273;&#7875; giao d&#7883;ch kh&#244;ng h&#7873; thu&#7853;n ti&#7879;n.</p><p>C&#225;c th&#432;&#417;ng nh&#226;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u g&#7917;i v&#224;ng v&#224;o ng&#226;n h&#224;ng v&#224; nh&#7853;n l&#7841;i m&#7897;t t&#7901; gi&#7845;y x&#225;c nh&#7853;n quy&#7873;n s&#7903; h&#7919;u.</p><p>Ban &#273;&#7847;u, t&#7901; gi&#7845;y &#7845;y ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t bi&#234;n nh&#7853;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng r&#7891;i m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; trao &#273;&#7893;i ch&#237;nh t&#7901; gi&#7845;y &#273;&#243; m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n r&#250;t v&#224;ng.</p><p>Theo th&#7901;i gian, &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; con ng&#432;&#7901;i tin t&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; v&#224;ng trong k&#233;t s&#7855;t.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; l&#7901;i h&#7913;a r&#7857;ng t&#7901; gi&#7845;y &#7845;y s&#7869; lu&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#7863;t l&#7899;n trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917; ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;d5cc6308-f204-4564-b9dd-fd6c49de4588&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4. Ti&#7873;n ng&#224;y nay th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224; g&#236;?</strong></h1><p>Ng&#224;y nay, ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng c&#242;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng ti&#7873;n gi&#7845;y.</p><p>N&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t kho&#7843;n chuy&#7875;n kho&#7843;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t giao d&#7883;ch b&#7857;ng th&#7867;.</p><p>Hay m&#7897;t d&#242;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u tr&#234;n &#273;i&#7879;n tho&#7841;i.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y:</p><p>Ti&#7873;n hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a b&#7903;i v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a b&#7903;i <strong>ni&#7873;m tin</strong>.</p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c in tr&#234;n gi&#7845;y &#273;&#7865;p.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; ch&#250;ng ta tin r&#7857;ng ng&#224;y mai, ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c c&#361;ng s&#7869; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n n&#243;.</p><p>Theo m&#7897;t ngh&#297;a n&#224;o &#273;&#243;,</p><p>ti&#7873;n l&#224; <strong>m&#7897;t ng&#244;n ng&#7919; chung</strong> gi&#250;p h&#224;ng t&#7927; con ng&#432;&#7901;i trao &#273;&#7893;i gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#7899;i nhau.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5. Ti&#7873;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?</strong></h1><p>C&#225;c s&#225;ch kinh t&#7871; th&#432;&#7901;ng n&#243;i ti&#7873;n c&#243; ba ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng:</p><ul><li><p>L&#224; ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n trao &#273;&#7893;i;</p></li><li><p>L&#224; &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883;;</p></li><li><p>L&#224; n&#417;i l&#432;u gi&#7919; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#250;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#243; l&#7869; c&#242;n m&#7897;t ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>Ti&#7873;n gi&#250;p <strong>di chuy&#7875;n s&#7913;c mua qua th&#7901;i gian</strong>.</p><p>Khi b&#7841;n l&#224;m vi&#7879;c h&#244;m nay, b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ti&#234;u d&#249;ng ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c.</p><p>B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7919; ti&#7873;n v&#224; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh:</p><ul><li><p>Mua g&#236;,</p></li><li><p>&#7902; &#273;&#226;u,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;o trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p></li></ul><p>Ti&#7873;n tr&#7903; th&#224;nh c&#226;y c&#7847;u n&#7889;i gi&#7919;a lao &#273;&#7897;ng h&#244;m nay v&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n c&#7911;a ng&#224;y mai.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y, m&#7885;i cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, l&#227;i su&#7845;t hay ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng &#273;&#7873;u quay v&#7873; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p><strong>Li&#7879;u s&#7913;c mua c&#7911;a &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n h&#244;m nay c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai hay kh&#244;ng?</strong></p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6. Hi&#7875;u ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u c&#7843; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</strong></h1><p>Khi hi&#7875;u ti&#7873;n l&#224; g&#236;,</p><p>ch&#250;ng ta c&#361;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u hi&#7875;u v&#236; sao:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng t&#7915;ng &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; l&#224; ti&#7873;n;</p></li><li><p>Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i r&#7901;i b&#7887; b&#7843;n v&#7883; v&#224;ng;</p></li><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t l&#224;m x&#243;i m&#242;n s&#7913;c mua;</p></li><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n&#8221;;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; v&#236; sao c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng l&#7841;i c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n to&#224;n b&#7897; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p></li></ul><p>R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh t&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#7915;ng kh&#244;ng li&#234;n quan th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7873;u xoay quanh m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n duy nh&#7845;t.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; <strong>ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o ti&#7873;n</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></h1><p>Ch&#250;ng ta th&#432;&#7901;ng ngh&#297; ti&#7873;n l&#224; th&#7913; d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; mua h&#224;ng h&#243;a.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#243; l&#7869;, &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224; ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng d&#7877; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y nh&#7845;t.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; gi&#7845;y, kim lo&#7841;i hay nh&#7919;ng con s&#7889; tr&#234;n m&#224;n h&#236;nh.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; h&#224;ng t&#7927; con ng&#432;&#7901;i, m&#7895;i ng&#224;y, &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7891;ng &#253; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#249;ng m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; trao &#273;&#7893;i gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y,</p><p><strong>l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a kinh t&#7871;.</strong></p><p><strong>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#7911;a ni&#7873;m tin, c&#7911;a s&#7921; h&#7907;p t&#225;c v&#224; c&#7911;a c&#225;ch con ng&#432;&#7901;i h&#7885;c c&#225;ch trao &#273;&#7893;i gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#7899;i nhau qua th&#7901;i gian.</strong></p><div><hr></div><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read more</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;037bbcf2-15bc-4290-addc-aefe90c4a22a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;More than 5,000 years ago, ancient civilizations were already using gold as a store of value.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold: Why a &#8220;Non-Yielding&#8221; Asset Has Survived 5,000 Years&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14T02:02:19.678Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WTkC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39a22f28-7d41-44b1-af2d-6649cd591383_5184x3456.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-why-a-non-yielding-asset-has&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:190901621,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;c09c42b6-2f7e-41b4-ae87-25135ae0126b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bonds Are the Price of Time]]></title><description><![CDATA[Why Bond Investors Fear Inflation More Than Stock Investors]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-the-price-of-time</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-the-price-of-time</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 02:38:04 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2742826,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/203784525?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Why Bond Investors Fear Inflation More Than Stock Investors</strong></h2><p>When people look at financial markets, most only see prices.</p><p>But behind every price lies a story.</p><p>Stocks tell the story of businesses.</p><p>Gold tells the story of trust.</p><p>Bonds tell the story of time.</p><p>If we had to describe these three major asset classes in one sentence, it might be this:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Stocks price businesses.</strong><br><strong>Gold prices trust.</strong><br><strong>Bonds price time.</strong></p></blockquote><p>And perhaps, among these three stories, time is the most important one in macroeconomics.</p><h1><strong>1. The Bond Market Doesn&#8217;t Ask, &#8220;How Much Money?&#8221;</strong></h1><p>It asks:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;How Long?&#8221;</strong></p></blockquote><p>When investing in stocks, people usually ask:</p><ul><li><p>How fast will the company grow?</p></li><li><p>Will profits continue to increase?</p></li><li><p>Can the business expand its market share?</p></li></ul><p>Bond investors ask a completely different question:</p><blockquote><p><strong>How much purchasing power will my money still have 5, 10, or even 30 years from now?</strong></p></blockquote><p>That is why time is the most important variable in the bond market.</p><p>A 3-month bond and a 30-year bond are both promises to repay investors.</p><p>The difference is that the longer the waiting period, the greater the uncertainty.</p><p>Not only uncertainty about default, but also uncertainty about:</p><ul><li><p>Inflation,</p></li><li><p>Interest rates,</p></li><li><p>Economic growth,</p></li><li><p>And events that nobody can predict today.</p></li></ul><p>Perhaps that is why bonds do not simply price money.</p><p>They price <strong>time</strong>.</p><h1><strong>2. Why Are Bonds the &#8220;Price of Time&#8221;?</strong></h1><p>Imagine buying a 10-year bond that pays a fixed annual yield of 3%.</p><p>Now imagine market interest rates rise to 6%.</p><p>Who would still want to buy your bond paying only 3%?</p><p>To attract a new buyer, its price must fall.</p><p>The opposite is also true.</p><p>If market interest rates fall to 1%, your 3% bond suddenly becomes much more attractive, and its price rises.</p><p>This reveals something important:</p><blockquote><p>Bond prices do not simply reflect money.</p><p>They reflect <strong>the value of waiting</strong>.</p></blockquote><p>The longer the maturity,</p><p>the greater the impact of changes in interest rates.</p><p>That is why the yield on the 10-year U.S. Treasury is often viewed as one of the most important indicators in the global financial system.</p><h1><strong>3. Why Do Bond Investors Fear Inflation?</strong></h1><p>This is where bonds differ fundamentally from stocks.</p><p>Suppose you buy a bond yielding 4% annually.</p><p>If inflation averages only 2%, your purchasing power still increases over time.</p><p>But if inflation rises to 6%, that 4% yield is no longer enough.</p><p>You still receive every interest payment exactly as promised.</p><p>But the money you receive buys less than it did before.</p><p>In other words:</p><p>Inflation does not reduce the amount of money you receive.</p><p>It reduces <strong>the real value</strong> of that money.</p><p>That is why inflation has always been considered the biggest enemy of bond investors.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2bcadaef-6144-492a-8604-5cc365ba5f13&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4. What About Stocks?</strong></h1><p>Businesses have the ability to adapt.</p><p>When costs rise,</p><p>they can:</p><ul><li><p>Increase prices,</p></li><li><p>Improve efficiency,</p></li><li><p>Expand into new markets,</p></li><li><p>Or develop higher-value products.</p></li></ul><p>Profits may fluctuate in the short run, but businesses still have the potential to grow alongside the economy.</p><p>Bonds are different.</p><p>Their cash flows are fixed from the very beginning.</p><p>They cannot automatically adjust to inflation.</p><p>That is why, when inflation expectations begin to rise,</p><p>the bond market usually reacts first.</p><h1><strong>5. Why Does the Bond Market Watch Inflation So Closely?</strong></h1><p>Stock investors typically focus on:</p><ul><li><p>Revenue,</p></li><li><p>Earnings,</p></li><li><p>Innovation,</p></li><li><p>And long-term growth.</p></li></ul><p>Bond investors focus on a different question:</p><blockquote><p><strong>How much purchasing power will the money I receive in the future still have?</strong></p></blockquote><p>That is why they closely monitor:</p><ul><li><p>CPI (Consumer Price Index),</p></li><li><p>PCE (Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index),</p></li><li><p>Central bank policy,</p></li><li><p>Inflation expectations,</p></li><li><p>And government bond yields.</p></li></ul><p>Because to bond investors, time is not simply a distance between today and tomorrow.</p><p><strong>Time itself is risk.</strong></p><h1><strong>Conclusion</strong></h1><p>Stocks tell the story of productive businesses.</p><p>Gold tells the story of trust in the monetary system.</p><p>Bonds tell the story of time.</p><p>And inflation is the price that time can quietly take away.</p><p>Perhaps that is why, to truly understand the economy,</p><p>it is not enough to watch the stock market alone.</p><p>Sometimes,</p><p>the bond market is where the economy quietly negotiates <strong>the price of time</strong>.</p><p>And every time inflation changes,</p><p>that negotiation begins all over again.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;c3c6e09e-a8a8-41e6-b57f-a3819f00db53&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-23T12:45:01.421Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203238394,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#224; c&#225;i gi&#225; c&#7911;a th&#7901;i gian.</strong></h1><h2><strong>V&#236; sao nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u s&#7907; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t h&#417;n c&#7843; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u</strong></h2><p>Khi nh&#236;n v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, h&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7881; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y gi&#225;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ph&#237;a sau m&#7895;i m&#7913;c gi&#225; l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n.</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>V&#224;ng k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; ni&#7873;m tin.</p><p>C&#242;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; th&#7901;i gian.</p><p>N&#7871;u ph&#7843;i m&#244; t&#7843; ba lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#226;u, c&#243; l&#7869; s&#7869; l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; doanh nghi&#7879;p.</strong><br><strong>V&#224;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; ni&#7873;m tin.</strong><br><strong>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; th&#7901;i gian.</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869;, trong ba c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#7845;y, th&#7901;i gian l&#7841;i l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a kinh t&#7871; v&#297; m&#244;.</p><h1><strong>1. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng h&#7887;i &#8220;bao nhi&#234;u ti&#7873;n?&#8221;</strong></h1><p>N&#243; h&#7887;i:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#8220;Bao l&#226;u?&#8221;</strong></p></blockquote><p>Khi &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#224;o c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; th&#432;&#7901;ng quan t&#226;m:</p><ul><li><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p s&#7869; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng bao nhi&#234;u?</p></li><li><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n s&#7869; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o?</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; ph&#7847;n c&#243; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng kh&#244;ng?</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n l&#7841;i ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Kho&#7843;n ti&#7873;n m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n sau 5, 10 hay 30 n&#259;m s&#7869; c&#242;n gi&#225; tr&#7883; bao nhi&#234;u?</strong></p></blockquote><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do th&#7901;i gian tr&#7903; th&#224;nh y&#7871;u t&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>M&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7923; h&#7841;n 3 th&#225;ng v&#224; m&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7923; h&#7841;n 30 n&#259;m &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#7901;i h&#7913;a thanh to&#225;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian ch&#7901; &#273;&#7907;i c&#224;ng d&#224;i, th&#236; r&#7911;i ro c&#224;ng l&#7899;n.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; r&#7911;i ro t&#237;n d&#7909;ng.</p><p>M&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; r&#7911;i ro v&#7873;:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t</p></li><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n h&#244;m nay.</p></li></ul><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; ti&#7873;n.</p><p>N&#243; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; <strong>th&#7901;i gian</strong>.</p><h1><strong>2. V&#236; sao n&#243;i tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; c&#7911;a th&#7901;i gian&#8221;?</strong></h1><p>H&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7841;n mua m&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7923; h&#7841;n 10 n&#259;m v&#7899;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh 3% m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p><p>N&#7871;u sau &#273;&#243; l&#227;i su&#7845;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#259;ng l&#234;n 6%, &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra?</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ai c&#242;n mu&#7889;n mua tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#7899;i m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t ch&#7881; 3%.</p><p>Mu&#7889;n b&#225;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, gi&#225; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i gi&#7843;m.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, n&#7871;u l&#227;i su&#7845;t gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng c&#242;n 1%, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u c&#7911;a b&#7841;n b&#7895;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n h&#7845;p d&#7851;n h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u v&#224; gi&#225; c&#7911;a n&#243; s&#7869; t&#259;ng.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y:</p><blockquote><p>Gi&#225; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh ti&#7873;n.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh <strong>gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c ch&#7901; &#273;&#7907;i</strong>.</p></blockquote><p>Th&#7901;i gian c&#224;ng d&#224;i, t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a l&#227;i su&#7845;t c&#224;ng l&#7899;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; k&#7923; h&#7841;n 10 n&#259;m lu&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ch&#7881; b&#225;o quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p><h1><strong>3. V&#236; sao nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u s&#7907; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t?</strong></h1><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t gi&#7919;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u v&#224; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Gi&#7843; s&#7917; b&#7841;n mua m&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u v&#7899;i l&#7907;i su&#7845;t 4% m&#7895;i n&#259;m.</p><p>N&#7871;u l&#7841;m ph&#225;t ch&#7881; l&#224; 2%, b&#7841;n v&#7851;n &#273;ang gia t&#259;ng s&#7913;c mua c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u l&#7841;m ph&#225;t t&#259;ng l&#234;n 6%, kho&#7843;n l&#7907;i su&#7845;t 4% &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7911;.</p><p>B&#7841;n v&#7851;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7911; ti&#7873;n l&#227;i.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng s&#7889; ti&#7873;n &#7845;y l&#7841;i mua &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#237;t h&#224;ng h&#243;a v&#224; d&#7883;ch v&#7909; h&#417;n tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t kh&#244;ng l&#7845;y &#273;i s&#7889; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</p><p>N&#243; l&#7845;y &#273;i <strong>gi&#225; tr&#7883; th&#7921;c</strong> c&#7911;a s&#7889; ti&#7873;n &#273;&#243;.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do l&#7841;m ph&#225;t lu&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; k&#7867; th&#249; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;93541746-68ad-4402-8c83-084d5839f874&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><h1><strong>4. C&#242;n c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#236; sao?</strong></h1><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng th&#237;ch nghi.</p><p>N&#7871;u chi ph&#237; &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o t&#259;ng,</p><p>h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng gi&#225; b&#225;n</p></li><li><p>C&#7843;i thi&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng</p></li><li><p>M&#7903; r&#7897;ng sang th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7899;i</p></li><li><p>Ho&#7863;c t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; cao h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n c&#243; th&#7875; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7851;n c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng c&#249;ng n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#236; kh&#225;c.</p><p>Kho&#7843;n l&#227;i &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh ngay t&#7915; ng&#224;y &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n.</p><p>N&#243; kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh theo l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, khi k&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t t&#259;ng, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u g&#7847;n nh&#432; lu&#244;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><h1><strong>5. V&#236; sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u theo d&#245;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t s&#225;t h&#417;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u?</strong></h1><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n:</p><ul><li><p>Doanh thu</p></li><li><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7893;i m&#7899;i c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;</p></li><li><p>Tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p></li></ul><p>Trong khi &#273;&#243;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i &#273;&#7863;t m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#417;n:</p><p><strong>&#272;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n m&#236;nh nh&#7853;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai s&#7869; c&#242;n gi&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao nhi&#234;u s&#7913;c mua?</strong></p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do c&#225;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u lu&#244;n theo d&#245;i r&#7845;t s&#225;t:</p><ul><li><p>CPI (Consumer Price Index &#8211; Ch&#7881; s&#7889; gi&#225; ti&#234;u d&#249;ng)</p></li><li><p>PCE (Personal Consumption Expenditures Price Index &#8211; Ch&#7881; s&#7889; gi&#225; chi ti&#234;u ti&#234;u d&#249;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n)</p></li><li><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch c&#7911;a FED</p></li><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t</p></li><li><p>V&#224; l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;.</p></li></ul><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i h&#7885;, th&#7901;i gian kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch.</p><p><strong>Th&#7901;i gian ch&#237;nh l&#224; r&#7911;i ro.</strong></p><h1><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></h1><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7841;o ra gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>V&#224;ng k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><p>C&#242;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; th&#7901;i gian.</p><p>V&#224; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t ch&#237;nh l&#224; c&#225;i gi&#225; m&#224; th&#7901;i gian c&#243; th&#7875; l&#7845;y &#273;i.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; v&#236; v&#7853;y, &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;,</p><p>kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n nh&#236;n v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n.</p><p>&#272;&#244;i khi,</p><p>ch&#237;nh th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u m&#7899;i l&#224; n&#417;i n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#273;ang &#226;m th&#7847;m th&#432;&#417;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng v&#7873; <strong>gi&#225; c&#7911;a th&#7901;i gian</strong>.</p><p>V&#224; m&#7895;i khi l&#7841;m ph&#225;t thay &#273;&#7893;i,</p><p>cu&#7897;c th&#432;&#417;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng &#7845;y l&#7841;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>READ MORE</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;b8bda9fd-1778-44e8-bb1f-2b4e9a0bbe67&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When investors talk about portfolio defense, gold usually comes first.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Silver and Portfolio Thinking: When Defense Is No Longer Simple&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-08T02:55:33.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/silver-and-portfolio-thinking-when&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193033573,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ef5aae33-9c02-49ae-8140-aa91eb883f0f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-12T03:07:00.230Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:197299190,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?]]></title><description><![CDATA[The Federal Reserve sets short-term rates, but long-term borrowing costs are often determined elsewhere.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 12:45:01 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png" width="1456" height="841" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:841,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:177922,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/203238394?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.</p><p>That may sound strange.</p><p>Most of us are taught that the Federal Reserve controls interest rates.</p><p>The Fed raises/cuts rates and determines the cost of money in the economy.</p><p>And that&#8217;s true.</p><p>But only partly true.</p><p>Because there is a more interesting reality:</p><p>Central banks control short-term interest rates.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Bond markets shape long-term interest rates.</p><p>And in many cases, it is long-term rates that have the greatest influence on the economy.</p><h2><strong>1. What Does the Fed Actually Control?</strong></h2><p>When the Federal Reserve raises or lowers rates, the policy rate it directly controls is the <strong>Federal Funds Rate</strong>.</p><p>This is the overnight lending rate between commercial banks.</p><p>It serves as the starting point of the financial system.</p><p>But it is not the entire system.</p><p>A family buying a home does not borrow money overnight.</p><p>A company building a factory does not finance a project for one week.</p><p>Major economic decisions often involve cash flows stretching years, or even decades, into the future.</p><p>That is why the most important rates for the economy are not overnight rates.</p><p>They are the rates associated with five-year, ten-year, or even twenty-year borrowing.</p><p>And that is where the bond market enters the story.</p><h2><strong>2. The Bond Market Prices the Future</strong></h2><p>Every day, trillions of dollars are traded in the <strong>U.S. Treasury Market</strong>.</p><p>This is where some of the world&#8217;s largest investors &#8212; pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds, and central banks &#8212; decide whether they are willing to lend money to the U.S. government.</p><p>When an investor buys a 10-year U.S. Treasury bond, they are doing more than purchasing a financial asset.</p><p>They are making a judgment about the future.</p><p>They are thinking about:</p><ul><li><p>Inflation.</p></li><li><p>Economic growth.</p></li><li><p>Monetary policy.</p></li><li><p>Financial risks.</p></li><li><p>Government creditworthiness.</p></li></ul><p>In other words:</p><p>Bond yields are the price of expectations.</p><p>If investors believe inflation will remain elevated, they will demand higher yields.</p><p>If they expect slower growth or weaker economic conditions, they may accept lower yields.</p><p>The interesting part is that the Federal Reserve does not directly set those yields.</p><p>The market does.</p><p>Millions of participants do.</p><h2><strong>3. The Yield Curve: A Conversation Between the Present and the Future</strong></h2><p>One of the most fascinating tools in finance is the <strong>Yield Curve</strong>.</p><p>The yield curve is simply a chart that shows the yields of U.S. Treasury bonds across different maturities:</p><ul><li><p>3 months</p></li><li><p>2 years</p></li><li><p>5 years</p></li><li><p>10 years</p></li><li><p>30 years</p></li></ul><p>Under normal conditions, longer-term bonds offer higher yields than shorter-term bonds.</p><p>After all, lending money for thirty years involves more uncertainty than lending for three months.</p><p>As a result, the yield curve typically slopes upward.</p><p>But not always.</p><p>Sometimes short-term yields rise above long-term yields.</p><p>This phenomenon is known as an:</p><p>Inverted Yield Curve.</p><p>When that happens, the market is sending a powerful message:</p><p>Investors believe future economic growth may weaken.</p><p>Historically, inverted yield curves have preceded many U.S. recessions.</p><p>That is why investors watch them so closely.</p><p>Not because of the chart itself.</p><p>But because of what it reveals about market expectations.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;48d587cf-6c90-4878-a3a0-a0ac00db25ab&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.412Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. When the Bond Market Challenges the Central Bank</strong></h2><p>There are times when the Federal Reserve wants interest rates to fall.</p><p>Yet bond yields continue to rise.</p><p>At first glance, that seems contradictory.</p><p>But it happens more often than many people realize.</p><p>If bond investors become concerned that inflation may return, they may start selling bonds.</p><p>When bond prices fall, yields rise.</p><p>Higher yields increase borrowing costs throughout the economy.</p><p>Regardless of what the central bank might prefer.</p><p>In other words:</p><p>The Fed can set the policy rate.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>But the bond market determines whether the economy believes in that policy.</p><p>This is one reason why economists sometimes describe the bond market as:</p><p>&#8220;The disciplinarian of the financial system.&#8221;</p><p>Because ultimately, no central bank can force investors to lend money at rates they consider unacceptable.</p><h2><strong>5. So Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?</strong></h2><p>Perhaps the answer is not the Fed.</p><p>And perhaps it is not the market alone either.</p><p>The cost of capital emerges from the interaction between both.</p><p>The central bank sends signals.</p><p>The market responds.</p><p>The central bank adjusts.</p><p>The market reassesses.</p><p>It is a continuous conversation.</p><p>But if there is one lesson worth remembering, it may be this:</p><p>Don&#8217;t focus only on the interest rate announced by the Fed.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Pay attention to the bond yields being priced by the market.</p><p>Because sometimes the most important question is not what the central bank wants.</p><p>It is what the market believes.</p><p>And in finance, belief often shapes the cost of capital more than administrative authority ever can.</p><p>That is why I increasingly view the bond market as more than just another corner of finance.</p><p>The bond market is where the financial system evaluates itself.</p><p>And if we want to understand the flow of money, we may need to watch the bond market before we watch the stock market.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e9098a19-325e-4a0d-9683-73cbdd39836d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>Ai Th&#7921;c S&#7921; Ki&#7875;m So&#225;t Chi Ph&#237; V&#7889;n?</strong></h1><p>&#272;&#244;i khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u c&#242;n quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c h&#417;n c&#7843; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng.</p><p>Nghe c&#243; v&#7867; k&#7923; l&#7841;.</p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7841;y r&#7857;ng Fed quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng t&#259;ng/gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t v&#224; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n c&#7911;a n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; &#273;&#250;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#250;ng m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; c&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7921; th&#7853;t th&#250; v&#7883; h&#417;n:</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#227;i su&#7845;t ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u m&#7899;i l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>V&#224; trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, ch&#237;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t d&#224;i h&#7841;n m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p><h2><strong>1. Fed th&#7921;c s&#7921; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?</strong></h2><p>Khi Fed t&#259;ng ho&#7863;c gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t, th&#7913; m&#224; h&#7885; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#224; <strong>l&#227;i su&#7845;t qu&#7929; li&#234;n bang M&#7929; (Federal Funds Rate)</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7913;c l&#227;i su&#7845;t cho vay qua &#273;&#234;m gi&#7919;a c&#225;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i.</p><p>N&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t&#8221; c&#7911;a to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t gia &#273;&#236;nh mua nh&#224; kh&#244;ng vay ti&#7873;n qua &#273;&#234;m.</p><p>M&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p x&#226;y d&#7921;ng nh&#224; m&#225;y kh&#244;ng vay trong m&#7897;t tu&#7847;n.</p><p>C&#225;c quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; l&#7899;n th&#432;&#7901;ng k&#233;o d&#224;i nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m, th&#7853;m ch&#237; nhi&#7873;u th&#7853;p k&#7927;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#7921;c s&#7921; quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; l&#227;i su&#7845;t qua &#273;&#234;m.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; l&#227;i su&#7845;t 5 n&#259;m.</p><p>10 n&#259;m.</p><p>20 n&#259;m.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; n&#417;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n.</p><h2><strong>2. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u &#273;ang &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; t&#432;&#417;ng lai</strong></h2><p>M&#7895;i ng&#224;y, h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n t&#7927; USD &#273;&#432;&#7907;c giao d&#7883;ch tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng <strong>tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; (U.S. Treasury Market)</strong>.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; n&#417;i c&#225;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#8212; t&#7915; qu&#7929; h&#432;u tr&#237;, c&#244;ng ty b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia &#8212; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh h&#7885; c&#243; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng cho Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; M&#7929; vay ti&#7873;n hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>Khi m&#7897;t nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; mua tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; k&#7923; h&#7841;n 10 n&#259;m, h&#7885; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; mua m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><p>H&#7885; &#273;ang &#273;&#432;a ra m&#7897;t nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>H&#7885; &#273;ang suy ngh&#297; v&#7873;:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;.</p></li><li><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p></li><li><p>R&#7911;i ro t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng tr&#7843; n&#7907; c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;.</p></li></ul><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><p>L&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#224; gi&#225; c&#7911;a k&#7923; v&#7885;ng.</p><p>N&#7871;u nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tin r&#7857;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t s&#7869; cao h&#417;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai, h&#7885; s&#7869; y&#234;u c&#7847;u m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n.</p><p>N&#7871;u h&#7885; tin n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; s&#7869; suy y&#7871;u, h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t th&#7845;p h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224; Fed kh&#244;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#7919;ng m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>H&#224;ng tri&#7879;u ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><h2><strong>3. &#272;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t: Cu&#7897;c tr&#242; chuy&#7879;n gi&#7919;a hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng lai</strong></h2><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; th&#250; v&#7883; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#224; <strong>&#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t (Yield Curve)</strong>.</p><p>Hay c&#242;n g&#7885;i l&#224; bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n l&#7907;i su&#7845;t c&#7911;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u Kho b&#7841;c M&#7929; &#7903; nhi&#7873;u k&#7923; h&#7841;n kh&#225;c nhau:</p><ul><li><p>3 th&#225;ng</p></li><li><p>2 n&#259;m</p></li><li><p>5 n&#259;m</p></li><li><p>10 n&#259;m</p></li><li><p>30 n&#259;m</p></li></ul><p>Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; s&#7869; y&#234;u c&#7847;u m&#7913;c l&#7907;i su&#7845;t cao h&#417;n cho c&#225;c kho&#7843;n vay d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>V&#236; r&#7911;i ro trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai lu&#244;n l&#7899;n h&#417;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>Do &#273;&#243;, &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7889;c l&#234;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng v&#7853;y.</p><p>&#272;&#244;i khi, l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n l&#7841;i cao h&#417;n l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>Hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224;:</p><p>&#272;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c (Inverted Yield Curve).</p><p>Khi &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; x&#7843;y ra, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang g&#7917;i &#273;i m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u m&#7841;nh m&#7869;:</p><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tin r&#7857;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871; trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai s&#7869; y&#7871;u &#273;i.</p><p>Trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917;, hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong l&#7907;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n tr&#432;&#7899;c nhi&#7873;u cu&#7897;c suy tho&#225;i kinh t&#7871; t&#7841;i M&#7929;.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; theo d&#245;i n&#243; r&#7845;t s&#225;t.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; m&#7897;t bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891;.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; n&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh c&#225;ch th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;55ece660-561a-48b2-8e73-97f2cba4a662&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When people think about bonds, they usually think about an investment product.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Bonds Are Not Investment Products. They Are Debt Instruments.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-16T12:06:10.609Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202271274,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. Khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#225;ch th&#7913;c ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng</strong></h2><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m Fed mu&#7889;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t gi&#7843;m.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i t&#259;ng.</p><p>Nghe c&#243; v&#7867; m&#226;u thu&#7851;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y x&#7843;y ra th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n h&#417;n ch&#250;ng ta ngh&#297;.</p><p>N&#7871;u c&#225;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u lo ng&#7841;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t s&#7869; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i, h&#7885; s&#7869; b&#225;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Khi gi&#225; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m, l&#7907;i su&#7845;t t&#259;ng.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; khi&#7871;n chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n trong n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; t&#259;ng l&#234;n.</p><p>B&#7845;t k&#7875; Fed c&#243; mong mu&#7889;n &#273;i&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><p>Fed c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7863;t ra m&#7913;c l&#227;i su&#7845;t ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh li&#7879;u n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; tin v&#224;o m&#7913;c l&#227;i su&#7845;t &#273;&#243; hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; kinh t&#7871; g&#7885;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#224;:</p><p>&#8220;Ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7921;c thi k&#7927; lu&#7853;t c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.&#8221;</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; &#233;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng cho vay v&#7899;i m&#7913;c l&#227;i su&#7845;t m&#224; h&#7885; kh&#244;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n.</p><h2><strong>5. V&#7853;y ai th&#7921;c s&#7921; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n?</strong></h2><p>C&#243; l&#7869; c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; Fed.</p><p>V&#224; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n l&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#236;nh th&#224;nh t&#7915; s&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c li&#234;n t&#7909;c gi&#7919;a c&#7843; hai.</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;a ra t&#237;n hi&#7879;u.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i.</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i kh&#244;ng ng&#7915;ng ngh&#7881;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u ph&#7843;i r&#250;t ra m&#7897;t b&#224;i h&#7885;c quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t, c&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#243; l&#224;:</p><p>&#272;&#7915;ng ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o l&#227;i su&#7845;t m&#224; Fed c&#244;ng b&#7889;.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>H&#227;y nh&#236;n v&#224;o l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; &#273;&#244;i khi, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng mu&#7889;n g&#236;.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tin &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;.</p><p>V&#224; trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, ni&#7873;m tin th&#432;&#7901;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c h&#224;nh ch&#237;nh.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do t&#244;i ng&#224;y c&#224;ng ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng:</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t g&#243;c nh&#7887; c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>N&#243; l&#224; n&#417;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh t&#7921; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh.</p><p>V&#224; n&#7871;u mu&#7889;n hi&#7875;u d&#242;ng ch&#7843;y c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n, &#273;&#244;i khi ch&#250;ng ta n&#234;n nh&#236;n v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u tr&#432;&#7899;c khi nh&#236;n v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;aa18165d-e8b4-481b-a25b-de572c766bfd&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Reality changes slowly. Stock prices change very fast.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Stocks Crash Faster Than Reality Changes&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-18T02:34:04.011Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-stocks-crash-faster-than-reality&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198202464,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1714aea7-199d-470e-9249-1f0bdd1054af&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.]]></title><description><![CDATA[When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2026 03:19:33 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp" width="1200" height="801" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:801,&quot;width&quot;:1200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:147342,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/webp&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/202798370?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><span data-color="rgb(31, 31, 31)" style="color: rgb(31, 31, 31);">Fed Governor Kevin Warsh at a press conference on June 17, 2026, in Washington, USA. Photo: AFP</span></figcaption></figure></div><p>When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.</p><p>The decision had been widely expected.</p><p>There was no policy shock.</p><p>No dramatic move.</p><p>No major shift in the federal funds rate.</p><p>But sometimes, the most important part of a Fed meeting is not the interest rate decision itself.</p><p>It&#8217;s the message behind it.</p><p>And this time, that message may prove far more significant than the decision to hold rates steady.</p><h2><strong>1. Kevin Warsh&#8217;s First Meeting as Fed Chair</strong></h2><p>Kevin Warsh assumes leadership of the Federal Reserve at a delicate moment.</p><p>Inflation has fallen considerably from its post-pandemic highs.</p><p>Yet it remains above the Fed&#8217;s long-term 2% target.</p><p>At the same time, markets have been hoping for lower rates to support growth and ease financial conditions.</p><p>This leaves the Fed facing a difficult balancing act.</p><p>Cut rates too early, and inflation could reaccelerate.</p><p>Keep rates elevated for too long, and economic growth could slow more than desired.</p><p>That is the challenge Warsh inherited.</p><p>And his first decision was clear:</p><p>Hold rates steady.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>But maintain a firm stance against inflation.</p><h2><strong>2. The Fed Didn&#8217;t Raise Rates. But It Didn&#8217;t Turn Dovish Either.</strong></h2><p>Markets often interpret Fed decisions through a simple lens:</p><ul><li><p>Hawkish</p></li><li><p>Dovish</p></li></ul><p>At first glance, holding rates unchanged might appear dovish.</p><p>But that is not the message the Fed delivered.</p><p>Throughout the meeting, policymakers emphasized that inflation remains a meaningful risk.</p><p>Rate cuts are not the immediate priority.</p><p>And if inflationary pressures persist, the Fed remains prepared to keep policy restrictive for longer than markets may currently expect.</p><p>In other words:</p><p>The Fed did not act.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>But it also did not want markets to believe that the inflation battle is over.</p><p>That distinction matters.</p><p>Because monetary policy is not only about current rates.</p><p>It is also about expectations.</p><h2><strong>3. A Bigger Change May Be Happening Inside the Fed</strong></h2><p>The most interesting aspect of this meeting was not the rate decision.</p><p>It was the way the Fed communicated.</p><p>For more than a decade, under Ben Bernanke, Janet Yellen, and Jerome Powell, the Federal Reserve increasingly relied on tools designed to guide market expectations:</p><ul><li><p>The Dot Plot</p></li><li><p>Economic projections</p></li><li><p>Forward guidance</p></li><li><p>Detailed post-meeting communication</p></li></ul><p>The Fed effectively became a central bank that tried to help markets predict its next move.</p><p>Kevin Warsh has long expressed skepticism toward that approach.</p><p>He has argued that excessive guidance can create unnecessary dependence on central bank communication and limit policymakers&#8217; flexibility.</p><p>One subtle but revealing detail from this meeting was that Warsh did not submit his own forecast to the Dot Plot.</p><p>On the surface, it may seem insignificant.</p><p>But symbolically, it suggests a different philosophy.</p><p>Instead of helping markets predict every future decision, Warsh may prefer that investors focus more on economic data and less on deciphering every word from the Federal Reserve.</p><p>If Powell&#8217;s Fed was focused on guiding markets,</p><p>Warsh&#8217;s Fed may be more focused on letting markets interpret reality for themselves.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fcc578b6-cb01-4e05-8c90-7c95055b4748&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. &#8220;Price Stability&#8221; Is Back at the Center</strong></h2><p>If there was one phrase that defined Warsh&#8217;s first press conference, it was:</p><p>Price Stability.</p><p>Again and again, he emphasized the importance of controlling inflation.</p><p>That sends a clear signal.</p><p>The Fed is not ready to declare victory.</p><p>The Fed does not want markets assuming that aggressive rate cuts are just around the corner.</p><p>The credibility of inflation control remains the institution&#8217;s primary objective.</p><p>Only after that comes supporting growth.</p><p>Markets seemed to understand the message immediately.</p><p>Treasury yields moved higher.</p><p>Equities faced pressure.</p><p>Expectations for future rate cuts were pushed further into the future.</p><p>The takeaway was simple:</p><p>Money is no longer getting more expensive.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>But it is not getting cheaper either.</p><h2><strong>5. What Does This Mean for Investors?</strong></h2><p>In the short term, holding rates steady is supportive.</p><p>At the very least, borrowing costs are not moving higher.</p><p>Businesses avoid another round of tightening.</p><p>Financial conditions remain relatively stable.</p><p>But the longer-term implications are more important.</p><p>If the Fed keeps rates elevated for longer:</p><ul><li><p>Equity valuations may remain constrained.</p></li><li><p>Speculative capital may struggle to return in force.</p></li><li><p>Bonds could remain more attractive than many investors expect.</p></li><li><p>The U.S. dollar may continue to benefit from higher relative rates.</p></li></ul><p>This is an environment where asset quality matters more than liquidity-driven optimism.</p><p>Investors may need to rely more on fundamentals and less on expectations of monetary easing.</p><h2><strong>Conclusion: The Beginning of a New Era?</strong></h2><p>The June meeting did not deliver a surprise rate hike.</p><p>But it may have marked the beginning of something more important.</p><p>A shift in how the Federal Reserve sees its own role.</p><p>Under Jerome Powell, the Fed spent years helping markets anticipate the future.</p><p>Under Kevin Warsh, the institution may be moving toward a different model.</p><p>Less guidance.</p><p>Less forecasting.</p><p>Less dependence on central bank signaling.</p><p>And a renewed focus on price stability.</p><p>If that shift proves real, the June 2026 meeting may not be remembered because the Fed held rates steady.</p><p>It may be remembered as the moment a new chapter began.</p><p>Because sometimes the biggest changes in financial markets do not start with a rate move.</p><p>They start with a change in how the central bank thinks.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ea3289fb-ebfb-4576-bc86-cdbd5c3d9e7f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When people think about bonds, they usually think about an investment product.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Bonds Are Not Investment Products. They Are Debt Instruments.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-16T12:06:10.609Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202271274,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>Fed gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t. Nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t k&#7927; nguy&#234;n m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; v&#7915;a b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u.</strong></h1><p>Khi Fed c&#244;ng b&#7889; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t trong cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i t&#226;n Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch Kevin Warsh, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng b&#7845;t ng&#7901;.</p><p>Quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7921; b&#225;o t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c.</p><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t qu&#7929; li&#234;n bang v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n &#7903; v&#249;ng hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#250; s&#7889;c ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n v&#7873; m&#7863;t h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#244;i khi, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t trong m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p c&#7911;a Fed l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p.</p><p>V&#224; th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p l&#7847;n n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c Fed gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><h2><strong>1. Cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#7911;a Kevin Warsh</strong></h2><p>Kevin Warsh ti&#7871;p qu&#7843;n Fed trong m&#7897;t b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh kh&#225; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t.</p><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#273;&#227; gi&#7843;m &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; so v&#7899;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7881;nh &#273;i&#7875;m sau &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n ch&#432;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; quay v&#7873; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u 2%.</p><p>Trong khi &#273;&#243;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7841;i &#273;ang k&#7923; v&#7885;ng Fed s&#7869; s&#7899;m n&#7899;i l&#7887;ng ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;t Fed v&#224;o m&#7897;t v&#7883; th&#7871; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; d&#7877; d&#224;ng.</p><p>N&#7871;u c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t qu&#225; s&#7899;m, l&#7841;m ph&#225;t c&#243; th&#7875; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i.</p><p>N&#7871;u duy tr&#236; l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao qu&#225; l&#226;u, t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n m&#224; Kevin Warsh ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t tr&#234;n c&#432;&#417;ng v&#7883; Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch Fed.</p><p>V&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n c&#7911;a &#244;ng l&#224;:</p><p>Gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c duy tr&#236; l&#7853;p tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7913;ng r&#7855;n &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p><h2><strong>2. Fed kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t. Nh&#432;ng Fed c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng &#244;n h&#242;a h&#417;n.</strong></h2><p>Nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng nh&#236;n m&#7885;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a Fed theo hai tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i:</p><ul><li><p>Hawkish (di&#7873;u h&#226;u)</p></li><li><p>Dovish (b&#7891; c&#226;u)</p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#243; th&#7875; ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng Fed &#273;ang tr&#7903; n&#234;n m&#7873;m m&#7887;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; kh&#244;ng h&#7859;n nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><p>Trong cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p l&#7847;n n&#224;y, Fed ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#7851;n l&#224; r&#7911;i ro c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c theo d&#245;i.</p><p>Vi&#7879;c c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t ch&#432;a ph&#7843;i &#432;u ti&#234;n.</p><p>V&#224; n&#7871;u c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t, Fed v&#7851;n s&#7861;n s&#224;ng duy tr&#236; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t l&#226;u h&#417;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><p>Fed kh&#244;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng Fed c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng mu&#7889;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng cu&#7897;c chi&#7871;n ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#273;&#227; k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><h2><strong>3. M&#7897;t thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra b&#234;n trong Fed</strong></h2><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p l&#7847;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; c&#225;ch Fed giao ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m qua, d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Ben Bernanke, Janet Yellen v&#224; Jerome Powell, Fed ng&#224;y c&#224;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nhi&#7873;u c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Dot Plot</p></li><li><p>SEP (Summary of Economic Projections)</p></li><li><p>Forward Guidance</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p b&#225;o sau FOMC</p></li></ul><p>Fed g&#7847;n nh&#432; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng gi&#250;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng Kevin Warsh t&#7915; l&#226;u &#273;&#227; c&#243; quan &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c.</p><p>&#212;ng nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch vi&#7879;c Fed &#273;&#432;a ra qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u d&#7921; b&#225;o v&#224; qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u t&#237;n hi&#7879;u.</p><p>Theo Warsh, &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n Fed t&#7921; r&#224;ng bu&#7897;c m&#236;nh v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n m&#224; sau n&#224;y kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ph&#249; h&#7907;p.</p><p>M&#7897;t chi ti&#7871;t &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; l&#224; trong cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p l&#7847;n n&#224;y, &#244;ng kh&#244;ng g&#7917;i d&#7921; b&#225;o c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#224;o Dot Plot.</p><p>&#272;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t chi ti&#7871;t nh&#7887;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; cho th&#7845;y c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n c&#7911;a &#244;ng c&#243; ph&#7847;n kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#7873;n nhi&#7879;m.</p><p>C&#243; v&#7867; nh&#432; Warsh mu&#7889;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7853;p trung nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#224;o d&#7919; li&#7879;u kinh t&#7871; th&#7921;c t&#7871; thay v&#236; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng gi&#7843;i m&#227; t&#7915;ng c&#226;u ch&#7919; t&#7915; Fed.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e999abe7-8510-4048-b29d-f587e80aa194&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-23T02:15:00.387Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198915652,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. &#8220;&#7892;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7843;&#8221; &#273;ang tr&#7903; l&#7841;i trung t&#226;m</strong></h2><p>N&#7871;u c&#243; m&#7897;t c&#7909;m t&#7915; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nhi&#7873;u nh&#7845;t trong cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#7911;a Kevin Warsh, &#273;&#243; c&#243; l&#7869; l&#224;:</p><p>Price Stability.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>&#7892;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7843;.</p><p>Trong bu&#7893;i h&#7885;p b&#225;o &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n, Warsh li&#234;n t&#7909;c nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh m&#7909;c ti&#234;u ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#7841;m ph&#225;t.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y g&#7917;i &#273;i m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u kh&#225; r&#245; r&#224;ng.</p><p>Fed ch&#432;a s&#7861;n s&#224;ng tuy&#234;n b&#7889; chi&#7871;n th&#7855;ng.</p><p>Fed ch&#432;a mu&#7889;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t s&#7869; s&#7899;m gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh.</p><p>Fed mu&#7889;n duy tr&#236; uy t&#237;n ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ngh&#297; t&#7899;i vi&#7879;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do sau cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u M&#7929; t&#259;ng.</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n M&#7929; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c.</p></li><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7855;t gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh.</p></li></ul><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng:</p><p>Ti&#7873;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7855;t h&#417;n.</p><blockquote></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng ch&#432;a r&#7867; &#273;i.</p><h2><strong>5. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a g&#236; v&#7899;i nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;?</strong></h2><p>Trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, vi&#7879;c Fed kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t l&#224; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u t&#237;ch c&#7921;c.</p><p>&#205;t nh&#7845;t, chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng.</p><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i m&#7897;t &#273;&#7907;t th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t m&#7899;i.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#7873; d&#224;i h&#7841;n, th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p l&#7847;n n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n b&#7843;n th&#226;n quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#7871;u Fed duy tr&#236; m&#7863;t b&#7857;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao l&#226;u h&#417;n:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n.</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7847;u c&#417; kh&#243; t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh.</p></li><li><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#7845;p d&#7851;n h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7891;ng USD c&#243; th&#7875; duy tr&#236; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#7847;n t&#7853;p trung nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#224;o ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n thay v&#236; ch&#7881; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng v&#224;o thanh kho&#7843;n.</p><h2><strong>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n: C&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a m&#7897;t k&#7927; nguy&#234;n m&#7899;i</strong></h2><p>Cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p th&#225;ng 6 kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t c&#250; s&#7889;c l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#225;ch Fed nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh.</p><p>D&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Jerome Powell, Fed c&#7889; g&#7855;ng gi&#250;p th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>D&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Kevin Warsh, Fed c&#243; v&#7867; mu&#7889;n quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i m&#7897;t m&#244; h&#236;nh kh&#225;c.</p><p>&#205;t h&#7913;a h&#7865;n h&#417;n.</p><p>&#205;t &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>&#205;t ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225;c d&#7921; b&#225;o h&#417;n.</p><p>V&#224; t&#7853;p trung nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#224;o m&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7843;.</p><p>N&#7871;u &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; x&#7843;y ra, cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p th&#225;ng 6/2026 c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7899; &#273;&#7871;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; Fed gi&#7919; nguy&#234;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng m&#7899;i c&#7911;a Fed b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi, nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>Ch&#250;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#7857;ng s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#225;ch ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng suy ngh&#297;.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read more</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;8625ec9c-4872-4333-879e-899a66995796&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;37279565-2d32-4703-9a8c-653f553c9fbf&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bonds Are Not Investment Products. They Are Debt Instruments.]]></title><description><![CDATA[When people think about bonds, they usually think about an investment product.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-not-investment-products</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 12:06:10 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1828453,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/202271274?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tqT7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa559d22e-fd03-479f-b23c-58f8a6e89bcd_3940x2217.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>When people think about bonds, they usually think about an investment product.</p><p>A fixed-income asset.</p><p>Less volatile than stocks.</p><p>Suitable for conservative investors.</p><p>That perspective isn&#8217;t wrong.</p><p>But it only reflects the viewpoint of the buyer.</p><p>To truly understand bonds, we should start from the other side of the transaction.</p><p>The borrower.</p><p>Because before a bond becomes an investment, it is fundamentally a debt instrument.</p><h2><strong>1. Bonds Are Not a Modern Invention</strong></h2><p>The idea behind bonds existed long before modern stock markets.</p><p>As early as the 12th and 13th centuries, Italian city-states issued debt certificates to finance wars and public projects.</p><p>In exchange, lenders received periodic payments in the future.</p><p>At its core, the structure was not very different from today&#8217;s bonds.</p><p>One party needed capital.</p><p>Another party had capital.</p><p>The two entered into an agreement.</p><p>The borrower promised to repay both principal and interest in the future.</p><p>The lender agreed to give up the use of money today in exchange for future income.</p><p>Over hundreds of years, the form has evolved.</p><p>But the essence has remained remarkably consistent.</p><p>A bond is still a mechanism that transfers capital from those who have it to those who need it.</p><h2><strong>2. Every Bond Begins with a Need for Capital</strong></h2><p>Imagine a company that wants to build a new factory.</p><p>It needs billions of dollars to fund the project.</p><p>There are several ways to raise that capital.</p><p>It can borrow from a bank.</p><p>It can issue new shares.</p><p>Or it can issue bonds.</p><p>When a company issues bonds, it is effectively telling the market:</p><p>&#8220;Lend me money today, and I will pay you back in the future.&#8221;</p><p>That is the fundamental nature of a bond.</p><p>A promise.</p><p>Nothing more.</p><p>Nothing less.</p><p>At its simplest, every bond contains three key elements:</p><ul><li><p>Principal (the amount borrowed)</p></li><li><p>Coupon rate (the interest paid)</p></li><li><p>Maturity date</p></li></ul><p>For example, if a company issues a five-year bond with a face value of $100,000 and a coupon rate of 8%, it is borrowing $100,000 today and promising to make interest payments before returning the principal at maturity.</p><p>Behind this seemingly simple structure lies one of the largest markets in the global financial system.</p><h2><strong>3. Stocks Represent Ownership. Bonds Represent Obligation.</strong></h2><p>This is perhaps the most important distinction between the two asset classes.</p><p>When you buy a stock, you become an owner.</p><p>You participate in both the success and failure of the business.</p><p>If the company grows, you benefit.</p><p>If the company struggles, you bear part of the downside.</p><p>When you buy a bond, your role is completely different.</p><p>You are not an owner.</p><p>You are a creditor.</p><p>Your primary concern is not how much the company can grow.</p><p>Your primary concern is much simpler:</p><p>Can the borrower repay the debt as promised?</p><p>That mindset changes everything.</p><p>Viewed this way, stocks and bonds are not simply different investment vehicles.</p><p>They represent fundamentally different relationships within the economy.</p><p>One is ownership.</p><p>The other is obligation.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ce0ec421-ecbf-43f9-9568-5ea1059c3d1d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. The Bond Market Is Ultimately a Market of Trust</strong></h2><p>Whenever investors buy a bond, they are making a straightforward bet:</p><p>The borrower will honor its promise.</p><p>This applies to corporations.</p><p>It also applies to governments.</p><p>When trust is high, borrowers can raise capital at lower costs.</p><p>When trust deteriorates, borrowing costs rise.</p><p>And in extreme cases, the market may stop lending altogether.</p><p>From this perspective, bond yields are not merely a reflection of interest rates.</p><p>They are a reflection of trust.</p><p>The yield investors demand reflects the confidence they have in the borrower&#8217;s ability to repay.</p><p>Perhaps this is why the bond market is often viewed as one of the most disciplined parts of the financial system.</p><p>Stories and narratives matter less.</p><p>Cash flows and repayment capacity matter more.</p><h2><strong>5. Why Is the Bond Market Larger Than the Stock Market?</strong></h2><p>This was something that surprised me when I first learned about financial markets.</p><p>Most conversations about investing revolve around stocks.</p><p>Financial news focuses on stock indices.</p><p>Retail investors discuss growth opportunities and market rallies.</p><p>Yet globally, the bond market is larger than the stock market.</p><p>The reason is simple.</p><p>Every economy needs capital.</p><p>Governments need capital to operate.</p><p>Businesses need capital to expand.</p><p>Financial institutions need capital to function.</p><p>Before growth can happen, growth must be financed.</p><p>And bonds are one of the primary tools used to make that possible.</p><p>If stocks tell the story of what the economy might become,</p><p>bonds tell the story of how the economy is financed today.</p><h2><strong>6. Perhaps We Have Been Looking at Bonds the Wrong Way</strong></h2><p>The longer I observe financial markets, the more I feel that many investors start with stocks and only later explore bonds.</p><p>In reality, the order may deserve to be reversed.</p><p>Because bonds sit closer to the foundation of the financial system.</p><p>They tell us:</p><ul><li><p>Who needs capital.</p></li><li><p>Who is providing capital.</p></li><li><p>Whether the cost of capital is rising or falling.</p></li><li><p>Whether trust in the system is strengthening or weakening.</p></li></ul><p>Stocks tell the story of growth.</p><p>Bonds tell the story of the capital that makes growth possible.</p><p>And perhaps that is what makes bonds far more interesting than they first appear.</p><p>Not because they are investment products.</p><p>But because they are promises.</p><p>And every financial system is ultimately built on promises that people believe will be kept.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;09f6ddca-8b84-4438-9d84-7a2682e82a2e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;If I had to describe the stock market in a single word, I wouldn&#8217;t choose &#8220;stocks.&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are a Social System, Not Just an Asset&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-11T02:33:42.382Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-a-social-system-not-just&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201540614,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h2><strong>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, m&#224; l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; vay n&#7907;</strong></h2><p>Khi nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297; v&#7873; m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p><p>M&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#243; l&#7907;i su&#7845;t c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>&#205;t bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng h&#417;n c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng.</p><p>C&#225;ch nh&#236;n &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng sai.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh g&#243;c nh&#236;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i mua.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; th&#7921;c s&#7921; hi&#7875;u tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, c&#243; l&#7869; ch&#250;ng ta n&#234;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; ph&#237;a b&#234;n kia c&#7911;a giao d&#7883;ch.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i vay.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; vay n&#7907;.</p><h2><strong>1. Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#7921;c ra kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t ph&#225;t minh m&#7899;i</strong></h2><p>&#221; t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#7873; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; r&#7845;t l&#226;u tr&#432;&#7899;c khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i ra &#273;&#7901;i.</p><p>T&#7915; th&#7901;i c&#225;c th&#224;nh bang &#7903; &#221; v&#224;o th&#7871; k&#7927; 12 v&#224; 13, ch&#237;nh quy&#7873;n &#273;&#227; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng gi&#7845;y ch&#7913;ng nh&#7853;n n&#7907; &#273;&#7875; t&#224;i tr&#7907; cho chi&#7871;n tranh v&#224; c&#225;c c&#244;ng tr&#236;nh c&#244;ng c&#7897;ng.</p><p>&#272;&#7893;i l&#7841;i, ng&#432;&#7901;i cho vay s&#7869; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;c kho&#7843;n thanh to&#225;n &#273;&#7883;nh k&#7923; trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>V&#7873; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t, m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng kh&#225;c nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ng&#224;y nay.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n c&#7847;n v&#7889;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n c&#243; v&#7889;n.</p><p>Hai b&#234;n k&#253; k&#7871;t m&#7897;t l&#7901;i h&#7913;a.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i vay cam k&#7871;t ho&#224;n tr&#7843; c&#7843; g&#7889;c l&#7851;n l&#227;i trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i cho vay ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n t&#7915; b&#7887; quy&#7873;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ti&#7873;n &#7903; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7893;i l&#7845;y m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n thu nh&#7853;p trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>Tr&#7843;i qua h&#224;ng tr&#259;m n&#259;m, h&#236;nh th&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i, nh&#432;ng b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>N&#243; v&#7851;n l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#7875; chuy&#7875;n v&#7889;n t&#7915; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; ti&#7873;n sang ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7847;n ti&#7873;n.</p><h2><strong>2. M&#7895;i tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7873;u b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t nhu c&#7847;u v&#7873; v&#7889;n</strong></h2><p>H&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p mu&#7889;n x&#226;y d&#7921;ng m&#7897;t nh&#224; m&#225;y m&#7899;i.</p><p>H&#7885; c&#7847;n h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n t&#7927; &#273;&#7891;ng.</p><p>C&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#225;ch &#273;&#7875; huy &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7889; ti&#7873;n &#273;&#243;.</p><p>H&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; vay ng&#226;n h&#224;ng.</p><p>H&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh th&#234;m c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Ho&#7863;c h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Khi ph&#225;t h&#224;nh tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;ang n&#243;i v&#7899;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><p>&#8220;H&#227;y cho t&#244;i vay ti&#7873;n h&#244;m nay, v&#224; t&#244;i s&#7869; ho&#224;n tr&#7843; cho b&#7841;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.&#8221;</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>M&#7897;t l&#7901;i h&#7913;a.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng k&#233;m.</p><p>N&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, m&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; ba y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#417; b&#7843;n:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7879;nh gi&#225; (s&#7889; ti&#7873;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vay).</p></li><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u (coupon).</p></li><li><p>Th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#225;o h&#7841;n.</p></li></ul><p>V&#237; d&#7909;, n&#7871;u m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p ph&#225;t h&#224;nh tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u m&#7879;nh gi&#225; 100 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7891;ng v&#7899;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t 8% trong 5 n&#259;m, h&#7885; &#273;ang vay c&#7911;a nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; 100 tri&#7879;u &#273;&#7891;ng h&#244;m nay v&#224; cam k&#7871;t tr&#7843; l&#227;i &#273;&#7883;nh k&#7923; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ho&#224;n tr&#7843; to&#224;n b&#7897; g&#7889;c v&#224;o ng&#224;y &#273;&#225;o h&#7841;n.</p><p>&#272;&#7857;ng sau c&#7845;u tr&#250;c t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><h2><strong>3. C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho quy&#7873;n s&#7903; h&#7919;u, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho ngh&#297;a v&#7909;</strong></h2><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t gi&#7919;a hai lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><p>Khi mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u.</p><p>B&#7841;n c&#249;ng chia s&#7867; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng v&#224; th&#7845;t b&#7841;i c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>N&#7871;u doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7841;nh, b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7907;i.</p><p>N&#7871;u doanh nghi&#7879;p g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n, b&#7841;n c&#361;ng ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>Khi mua tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c.</p><p>B&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#7911; s&#7903; h&#7919;u.</p><p>B&#7841;n l&#224; ch&#7911; n&#7907;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u b&#7841;n quan t&#226;m kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng bao nhi&#234;u.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u b&#7841;n quan t&#226;m l&#224;:</p><p>Li&#7879;u doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7843; n&#7907; &#273;&#250;ng h&#7841;n hay kh&#244;ng?</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch suy ngh&#297; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c.</p><p>Nh&#236;n t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;y, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u v&#224; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; hai lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#225;c nhau.</p><p>Ch&#250;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh hai m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c nhau trong n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n l&#224; quy&#7873;n s&#7903; h&#7919;u.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n l&#224; ngh&#297;a v&#7909; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1f47c36f-847e-49dd-854c-15add02b7e34&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn&#8217;t in My Suitcase&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-08T03:20:14.564Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201091276,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a ni&#7873;m tin</strong></h2><p>Khi mua m&#7897;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;ang &#273;&#7863;t c&#432;&#7907;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i vay s&#7869; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#250;ng cam k&#7871;t c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; &#273;&#250;ng v&#7899;i doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#361;ng &#273;&#250;ng v&#7899;i ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;.</p><p>N&#7871;u ni&#7873;m tin cao, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i vay c&#243; th&#7875; huy &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7889;n v&#7899;i chi ph&#237; th&#7845;p.</p><p>N&#7871;u ni&#7873;m tin suy gi&#7843;m, chi ph&#237; vay s&#7869; t&#259;ng l&#234;n.</p><p>V&#224; trong m&#7897;t s&#7889; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#7921;c &#273;oan, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7915; ch&#7889;i cho vay ho&#224;n to&#224;n.</p><p>Nh&#236;n t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;y, l&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y m&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#224;nh cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i vay.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; r&#7911;i ro m&#7897;t c&#225;ch l&#7841;nh l&#249;ng nh&#7845;t.</p><p>&#7902; &#273;&#243;, c&#7843;m x&#250;c kh&#244;ng quan tr&#7885;ng b&#7857;ng kh&#7843; n&#259;ng tr&#7843; n&#7907;.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n h&#7845;p d&#7851;n kh&#244;ng quan tr&#7885;ng b&#7857;ng d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;.</p><h2><strong>5. T&#7841;i sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u?</strong></h2><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y t&#7915;ng khi&#7871;n t&#244;i ng&#7841;c nhi&#234;n.</p><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c cu&#7897;c tr&#242; chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;&#7873;u xoay quanh c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>C&#225;c b&#7843;n tin t&#224;i ch&#237;nh n&#243;i v&#7873; ch&#7881; s&#7889; ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n.</p><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#225; nh&#226;n n&#243;i v&#7873; c&#417; h&#7897;i t&#259;ng gi&#225;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng tr&#234;n quy m&#244; to&#224;n c&#7847;u, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>L&#253; do r&#7845;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>M&#7885;i n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#273;&#7873;u c&#7847;n v&#7889;n.</p><p>Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; c&#7847;n v&#7889;n &#273;&#7875; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</p><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p c&#7847;n v&#7889;n &#273;&#7875; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng.</p><p>C&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#7847;n v&#7889;n &#273;&#7875; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi c&#243; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng, ph&#7843;i c&#243; ngu&#7891;n t&#224;i tr&#7907; cho t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>V&#224; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p><p>N&#7871;u c&#7893; phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai,</p><p>th&#236; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; c&#225;ch n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#224;i tr&#7907; &#7903; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><h2><strong>6. C&#243; l&#7869; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; nh&#236;n tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u t&#7915; sai h&#432;&#7899;ng</strong></h2><p>C&#224;ng quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#226;u, t&#244;i c&#224;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u r&#7891;i m&#7899;i t&#236;m hi&#7875;u tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Trong khi th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#243; l&#7869; n&#234;n ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u n&#7857;m g&#7847;n ngu&#7891;n g&#7889;c c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh h&#417;n.</p><p>N&#243; cho ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t:</p><ul><li><p>Ai &#273;ang c&#7847;n v&#7889;n.</p></li><li><p>Ai &#273;ang cung c&#7845;p v&#7889;n.</p></li><li><p>Chi ph&#237; c&#7911;a v&#7889;n &#273;ang t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m.</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;ang m&#7841;nh l&#234;n hay suy y&#7871;u.</p></li></ul><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u k&#7875; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; ngu&#7891;n v&#7889;n gi&#250;p t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#243; x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869;, &#273;&#243; l&#224; c&#225;ch nh&#236;n khi&#7871;n t&#244;i th&#7845;y th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n th&#250; v&#7883; h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; n&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7871;t, n&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7901;i h&#7913;a tr&#7843; n&#7907;.</p><p>V&#224; m&#7885;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng l&#7901;i h&#7913;a nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fd812394-7a55-4d69-9aa9-b253d1f35302&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When investors talk about portfolio defense, gold usually comes first.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Silver and Portfolio Thinking: When Defense Is No Longer Simple&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-08T02:55:33.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/silver-and-portfolio-thinking-when&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193033573,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e5c3dc73-b775-4dff-b042-0ecd16e17adb&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Stocks Are a Social System, Not Just an Asset]]></title><description><![CDATA[If I had to describe the stock market in a single word, I wouldn&#8217;t choose &#8220;stocks.&#8221;]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-a-social-system-not-just</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-a-social-system-not-just</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 02:33:42 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:888407,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/201540614?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>If I had to describe the stock market in a single word, I wouldn&#8217;t choose &#8220;stocks.&#8221;</p><p>I would choose &#8220;system.&#8221;</p><p>Because the price of a stock doesn&#8217;t simply reflect a company.</p><p>It reflects liquidity.</p><p>Interest rates.</p><p>Investor sentiment.</p><p>Regulatory decisions.</p><p>And sometimes, the collective expectations of millions of people about the future.</p><p>That realization has been one of the biggest shifts in how I think about investing.</p><p>For a long time, I believed that understanding a company was enough.</p><p>The longer I observe markets, however, the more I realize that understanding the system can be even more important.</p><h2><strong>1. A Stock Is Only the Tip of the Iceberg</strong></h2><p>Consider a bank stock.</p><p>At first glance, the story seems straightforward.</p><p>A bank gathers deposits.</p><p>It lends money.</p><p>It earns interest income.</p><p>It generates profits.</p><p>Investors buy shares because they expect those profits to grow over time.</p><p>But behind that simple story lies an entire network of relationships.</p><ul><li><p>Depositors.</p></li><li><p>Borrowers.</p></li><li><p>Homebuyers.</p></li><li><p>Central banks.</p></li><li><p>Investment funds.</p></li><li><p>Regulators.</p></li><li><p>Retail investors.</p></li></ul><p>All interacting with one another every day.</p><p>What we call a stock price is often the final outcome of millions of decisions being made across the financial system.</p><p>The stock is what we see.</p><p>The system behind it is what truly matters.</p><h2><strong>2. The Market Often Responds to the System, Not Just the Company</strong></h2><p>One question confuses many investors:</p><p>Why do strong companies sometimes see their stock prices fall?</p><p>And why do average companies occasionally experience significant rallies?</p><p>If we focus only on financial statements, these outcomes can seem irrational.</p><p>But from a systems perspective, they often make perfect sense.</p><p>The stock market doesn&#8217;t merely value companies.</p><p>It also values the environment in which those companies operate.</p><ul><li><p>Are interest rates rising or falling?</p></li><li><p>Is credit expanding or contracting?</p></li><li><p>Is liquidity abundant or scarce?</p></li><li><p>Are investors optimistic or defensive?</p></li></ul><p>Sometimes these factors matter more than the company itself.</p><p>A great business can remain undervalued if the broader environment is unfavorable.</p><p>Likewise, an average business can benefit when the system is supportive.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9b253928-db96-4788-b5f8-123f7d56eb73&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Why gold rises when the world becomes uncertain&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Works in Crisis: A Macro Explanation of Flight-to-Safety&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-22T08:19:24.843Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yR9j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae338574-65f1-4e9f-878d-7bc42eebff4b_600x416.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-works-in-crisis-a-macro&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:191739176,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>3. Liquidity May Be the Most Underrated Variable</strong></h2><p>Most investors spend countless hours studying revenue, earnings, and valuation metrics.</p><p>Far fewer spend the same amount of time thinking about liquidity.</p><p>Yet liquidity influences almost everything in financial markets.</p><p>When liquidity is abundant, capital flows more freely into risk assets.</p><ul><li><p>Risk appetite increases.</p></li><li><p>Valuations expand.</p></li><li><p>Investors become willing to pay higher prices for the same underlying business.</p></li></ul><p>When liquidity tightens, the opposite often occurs.</p><p>Even high-quality companies may struggle to attract capital.</p><p>Not because the business has changed.</p><p>But because the environment has changed.</p><p>This may explain why major bull and bear markets are often driven by more than corporate earnings alone.</p><p>Behind many market cycles lies a story about liquidity.</p><h2><strong>4. Stocks Are a Social System</strong></h2><p>The longer I study markets, the more I see them as a social system rather than a collection of isolated assets.</p><p>A stock reflects:</p><ul><li><p>Investor behavior.</p></li><li><p>The banking system&#8217;s willingness to provide credit.</p></li><li><p>Regulatory decisions.</p></li><li><p>Liquidity conditions.</p></li><li><p>Confidence in the future.</p></li></ul><p>Every transaction represents an interaction between people, institutions, incentives, and capital.</p><p>That is why I spend less time asking:</p><p>&#8220;Is this a good stock?&#8221;</p><p>And more time asking:</p><p>&#8220;What is happening within the system?&#8221;</p><p>Because some of the most significant investment opportunities do not come from understanding a company better.</p><p>They come from understanding the environment in which that company exists.</p><p>A stock does not simply reflect the story of a business.</p><p>It often reflects the state of an entire system.</p><p>And perhaps that is what makes markets so endlessly fascinating.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;61a4ced9-80e9-4abc-bda9-07195a3f6614&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</strong></h1><p>N&#7871;u ph&#7843;i m&#244; t&#7843; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t t&#7915;, t&#244;i s&#7869; kh&#244;ng ch&#7885;n &#8220;c&#7893; phi&#7871;u&#8221;.</p><p>T&#244;i s&#7869; ch&#7885;n &#8220;h&#7879; th&#7889;ng&#8221;.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; gi&#225; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n.</p><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>T&#226;m l&#253; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p><p>C&#225;c quy &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a c&#417; quan qu&#7843;n l&#253;.</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi, c&#7843; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>&#272;&#243; c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t trong c&#225;ch t&#244;i nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p><p>T&#244;i t&#7915;ng ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng hi&#7875;u doanh nghi&#7879;p l&#224; &#273;&#7911;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#224;ng quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#226;u h&#417;n, t&#244;i c&#224;ng nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng hi&#7875;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#244;i khi c&#242;n quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n.</p><h2><strong>1. C&#7893; phi&#7871;u ch&#7881; l&#224; ph&#7847;n n&#7893;i c&#7911;a t&#7843;ng b&#259;ng</strong></h2><p>H&#227;y th&#7917; nh&#236;n v&#224;o m&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u ng&#226;n h&#224;ng.</p><p>Tho&#7841;t nh&#236;n, c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng huy &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7889;n.</p><p>Cho vay.</p><p>Thu l&#227;i.</p><p>T&#7841;o ra l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n.</p><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u v&#236; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ph&#237;a sau &#273;&#243; l&#224; c&#7843; m&#7897;t m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#7917;i ti&#7873;n.</p></li><li><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;i vay.</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i mua nh&#224;.</p></li><li><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; quan qu&#7843;n l&#253;.</p></li><li><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p></li></ul><p>T&#7845;t c&#7843; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;ang t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i nhau m&#7895;i ng&#224;y.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u&#8221; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t ch&#7881; l&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#7911;a h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; th&#7913; ch&#250;ng ta nh&#236;n th&#7845;y.</p><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#237;a sau m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; th&#7921;c s&#7921; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.</p><h2><strong>2. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; v&#7899;i doanh nghi&#7879;p</strong></h2><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; b&#7889;i r&#7889;i l&#224;:</p><p>T&#7841;i sao doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;t nh&#432;ng gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u v&#7851;n gi&#7843;m?</p><p>Ho&#7863;c ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i.</p><p>T&#7841;i sao k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kinh doanh ch&#432;a c&#243; g&#236; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t nh&#432;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh?</p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#7881; nh&#236;n v&#224;o b&#225;o c&#225;o t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, nh&#7919;ng hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#224;y c&#243; v&#7867; kh&#243; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u nh&#236;n t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng, ch&#250;ng l&#7841;i kh&#225; d&#7877; hi&#7875;u.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;ang ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><ul><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t &#273;ang t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m?</p></li><li><p>T&#237;n d&#7909;ng &#273;ang m&#7903; r&#7897;ng hay thu h&#7865;p?</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;ang t&#236;m ki&#7871;m r&#7911;i ro hay ph&#242;ng th&#7911;?</p></li><li><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; &#273;ang l&#7841;c quan hay lo ng&#7841;i?</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#244;i khi, nh&#7919;ng y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#243; c&#242;n quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n ch&#237;nh doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>M&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;t v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p n&#7871;u m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng thu&#7853;n l&#7907;i.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7907;i khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;ang h&#7895; tr&#7907;.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;6c5f0556-898a-4480-81ef-af90f991a33a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>3. Thanh kho&#7843;n l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; b&#7883; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t</strong></h2><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; d&#224;nh nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u doanh thu, l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n v&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;.</p><p>&#205;t ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#224;nh c&#249;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7875; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u thanh kho&#7843;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng thanh kho&#7843;n l&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng bi&#7871;n s&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><p>Khi thanh kho&#7843;n d&#7891;i d&#224;o, ti&#7873;n d&#7877; d&#224;ng ch&#7843;y v&#224;o c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#7849;u v&#7883; r&#7911;i ro t&#259;ng l&#234;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng.</p></li><li><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng tr&#7843; m&#7913;c gi&#225; cao h&#417;n cho c&#249;ng m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p></li></ul><p>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, khi thanh kho&#7843;n b&#7883; si&#7871;t l&#7841;i, d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n tr&#7903; n&#234;n th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>L&#250;c &#273;&#243;, ngay c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7863;p kh&#243; kh&#259;n trong vi&#7879;c thu h&#250;t d&#242;ng v&#7889;n.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; doanh nghi&#7879;p thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#227; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do nhi&#7873;u chu k&#7923; t&#259;ng gi&#225; v&#224; gi&#7843;m gi&#225; c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch ch&#7881; b&#7857;ng l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>&#272;&#7857;ng sau ch&#250;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a thanh kho&#7843;n.</p><h2><strong>4.</strong>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i</h2><p>C&#224;ng quan s&#225;t l&#226;u, t&#244;i c&#224;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i h&#417;n l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7853;p h&#7907;p c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n ri&#234;ng l&#7867;.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7873;u ph&#7843;n &#225;nh:</p><ul><li><p>H&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng cung c&#7845;p t&#237;n d&#7909;ng c&#7911;a ng&#226;n h&#224;ng.</p></li><li><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch c&#7911;a c&#417; quan qu&#7843;n l&#253;.</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng thanh kho&#7843;n trong n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871;.</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p></li></ul><p>M&#7895;i giao d&#7883;ch &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a s&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c gi&#7919;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i, t&#7893; ch&#7913;c v&#224; d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do t&#244;i ng&#224;y c&#224;ng &#237;t &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p>&#8220;C&#7893; phi&#7871;u n&#224;y c&#243; t&#7889;t kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</p><p>V&#224; d&#224;nh nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian h&#417;n cho c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p>&#8220;&#272;i&#7873;u g&#236; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng?&#8221;</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; &#273;&#244;i khi, c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p><p>M&#224; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; doanh nghi&#7879;p &#273;&#243; &#273;ang t&#7891;n t&#7841;i b&#234;n trong.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i c&#7911;a c&#7843; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p>V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869;, &#273;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n h&#7845;p d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7853;y.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>READ MORE</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;85213098-cbf4-48af-a3e2-7ebb0d64763f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn&#8217;t in My Suitcase&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. 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Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-08T03:20:14.564Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201091276,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2dc8809c-96b3-4e70-bf7f-0d51fcba0a4d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. When gold and silver were both money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold and Silver: How History Has Shaped Two Different Assets&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-01T09:59:52.817Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-and-silver-how-history-has-shaped&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192825476,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn’t in My Suitcase]]></title><description><![CDATA[When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 03:20:14 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg" width="1456" height="1941" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.</p><p>A few local souvenirs.</p><p>Some photos.</p><p>Maybe a small gift for family or friends.</p><p>This time was no different.</p><p>But the thing I remember most about Da Nang wasn&#8217;t something I packed in my suitcase.</p><p>---</p><p>On the last evening of my trip, I found myself wandering through a few quiet streets.</p><p>No real plan.</p><p>No famous destination in mind.</p><p>Just a slow walk before the holiday came to an end.</p><p>Then I stopped in front of a small cocktail bar hidden inside a narrow alley.</p><p>A dark wall.</p><p>Green vines hanging softly under warm yellow lights.</p><p>Music drifting out, just loud enough to be noticed.</p><p>Nothing extraordinary.</p><p>Yet sometimes the most ordinary moments are the ones that stay with us the longest.</p><p>---</p><p>Four days in Da Nang passed faster than I expected.</p><p>Long enough to forget about meetings.</p><p>Long enough to stop checking the news every hour.</p><p>Long enough to realize that the world continues to function perfectly well without my constant attention.</p><p>The markets were still open.</p><p>New headlines kept appearing.</p><p>Analysts continued making predictions.</p><p>Life moved on.</p><p>Without me.</p><p>It sounds obvious when written down.</p><p>But it&#8217;s surprisingly easy to forget.</p><p>---</p><p>Sitting in that bar, I found myself thinking about a simple question:</p><p>Why am I trying to earn more money?</p><p>Not for a specific purchase.</p><p>Not for a particular number in a bank account.</p><p>At least not entirely.</p><p>After years of working, saving, and investing, I&#8217;ve come to realize that money itself isn&#8217;t really the goal.</p><p>Money is a tool.</p><p>What I truly want is what money can provide.</p><p>A little less anxiety.</p><p>A little less pressure.</p><p>More choices.</p><p>More time.</p><p>&#8212;</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;b2f1699b-f432-49bc-8d34-48db36ab7b55&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>---</p><p>There was a time when I thought financial freedom was a destination.</p><p>A milestone on a spreadsheet.</p><p>A portfolio large enough to support early retirement.</p><p>A number that, once reached, would somehow solve everything.</p><p>I&#8217;m no longer sure that&#8217;s true.</p><p>Perhaps financial freedom isn&#8217;t a number at all.</p><p>Perhaps it&#8217;s the ability to choose.</p><p>The choice to work or rest.</p><p>The choice of where to live.</p><p>The choice of how to spend our time.</p><p>And sometimes, the choice to sit quietly in a small bar in a city far from home without feeling that we&#8217;re falling behind.</p><p>---</p><p>When I left Da Nang, I carried home a few souvenirs.</p><p>A collection of photos on my phone.</p><p>And a handful of good memories.</p><p>But the thing I valued most wasn&#8217;t in my suitcase.</p><p>It was a reminder of why I started pursuing financial freedom in the first place.</p><p>Not to own more things.</p><p>Not to impress anyone.</p><p>But to have more freedom to choose how I live my life.</p><p>To enjoy an ordinary evening without worrying too much about tomorrow.</p><p>And perhaps that was the most valuable thing I brought back from Da Nang.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;60fed4fc-4d45-4313-b4ed-a3c05dc190a5&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-23T02:15:00.387Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198915652,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><p># Th&#7913; t&#244;i mang v&#7873; t&#7915; &#272;&#224; N&#7861;ng kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong vali</p><p>Khi tr&#7903; v&#7873; t&#7915; m&#7897;t chuy&#7871;n &#273;i, ch&#250;ng ta th&#432;&#7901;ng mang theo v&#224;i m&#243;n qu&#224;.</p><p>M&#7897;t &#237;t &#273;&#7863;c s&#7843;n.</p><p>V&#224;i t&#7845;m &#7843;nh.</p><p>M&#7897;t v&#224;i m&#243;n &#273;&#7891; l&#432;u ni&#7879;m.</p><p>L&#7847;n n&#224;y c&#361;ng v&#7853;y.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7913; khi&#7871;n t&#244;i nh&#7899; nh&#7845;t v&#7873; &#272;&#224; N&#7861;ng l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong vali.</p><p>---</p><p>T&#7889;i cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#7911;a chuy&#7871;n &#273;i, t&#244;i &#273;i b&#7897; lang thang qua v&#224;i con ph&#7889; nh&#7887;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch g&#236; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7889; t&#236;m m&#7897;t &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng.</p><p>Ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; &#273;i d&#7841;o tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ng&#224;y ngh&#7881; k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><p>R&#7891;i t&#244;i d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t qu&#225;n cocktail bar n&#7857;m trong m&#7897;t con ng&#245; nh&#7887;.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#7913;c t&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;en.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng d&#226;y c&#226;y xanh r&#7911; xu&#7889;ng d&#432;&#7899;i &#225;nh &#273;&#232;n v&#224;ng d&#7883;u.</p><p>&#194;m nh&#7841;c v&#7885;ng ra v&#7915;a &#273;&#7911; nghe.</p><p>M&#7885;i th&#7913; &#273;&#7873;u r&#7845;t b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#244;i khi ch&#237;nh nh&#7919;ng kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#7841;i khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i ta suy ngh&#297; nhi&#7873;u nh&#7845;t.</p><p>---</p><p>B&#7889;n ng&#224;y &#7903; &#272;&#224; N&#7861;ng tr&#244;i qua nhanh h&#417;n t&#244;i t&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>&#272;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;m qu&#234;n nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p.</p><p>&#272;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n th&#243;i quen ki&#7875;m tra tin t&#7913;c li&#234;n t&#7909;c.</p><p>&#272;&#7911; l&#226;u &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n ra r&#7857;ng th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#7851;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7893;n ngay c&#7843; khi m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng theo d&#245;i n&#243; t&#7915;ng gi&#7901;.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n m&#7903; c&#7917;a.</p><p>Tin t&#7913;c v&#7851;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng d&#7921; b&#225;o m&#7899;i v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a ra.</p><p>M&#7885;i th&#7913; v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n s&#7921; c&#243; m&#7863;t c&#7911;a t&#244;i.</p><p>Nghe c&#243; v&#7867; hi&#7875;n nhi&#234;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#244;i khi ch&#250;ng ta qu&#234;n m&#7845;t &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p><p>---</p><p>Ng&#7891;i trong qu&#225;n t&#7889;i h&#244;m &#7845;y, t&#244;i ch&#7907;t ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><p>&#8220;M&#236;nh &#273;ang c&#7889; g&#7855;ng ki&#7871;m th&#234;m ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m g&#236;?&#8221;</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; mua m&#7897;t m&#243;n &#273;&#7891; c&#7909; th&#7875;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t con s&#7889; n&#224;o &#273;&#243;.</p><p>&#205;t nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><p>Sau nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m &#273;i l&#224;m, ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m v&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, t&#244;i nh&#7853;n ra &#273;i&#7873;u m&#236;nh th&#7921;c s&#7921; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ti&#7873;n.</p><p>Ti&#7873;n ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909;.</p><p>Th&#7913; t&#244;i mu&#7889;n l&#224; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c m&#224; n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; mang l&#7841;i.</p><p>&#205;t lo l&#7855;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>&#205;t &#225;p l&#7921;c h&#417;n.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n h&#417;n.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian h&#417;n.</p><p>&#8212;</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;7ad3ebd9-1e91-475e-ab0e-4a6eeaccaf72&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;More than 5,000 years ago, ancient civilizations were already using gold as a store of value.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold: Why a &#8220;Non-Yielding&#8221; Asset Has Survived 5,000 Years&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14T02:02:19.678Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WTkC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39a22f28-7d41-44b1-af2d-6649cd591383_5184x3456.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-why-a-non-yielding-asset-has&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:190901621,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>---</p><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian t&#244;i ngh&#297; t&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#237;ch &#273;&#7871;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#7897;t m&#7889;c n&#224;o &#273;&#243; tr&#234;n b&#7843;ng t&#237;nh.</p><p>M&#7897;t con s&#7889; &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n trong t&#224;i kho&#7843;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t ng&#224;y n&#224;o &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; ngh&#7881; h&#432;u s&#7899;m.</p><p>B&#226;y gi&#7901; t&#244;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n ch&#7855;c n&#7919;a.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; t&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t con s&#7889;.</p><p>C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#243; l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n.</p><p>L&#7921;a ch&#7885;n l&#224;m vi&#7879;c hay ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i.</p><p>L&#7921;a ch&#7885;n s&#7889;ng &#7903; &#273;&#226;u.</p><p>L&#7921;a ch&#7885;n d&#224;nh th&#7901;i gian cho &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;.</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi, ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n ng&#7891;i y&#234;n trong m&#7897;t qu&#225;n nh&#7887; &#7903; m&#7897;t th&#224;nh ph&#7889; xa nh&#224; m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y m&#236;nh &#273;ang b&#7887; l&#7905; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;.</p><p>---</p><p>Khi r&#7901;i &#272;&#224; N&#7861;ng, t&#244;i mang theo v&#224;i m&#243;n qu&#224; cho ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#226;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t &#237;t &#7843;nh trong &#273;i&#7879;n tho&#7841;i.</p><p>V&#224; th&#234;m v&#224;i k&#7927; ni&#7879;m &#273;&#7865;p.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7913; t&#244;i tr&#226;n tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m trong vali.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#7901;i nh&#7855;c r&#7857;ng l&#253; do t&#244;i theo &#273;u&#7893;i t&#7921; do t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; l&#224; &#273;&#7875; s&#7903; h&#7919;u nhi&#7873;u th&#7913; h&#417;n.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; &#273;&#7875; c&#243; nhi&#7873;u quy&#7873;n l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n h&#417;n.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7853;n h&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i t&#7889;i b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#224; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i qu&#225; b&#7853;n t&#226;m v&#7873; ng&#224;y mai.</p><p>V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869;, &#273;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; th&#7913; &#273;&#225;ng gi&#225; nh&#7845;t m&#224; t&#244;i mang v&#7873; t&#7915; &#272;&#224; N&#7861;ng.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9dde7cd3-dd28-4277-be1f-4ccb4bb7f6e8&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;a4408877-8176-4dd9-9e66-f5dc1360ff70&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates]]></title><description><![CDATA[On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 01:40:41 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.</p><p>But what is interesting is this:</p><p>Markets are not simply reacting to a new name.</p><p>Markets are trying to understand:</p><p>What happens next to the price of money.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1) Who is Kevin Warsh?</strong></h1><p>Kevin Warsh is not an outsider.</p><p>He previously served as a Federal Reserve Governor from 2006 to 2011, during the Global Financial Crisis of 2008.</p><p>After leaving the FED, he worked in investment and policy research, and became known for criticizing the Federal Reserve&#8217;s ultra-loose monetary policies after the pandemic.</p><p>In particular, he argued that the FED:</p><ul><li><p>Allowed inflation to rise too far</p></li><li><p>Expanded its balance sheet excessively</p></li><li><p>And became too dependent on supporting financial markets</p></li></ul><p>In other words:</p><p>Warsh belongs to the group that believes the FED remained too accommodative for too long.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2) Why does changing the FED Chair matter?</strong></h1><p>The FED does not directly decide stock prices.</p><p>But the FED influences:</p><ul><li><p>Interest rates</p></li><li><p>Liquidity</p></li><li><p>And the cost of money across the entire system</p></li></ul><p>And modern financial markets revolve around those things.</p><p>Whenever a new FED Chair arrives, markets immediately try to understand:</p><ul><li><p>Will the FED prioritize inflation control or economic growth?</p></li><li><p>How much economic pain is acceptable?</p></li><li><p>Will policy become more hawkish or dovish?</p></li><li><p>Will the FED continue supporting markets during crises?</p></li></ul><p>Those are the real questions investors care about.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3) What markets are watching closely</strong></h1><p>Warsh has long been viewed as relatively hawkish on inflation.</p><p>He repeatedly argued that inflation was not merely a temporary supply-chain issue,<br>but partly the result of:</p><ul><li><p>Prolonged loose monetary policy</p></li><li><p>Excessive liquidity</p></li><li><p>And persistent fiscal deficits</p></li></ul><p>He has also expressed support for:</p><ul><li><p>Reducing the FED&#8217;s balance sheet</p></li><li><p>Limiting overreliance on forward guidance</p></li><li><p>And returning the FED to a more traditional role</p></li></ul><p>But at the same time, he takes office during a period when political pressure for lower interest rates remains very high.</p><p>This creates the core tension markets are trying to price:</p><p>Will the FED under Warsh prioritize monetary discipline or economic support?</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;86898fbf-210e-42d3-9439-9bc6fb64cafc&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4) The bigger story behind this transition</strong></h1><p>This is not only about one individual.</p><p>It reflects a much larger global problem:</p><ul><li><p>Historically high debt levels</p></li><li><p>Slowing growth</p></li><li><p>Increasing political pressure on central banks</p></li><li><p>And financial markets becoming deeply dependent on liquidity</p></li></ul><p>In such an environment, the FED constantly faces two difficult choices.</p><h3><strong>If rates remain high:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Inflation becomes easier to control</p></li><li><p>But growth and markets face pressure</p></li></ul><h3><strong>If rates fall too early:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>The economy may stabilize temporarily</p></li><li><p>But inflation risks could return again</p></li></ul><p>This balancing act has become one of the defining challenges of modern central banking.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5) An important thing many people misunderstand</strong></h1><p>Most people think markets only react to actual interest-rate decisions.</p><p>But in reality, markets often react more strongly to:</p><p>Expectations about future monetary policy.</p><p>Sometimes:</p><ul><li><p>A speech</p></li><li><p>A single sentence</p></li><li><p>Or even a subtle change in tone</p></li></ul><p>can move:</p><ul><li><p>Bond yields</p></li><li><p>The US dollar</p></li><li><p>Gold</p></li><li><p>And equity markets dramatically</p></li></ul><p>Because in the modern financial system:</p><p>expectations about liquidity<br>are often just as important as liquidity itself.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>Conclusion</strong></h1><p>Kevin Warsh becoming the new FED Chair does not guarantee markets will rise or fall.</p><p>But it signals that the world may be entering a new phase, where the biggest question is no longer:</p><p>&#8220;Will the FED intervene?&#8221;</p><p>But rather:</p><p>&#8220;How much support can the FED still provide in a world of high inflation, massive debt, and rising political pressure?&#8221;</p><p>And that may become one of the defining macroeconomic questions of the next financial cycle.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;730fd789-d715-4903-8f96-6f5c0bced744&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-23T02:15:00.387Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198915652,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1>Ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i c&#7911;a FED v&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#7899;n v&#7873; &#8220;l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221;</h1><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921; quan t&#226;m kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8220;ai l&#234;n&#8221;, m&#224; l&#224; Fed s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o.</p><p>Ng&#224;y 22/05/2026, Kevin Warsh ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c tuy&#234;n th&#7879; nh&#7853;m ch&#7913;c Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch FED, thay th&#7871; Jerome Powell trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh kinh t&#7871; M&#7929; v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#273;ang b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n r&#7845;t nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224;:</p><p>th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t c&#225;i t&#234;n m&#7899;i.</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang c&#7889; hi&#7875;u:</p><p>li&#7879;u &#8220;l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221; trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m t&#7899;i s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1) Kevin Warsh l&#224; ai?</strong></h1><p>Kevin Warsh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ngo&#224;i cu&#7897;c.</p><p>&#212;ng t&#7915;ng l&#224; Th&#7889;ng &#273;&#7889;c FED giai &#273;o&#7841;n 2006&#8211;2011, &#273;&#250;ng v&#224;o th&#7901;i k&#7923; kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u 2008.</p><p>Sau khi r&#7901;i FED, &#244;ng l&#224;m vi&#7879;c trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, tham gia c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch, v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch FED v&#236;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7875; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t t&#259;ng qu&#225; m&#7841;nh sau &#273;&#7841;i d&#7883;ch</p></li><li><p>Duy tr&#236; b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i qu&#225; l&#7899;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; can thi&#7879;p qu&#225; s&#226;u v&#224;o th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p></li></ul><p>N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c:</p><p>Warsh thu&#7897;c nh&#243;m tin r&#7857;ng:</p><p>FED &#273;&#227; qu&#225; &#8220;n&#7899;i l&#7887;ng&#8221; trong nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m qua.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2) V&#236; sao vi&#7879;c thay Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch FED quan tr&#7885;ng?</strong></h1><p>FED kh&#244;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng FED quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh:</p><ul><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>Thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; chi ph&#237; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n trong to&#224;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p></li></ul><p>M&#224; m&#7885;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i &#273;&#7873;u xoay quanh &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Khi m&#7897;t Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch FED m&#7899;i xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; c&#7889; &#273;&#7885;c xem:</p><ul><li><p>H&#7885; &#432;u ti&#234;n ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t hay t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng?</p></li><li><p>H&#7885; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n suy tho&#225;i &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o?</p></li><li><p>H&#7885; c&#243; &#8220;hawkish&#8221; hay &#8220;dovish&#8221;?</p></li><li><p>H&#7885; c&#243; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#417;m thanh kho&#7843;n khi kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n?</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; m&#7899;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3) &#272;i&#7873;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang theo d&#245;i &#7903; Kevin Warsh</strong></h1><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t:</p><p>Warsh t&#7915;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng &#8220;di&#7873;u h&#226;u&#8221; v&#7873; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t<br>(inflation hawk).</p><p>&#212;ng nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n cho r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t kh&#244;ng &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n do chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng</p></li><li><p>M&#224; l&#224; h&#7879; qu&#7843; t&#7915; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; qu&#225; l&#7887;ng</p></li><li><p>V&#224; th&#226;m h&#7909;t t&#224;i kh&#243;a k&#233;o d&#224;i.</p></li></ul><p>&#212;ng c&#361;ng mu&#7889;n:</p><ul><li><p>Thu h&#7865;p b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i FED</p></li><li><p>Gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#8220;forward guidance&#8221;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; &#273;&#432;a FED quay l&#7841;i vai tr&#242; truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i, &#244;ng l&#7841;i nh&#7853;m ch&#7913;c trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh Nh&#224; Tr&#7855;ng mu&#7889;n l&#227;i su&#7845;t gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; th&#7913; khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#250; &#253;:</p><p>li&#7879;u FED d&#432;&#7899;i th&#7901;i Warsh s&#7869; &#432;u ti&#234;n k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ti&#7873;n t&#7879;<br>hay &#432;u ti&#234;n t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;?</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;a170246f-a2e8-4df6-8d90-3fd1fff42087&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4) C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n l&#7899;n h&#417;n ph&#237;a sau</strong></h1><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p><p>N&#243; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7897;t thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i hi&#7879;n nay:</p><ul><li><p>N&#7907; c&#244;ng r&#7845;t cao</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng ch&#7853;m l&#7841;i</p></li><li><p>&#193;p l&#7921;c ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; l&#234;n ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng ng&#224;y c&#224;ng l&#7899;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#224;y c&#224;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li></ul><p>Trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; v&#7853;y,<br>FED g&#7847;n nh&#432; lu&#244;n &#273;&#7913;ng gi&#7919;a hai &#225;p l&#7921;c:</p><h3><strong>N&#7871;u gi&#7919; l&#227;i su&#7845;t cao:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t d&#7877; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng v&#224; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c</p></li></ul><h3><strong>N&#7871;u gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t qu&#225; s&#7899;m:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Kinh t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7895; tr&#7907; ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng r&#7911;i ro l&#7841;m ph&#225;t quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; b&#224;i to&#225;n m&#224; g&#7847;n nh&#432; m&#7885;i Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch FED hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i &#273;&#7873;u ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5) M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#225; th&#250; v&#7883;</strong></h1><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297;: th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c FED t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871;, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng m&#7841;nh h&#417;n v&#7899;i:</p><p>k&#7923; v&#7885;ng v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><p>&#272;&#244;i khi:</p><ul><li><p>Ch&#7881; m&#7897;t c&#226;u n&#243;i</p></li><li><p>M&#7897;t b&#224;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u</p></li><li><p>Hay thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#7887; trong gi&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7879;u</p></li></ul><p>&#8230; c&#361;ng &#273;&#7911; khi&#7871;n:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7907;i su&#7845;t tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u</p></li><li><p>USD</p></li><li><p>V&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n</p></li></ul><p>bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i:</p><p>k&#7923; v&#7885;ng v&#7873; thanh kho&#7843;n<br>th&#432;&#7901;ng quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng k&#233;m thanh kho&#7843;n th&#7853;t.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></h1><p>Kevin Warsh tr&#7903; th&#224;nh Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch FED kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o r&#7857;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; cho th&#7845;y: th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;ang b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n m&#7899;i, n&#417;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224;:</p><p>&#8220;FED c&#243; can thi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</p><p>M&#224; l&#224;:</p><p>&#8220;FED s&#7869; c&#242;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7895; tr&#7907; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c n&#224;o<br>khi l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, n&#7907; c&#244;ng v&#224; &#225;p l&#7921;c ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; c&#249;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i?&#8221;</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#243; c&#243; l&#7869; s&#7869; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a chu k&#7923; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ti&#7871;p theo.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;4cabadac-71f0-4e22-ae56-da5415218c65&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;bb4c68d6-c23c-4d49-a19b-52686743d6d0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;More than 5,000 years ago, ancient civilizations were already using gold as a store of value.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold: Why a &#8220;Non-Yielding&#8221; Asset Has Survived 5,000 Years&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14T02:02:19.678Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WTkC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39a22f28-7d41-44b1-af2d-6649cd591383_5184x3456.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-why-a-non-yielding-asset-has&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:190901621,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices]]></title><description><![CDATA[FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 02:15:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png" width="1456" height="1089" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1089,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:3468008,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/198915652?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money</strong></h2><p>When people talk about financial markets, few institutions are mentioned more often than the FED.</p><p>Every time the FED raises or cuts interest rates,<br>stocks, bonds, gold, crypto, and currencies around the world react almost immediately.</p><p>But what exactly is the FED?<br>And why does a central bank in the United States influence nearly every major financial market on Earth?</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1) What is the FED?</strong></h1><p>The FED (Federal Reserve System) is the central bank of the United States.</p><p>It was created in 1913 after a series of banking crises in the early 20th century.</p><p>The main goal behind the creation of the FED was simple:</p><p>to build a more stable financial system<br>and reduce the risk of widespread banking panics.</p><p>Before the FED existed,<br>the American financial system was far more chaotic:</p><ul><li><p>Banks failed frequently</p></li><li><p>Liquidity shortages were common</p></li><li><p>Bank runs happened regularly</p></li><li><p>And there was no true &#8220;lender of last resort&#8221;</p></li></ul><p>The Panic of 1907 became the turning point that convinced the United States it needed a real central banking system.</p><p>And from that crisis,<br>the FED was born.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2) What does the FED actually do?</strong></h1><p>Many people think the FED only &#8220;raises or cuts interest rates.&#8221;</p><p>In reality, its role is much broader.</p><p>The FED has three major responsibilities:</p><h3><strong>&#8226; Maintaining price stability (controlling inflation)</strong></h3><p>The FED tries to keep inflation at manageable levels so that:</p><ul><li><p>Money does not lose value too quickly</p></li><li><p>The economy can grow more sustainably</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>&#8226; Supporting employment and economic growth</strong></h3><p>The FED does not want:</p><ul><li><p>Unemployment to become excessively high</p></li><li><p>Recessions to become prolonged depressions</p></li></ul><p>That is why during crises,<br>the FED often:</p><ul><li><p>Cuts interest rates</p></li><li><p>Injects liquidity</p></li><li><p>Supports the financial system</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>&#8226; Stabilizing the banking system</strong></h3><p>The FED acts as:</p><p>the lender of last resort.</p><p>When panic spreads through the financial system,<br>the FED can provide liquidity to prevent broader collapse.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3) Why does the FED influence the entire world?</strong></h1><p>This is the most important part.</p><p>The FED is America&#8217;s central bank.</p><p>But the US dollar is also the world&#8217;s reserve currency.</p><p>That means:</p><ul><li><p>Global trade heavily uses USD</p></li><li><p>Global debt heavily depends on USD</p></li><li><p>Commodities and financial assets are largely priced in USD</p></li></ul><p>When the FED changes interest rates,<br>the cost of using dollars changes globally as well.</p><p>For example:</p><h3><strong>When the FED raises rates:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>The US dollar usually strengthens</p></li><li><p>Capital tends to flow back into the US</p></li><li><p>Emerging markets face pressure</p></li><li><p>Risk assets often weaken</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>When the FED cuts rates:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Money becomes cheaper</p></li><li><p>Liquidity increases</p></li><li><p>Investors seek more risk</p></li><li><p>Financial assets often rise</p></li></ul><p>That is why the entire world watches every FED meeting closely.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;458434d7-419f-4d22-bc97-2da2004367d4&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-12T03:07:00.230Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:197299190,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4) The FED does not simply &#8220;print money&#8221; freely</strong></h1><p>This is one of the most common misunderstandings.</p><p>The FED does not directly hand out free money.</p><p>Instead, it mainly influences the system through:</p><ul><li><p>Interest rates</p></li><li><p>Government bond operations</p></li><li><p>Banking system liquidity</p></li><li><p>And market expectations</p></li></ul><p>But because the US dollar sits at the center of the global financial system,<br>every FED decision has enormous consequences.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5) Why markets fear the FED</strong></h1><p>Modern financial markets depend heavily on liquidity.</p><p>When the FED keeps interest rates low:</p><ul><li><p>Borrowing becomes cheaper</p></li><li><p>Companies can expand more easily</p></li><li><p>Stock valuations rise</p></li><li><p>Risk-taking increases</p></li></ul><p>But when the FED tightens policy:</p><ul><li><p>Capital becomes more expensive</p></li><li><p>Liquidity shrinks</p></li><li><p>Valuations compress</p></li><li><p>Pressure spreads across the system</p></li></ul><p>In simple terms:</p><p>The FED does not directly control stock prices.<br>The FED controls interest rates &#8212; which is the price of money.</p><p>And the price of money influences nearly every financial asset.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6) An interesting paradox about the FED</strong></h1><p>The FED is often criticized from both sides.</p><p>When it supports markets too aggressively:<br>&#8594; people accuse it of creating asset bubbles.</p><p>When it raises rates too aggressively:<br>&#8594; people accuse it of damaging the economy.</p><p>This happens because the FED constantly tries to balance:</p><ul><li><p>Economic growth</p></li><li><p>Inflation</p></li><li><p>Unemployment</p></li><li><p>And financial stability</p></li></ul><p>And that balance is almost never perfect.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>Conclusion</strong></h1><p>The FED is not just an American financial institution.</p><p>It is one of the central pillars of the modern global liquidity system.</p><p>Understanding the FED is not about predicting tomorrow&#8217;s market perfectly.</p><p>It is about understanding:</p><ul><li><p>Why capital moves</p></li><li><p>Why assets rise and fall</p></li><li><p>And why liquidity is often the hidden force behind every major financial cycle.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;0ac30e06-96d3-4fa5-a551-d235cd5c778f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>FED kh&#244;ng quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u. FED quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh l&#227;i su&#7845;t - t&#7913;c gi&#225; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n.</strong></h1><h2><strong>V&#236; sao g&#7847;n nh&#432; m&#7885;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7873;u theo d&#245;i FED?</strong></h2><p>Khi n&#243;i v&#7873; kinh t&#7871; to&#224;n c&#7847;u, c&#243; l&#7869; kh&#244;ng t&#7893; ch&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n FED.</p><p>M&#7895;i l&#7847;n FED t&#259;ng hay gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n, v&#224;ng, tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u, crypto v&#224; c&#7843; t&#7927; gi&#225; tr&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7873;u ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t FED l&#224; g&#236;?<br>V&#236; sao m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#7911;a M&#7929; l&#7841;i c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u?</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1) FED l&#224; g&#236;?</strong></h1><p>FED (Federal Reserve System) l&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><p>&#272;&#432;&#7907;c th&#224;nh l&#7853;p n&#259;m 1913 sau h&#224;ng lo&#7841;t cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng &#7903; M&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u th&#7871; k&#7927; 20.</p><p>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t khi t&#7841;o ra FED l&#224;:</p><p>T&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#417;n v&#224; gi&#7843;m nguy c&#417; kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng lan r&#7897;ng.</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi FED t&#7891;n t&#7841;i, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh M&#7929; kh&#225; h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng d&#7877; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;</p></li><li><p>Thi&#7871;u thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>Panic bank run x&#7843;y ra th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#8220;ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7913;u tr&#7907; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng&#8221;</p></li></ul><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng n&#259;m 1907 l&#224; c&#250; s&#7889;c l&#7899;n khi&#7871;n M&#7929; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7847;n m&#7897;t ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c s&#7921;.</p><p>V&#224; FED ra &#273;&#7901;i t&#7915; &#273;&#243;.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2) FED th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224;m g&#236;?</strong></h1><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297; FED ch&#7881; &#8220;t&#259;ng gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a FED r&#7897;ng h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u.</p><p>FED c&#243; 3 nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; c&#7889;t l&#245;i:</p><h3><strong>&#8226; Gi&#7919; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7843; (ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#7841;m ph&#225;t)</strong></h3><p>FED c&#7889; gi&#7919; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t &#7903; m&#7913;c h&#7907;p l&#253; &#273;&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>Ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng m&#7845;t gi&#225; qu&#225; nhanh</p></li><li><p>N&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; v&#7851;n t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>&#8226; H&#7895; tr&#7907; vi&#7879;c l&#224;m v&#224; t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;</strong></h3><p>FED kh&#244;ng mu&#7889;n:</p><ul><li><p>Th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p qu&#225; cao</p></li><li><p>Kinh t&#7871; suy tho&#225;i k&#233;o d&#224;i</p></li></ul><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng,<br>FED th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>B&#417;m thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>H&#7895; tr&#7907; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>&#8226; Gi&#7919; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng</strong></h3><p>FED &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242;:</p><p>&#8220;lender of last resort&#8221;<br>(ng&#432;&#7901;i cho vay cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng)</p><p>Khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh g&#7863;p panic, FED c&#243; th&#7875; b&#417;m ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng lan r&#7897;ng.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3) V&#236; sao FED &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i?</strong></h1><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; ph&#7847;n quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p><p>FED l&#224; ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng USD l&#7841;i l&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n d&#7921; tr&#7919; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; ngh&#297;a:</p><ul><li><p>Th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i qu&#7889;c t&#7871; d&#249;ng USD r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u</p></li><li><p>N&#7907; to&#224;n c&#7847;u d&#249;ng USD r&#7845;t l&#7899;n</p></li><li><p>D&#7847;u, h&#224;ng h&#243;a, t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh&#8230; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; b&#7857;ng USD</p></li></ul><p>Khi FED thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#227;i su&#7845;t,<br>chi ph&#237; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng USD tr&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#361;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i theo.</p><p>V&#237; d&#7909;:</p><h3><strong>Khi FED t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>USD m&#7841;nh l&#234;n</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n quay v&#7873; M&#7929;</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7899;i n&#7893;i ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n v&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n r&#7911;i ro d&#7877; gi&#7843;m</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Khi FED gi&#7843;m l&#227;i su&#7845;t:</strong></h3><ul><li><p>Ti&#7873;n r&#7867; h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>Thanh kho&#7843;n t&#259;ng</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n t&#236;m ki&#7871;m r&#7911;i ro</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n v&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7907;i</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do:<br>c&#7843; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7873;u theo d&#245;i t&#7915;ng cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p FED.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fd58db87-1030-4b19-ad5f-8ae360c8374f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4) FED kh&#244;ng &#8220;in ti&#7873;n t&#249;y &#253;&#8221; nh&#432; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297;</strong></h1><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; hi&#7875;u l&#7847;m r&#7845;t ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n.</p><p>FED kh&#244;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#8220;ph&#225;t ti&#7873;n mi&#7877;n ph&#237;&#8221;.</p><p>FED ch&#7911; y&#7871;u t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng th&#244;ng qua:</p><ul><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;</p></li><li><p>Thanh kho&#7843;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#236; USD l&#224; trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh to&#224;n c&#7847;u, m&#7885;i h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a FED &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng r&#7845;t l&#7899;n.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5) V&#236; sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7907; FED?</strong></h1><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh v&#224;o thanh kho&#7843;n.</p><p>Khi FED gi&#7919; l&#227;i su&#7845;t th&#7845;p:</p><ul><li><p>Ti&#7873;n r&#7867;</p></li><li><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p vay d&#7877; h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u cao h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n r&#7911;i ro t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng khi FED th&#7855;t ch&#7863;t:</p><ul><li><p>Chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n t&#259;ng</p></li><li><p>Thanh kho&#7843;n gi&#7843;m</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; b&#7883; n&#233;n xu&#7889;ng</p></li><li><p>&#193;p l&#7921;c xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n to&#224;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</p></li></ul><p>N&#243;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><p>FED kh&#244;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.<br>Nh&#432;ng FED &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#8220;<strong>l&#227;i su&#7845;t - t&#7913;c gi&#225; c&#7911;a ti&#7873;n.</strong>&#8221;.</p><p>V&#224; &#8220;l&#227;i su&#7845;t&#8221;<br>&#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng g&#7847;n nh&#432; m&#7885;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6) M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; v&#7873; FED</strong></h1><p>FED th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch t&#7915; c&#7843; hai ph&#237;a.</p><p>Khi c&#7913;u th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng qu&#225; m&#7841;nh:<br>&#8594; b&#7883; cho l&#224; t&#7841;o bong b&#243;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><p>Khi t&#259;ng l&#227;i su&#7845;t qu&#225; m&#7841;nh:<br>&#8594; b&#7883; cho l&#224; b&#243;p ngh&#7865;t kinh t&#7871;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y x&#7843;y ra v&#236;:</p><p>FED lu&#244;n ph&#7843;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng</p></li><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t</p></li><li><p>Th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p</p></li><li><p>V&#224; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh t&#224;i ch&#237;nh</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i to&#225;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; ho&#224;n h&#7843;o.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></h1><p>FED kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a M&#7929;.</p><p>FED l&#224; trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng thanh kho&#7843;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i.</p><p>Hi&#7875;u FED kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n ch&#237;nh x&#225;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#224;y mai.</p><p>M&#224; &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u:</p><ul><li><p>V&#236; sao d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n di chuy&#7875;n</p></li><li><p>V&#236; sao t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#259;ng gi&#7843;m</p></li><li><p>V&#224; v&#236; sao thanh kho&#7843;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; lu&#244;n l&#224; &#8220;nh&#226;n v&#7853;t ch&#237;nh&#8221; trong m&#7885;i chu k&#7923; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;87bd626d-488f-4072-8aba-104c587dc0e1&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;29e74ee9-17f7-42ab-b24e-01db471239c0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Why Stocks Crash Faster Than Reality Changes]]></title><description><![CDATA[Reality changes slowly.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-stocks-crash-faster-than-reality</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-stocks-crash-faster-than-reality</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 02:34:04 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:4318671,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/198202464?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xDZw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F40bfc37a-1af3-4f64-9b81-190f10bd6d0a_5472x3648.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>Reality changes slowly. Stock prices change very fast.</strong></h2><p>There is something that confuses many new investors:</p><p>Why can the market fall 20&#8211;30%<br>within just a few weeks,<br>while real life outside still seems mostly unchanged?</p><p>Companies are still there.</p><p>Factories are still operating.</p><p>People are still going to work.</p><p>Life continues.</p><p>Yet stock prices react as if the world is ending.</p><p>This happens because: markets do not price the present.<br>Markets price expectations about the future.</p><p>And expectations can collapse much faster than reality itself.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1. Stocks are assets built on expectations</strong></h1><p>When you buy stocks, you are not buying today&#8217;s results.</p><p>You are buying:</p><ul><li><p>Future earnings</p></li><li><p>Future growth</p></li><li><p>Future cash flows</p></li><li><p>And the belief that systems will continue functioning normally</p></li></ul><p>This makes stock prices extremely sensitive to changes in expectations.</p><p>A company does not need to go bankrupt for its stock to fall sharply.</p><p>The market only needs to start believing that:</p><ul><li><p>Growth will slow</p></li><li><p>Profits will weaken</p></li><li><p>The cost of capital will rise</p></li><li><p>Consumers will become more cautious</p></li></ul><p>&#8230; and valuations can change dramatically.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2. Reality moves slowly. Expectations collapse instantly.</strong></h1><p>This is the most important distinction.</p><p>In the real world, most things change gradually.</p><p>An economy does not disappear overnight.</p><p>A large company does not lose all customers within days.</p><p>But in financial markets, expectations can change extremely fast.</p><p>Because humans do not wait for events to fully happen before reacting.</p><p>They react to the possibility that those events might happen.</p><p>And once fear appears, markets begin pricing worst-case scenarios long before reality confirms them.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3. Panic is often stronger than fundamentals</strong></h1><p>During many market crashes, stock prices fall much faster than the actual deterioration of businesses.</p><p>This happens because financial crises are not only about fundamentals.</p><p>They are also about psychology and liquidity.</p><p>When markets panic:</p><ul><li><p>Investors reduce risk</p></li><li><p>Funds face redemptions</p></li><li><p>Margin calls appear</p></li><li><p>Institutions sell to preserve liquidity</p></li><li><p>Defensive positioning increases rapidly</p></li></ul><p>At that point, people are not necessarily selling because businesses became worthless.</p><p>They sell because they need cash. Or because they need to reduce risk immediately.</p><p>In the short term, panic is often stronger than fundamentals.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fe2be01a-b7e3-4897-80a1-dedc1e96513c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;More than 5,000 years ago, ancient civilizations were already using gold as a store of value.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold: Why a &#8220;Non-Yielding&#8221; Asset Has Survived 5,000 Years&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14T02:02:19.678Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WTkC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39a22f28-7d41-44b1-af2d-6649cd591383_5184x3456.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-why-a-non-yielding-asset-has&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:190901621,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4. When liquidity disappears, everything changes quickly</strong></h1><p>One of the things markets fear most is not recession itself.</p><p>It is disappearing liquidity.</p><p>When money is cheap and liquidity is abundant:</p><ul><li><p>Valuations expand</p></li><li><p>Investors accept more risk</p></li><li><p>Markets rise easily</p></li></ul><p>But when liquidity is withdrawn:</p><ul><li><p>Interest rates rise</p></li><li><p>Credit tightens</p></li><li><p>Speculative flows disappear</p></li><li><p>Risk appetite falls rapidly</p></li></ul><p>Markets can decline very aggressively, even before businesses truly collapse.</p><p>That is why markets often fall before economic data clearly deteriorates.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5. Stock markets move ahead of reality</strong></h1><p>The stock market is not a photograph of the present.</p><p>It is a system constantly trying to predict the future.</p><p>That is why:</p><ul><li><p>Markets usually fall before recessions</p></li><li><p>And recover before the economy truly improves</p></li></ul><p>This often makes markets look irrational.</p><p>But in reality, markets are simply trying to reprice the future faster than the real economy can change.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6. The deeper truth behind market crashes</strong></h1><p>What is interesting is this:</p><p>During most crashes,<br>The world does not actually end.</p><p>People continue to:</p><ul><li><p>Work</p></li><li><p>Consume</p></li><li><p>Build businesses</p></li><li><p>Create technologies</p></li><li><p>And rebuild trust</p></li></ul><p>But in moments of panic, markets often behave as if recovery will never happen.</p><p>That is why:</p><p>Markets often overreact in the short term,<br>but eventually return toward fundamentals over the long term.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>Conclusion</strong></h1><p>Stocks crash faster than reality changes<br>because markets do not trade the present.</p><p>They trade:</p><ul><li><p>Expectations</p></li><li><p>Liquidity</p></li><li><p>Psychology</p></li><li><p>And fear about the future</p></li></ul><p>Reality moves slowly.</p><p>But fear reprices everything instantly.</p><p>And perhaps, that is what makes financial markets both fascinating<br>and deeply uncomfortable for human beings.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;09f9eb1f-e478-41ca-b6ad-99973d83723d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;-</p><h1><strong>V&#236; sao gi&#225; C&#7893; Phi&#7871;u thay &#273;&#7893;i nhanh h&#417;n t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; th&#7921;c t&#7871;</strong></h1><h2><strong>Th&#7921;c t&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7853;m. Gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i thay &#273;&#7893;i nhanh.</strong></h2><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&#243; hi&#7875;u:</p><p>T&#7841;i sao th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m 20&#8211;30% ch&#7881; trong v&#224;i tu&#7847;n,<br>trong khi ngo&#224;i &#273;&#7901;i m&#7885;i th&#7913; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; ch&#432;a thay &#273;&#7893;i nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7871;n v&#7853;y?</p><p>Doanh nghi&#7879;p v&#7851;n c&#242;n &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Nh&#224; m&#225;y v&#7851;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><p>Con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n &#273;i l&#224;m.</p><p>Cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p di&#7877;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng nh&#432; th&#7875; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i s&#7855;p k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y x&#7843;y ra v&#236;: th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.<br>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>V&#224; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; nhanh h&#417;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>1. C&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7911;a k&#7923; v&#7885;ng</strong></h1><p>Khi mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng mua k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a h&#244;m nay.</p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;ang mua:</p><ul><li><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p></li><li><p>V&#224; ni&#7873;m tin r&#7857;ng m&#7885;i th&#7913; s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#7921;c k&#7923; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i thay &#273;&#7893;i trong k&#7923; v&#7885;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t doanh nghi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ph&#225; s&#7843;n &#273;&#7875; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh.</p><p>Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng s&#7869; ch&#7853;m l&#7841;i</p></li><li><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n s&#7869; y&#7871;u &#273;i</p></li><li><p>Chi ph&#237; v&#7889;n s&#7869; t&#259;ng</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#234;u d&#249;ng s&#7869; th&#7853;n tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n</p></li></ul><p>&#8230; l&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#227; c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i r&#7845;t l&#7899;n.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>2. Th&#7921;c t&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7853;m. K&#7923; v&#7885;ng s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; r&#7845;t nhanh.</strong></h1><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p><p>Ngo&#224;i &#273;&#7901;i, m&#7885;i th&#7913; th&#432;&#7901;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i kh&#225; ch&#7853;m.</p><p>M&#7897;t n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; kh&#244;ng &#8220;bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t&#8221; sau m&#7897;t &#273;&#234;m.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#244;ng ty l&#7899;n kh&#244;ng m&#7845;t to&#224;n b&#7897; kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng trong v&#224;i ng&#224;y.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng tr&#234;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh, k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7921;c nhanh.</p><p>B&#7903;i v&#236; con ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7901; m&#7885;i th&#7913; x&#7843;y ra r&#7891;i m&#7899;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng.</p><p>H&#7885; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>V&#224; khi n&#7895;i s&#7907; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; cho k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n x&#7845;u nh&#7845;t tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#7843; khi th&#7921;c t&#7871; x&#225;c nh&#7853;n.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>3. Panic th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7841;nh h&#417;n fundamentals</strong></h1><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;m m&#7841;nh, gi&#225; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m nhanh h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i s&#7921; suy y&#7871;u th&#7853;t c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y x&#7843;y ra v&#236;: kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; fundamentals.</p><p>N&#243; c&#242;n l&#224; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; t&#226;m l&#253; v&#224; thanh kho&#7843;n.</p><p>Khi th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#7843;ng lo&#7841;n:</p><ul><li><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; mu&#7889;n gi&#7843;m r&#7911;i ro</p></li><li><p>Qu&#7929; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; b&#7883; r&#250;t v&#7889;n</p></li><li><p>Margin b&#7883; call</p></li><li><p>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c ph&#7843;i b&#225;n &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911; t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh</p></li></ul><p>Khi &#273;&#243;, m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#225;n kh&#244;ng h&#7859;n v&#236; doanh nghi&#7879;p &#8220;v&#244; gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221;.</p><p>H&#7885; b&#225;n v&#236; h&#7885; c&#7847;n ti&#7873;n m&#7863;t.<br>Ho&#7863;c c&#7847;n gi&#7843;m r&#7911;i ro ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c.</p><p>Trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, panic th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7841;nh h&#417;n fundamentals.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;b1d2addc-857b-4e54-9c8d-163f960b8a08&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Why gold rises when the world becomes uncertain&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Works in Crisis: A Macro Explanation of Flight-to-Safety&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-22T08:19:24.843Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yR9j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae338574-65f1-4e9f-878d-7bc42eebff4b_600x416.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-works-in-crisis-a-macro&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:191739176,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h1><strong>4. Khi thanh kho&#7843;n r&#250;t &#273;i, m&#7885;i th&#7913; thay &#273;&#7893;i r&#7845;t nhanh</strong></h1><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7907; nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i suy tho&#225;i.</p><p>M&#224; l&#224; thanh kho&#7843;n bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t.</p><p>Khi ti&#7873;n r&#7867; v&#224; thanh kho&#7843;n d&#7891;i d&#224;o:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; r&#7897;ng</p></li><li><p>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n r&#7911;i ro cao h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7877; t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng khi thanh kho&#7843;n b&#7883; r&#250;t &#273;i:</p><ul><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t t&#259;ng</p></li><li><p>T&#237;n d&#7909;ng co l&#7841;i</p></li><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7847;u c&#417; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>Appetite for risk gi&#7843;m nhanh</p></li></ul><p>th&#236; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh, ngay c&#7843; khi doanh nghi&#7879;p ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng gi&#7843;m tr&#432;&#7899;c khi d&#7919; li&#7879;u kinh t&#7871; x&#7845;u &#273;i r&#245; r&#7879;t.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>5. Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n lu&#244;n &#273;i tr&#432;&#7899;c th&#7921;c t&#7871;</strong></h1><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#7843;nh ch&#7909;p hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>N&#243; l&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7889; g&#7855;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y:</p><ul><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng gi&#7843;m tr&#432;&#7899;c suy tho&#225;i</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c tr&#432;&#7899;c khi kinh t&#7871; th&#7853;t s&#7921; t&#7889;t tr&#7903; l&#7841;i</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#244;i khi tr&#244;ng r&#7845;t &#8220;phi l&#253;&#8221;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t, n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;ang c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; cho t&#432;&#417;ng lai nhanh h&#417;n n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; th&#7921;c c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>6. S&#7921; th&#7853;t s&#226;u h&#417;n ph&#237;a sau nh&#7919;ng c&#250; crash</strong></h1><p>&#272;i&#7873;u th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224;:</p><p>Trong ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c cu&#7897;c crash, th&#7871; gi&#7899;i th&#7853;t s&#7921; kh&#244;ng k&#7871;t th&#250;c.</p><p>Con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c:</p><ul><li><p>L&#224;m vi&#7879;c</p></li><li><p>Ti&#234;u d&#249;ng</p></li><li><p>X&#226;y d&#7921;ng doanh nghi&#7879;p</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7893;i m&#7899;i c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; t&#225;i thi&#7871;t ni&#7873;m tin</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng trong kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c panic, th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#224;nh x&#7917; nh&#432; th&#7875; m&#7885;i th&#7913; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do:</p><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng qu&#225; m&#7913;c trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng quay v&#7873; fundamentals trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><div><hr></div><h1><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></h1><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u gi&#7843;m nhanh h&#417;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#236; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng giao d&#7883;ch hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>N&#243; giao d&#7883;ch:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng</p></li><li><p>Thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>T&#226;m l&#253;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; n&#7895;i s&#7907; v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p></li></ul><p>Th&#7921;c t&#7871; thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7853;m.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng n&#7895;i s&#7907; lu&#244;n &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i m&#7885;i th&#7913; r&#7845;t nhanh.</p><p>V&#224; c&#243; l&#7869;,<br>&#273;&#243; l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7871;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh v&#7915;a h&#7845;p d&#7851;n, v&#7915;a c&#7921;c k&#7923; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u v&#7899;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;dcacd8a1-e7d0-456a-babf-e0b8d09284a8&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;751bbfcf-dbe8-4469-9dbf-06c783744dd3&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gold and stocks are both assets.]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2026 03:07:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg" width="1456" height="953" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:953,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:11382713,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/197299190?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Gold and stocks are both assets.</p><p>But they represent two completely different beliefs about the world.</p><p>When you buy gold, you are preparing for the possibility that systems may become unstable.</p><p>When you buy stocks, you are betting that humans will continue to cooperate, innovate, and progress.</p><p>One exists outside the system.</p><p>The other can only thrive when the system functions well.</p><p>Gold protects against disorder.<br>Stocks depend on order.</p><h2><strong>1. Gold: value that does not require promises</strong></h2><p>The most unique thing about gold is this:</p><p>Gold does not need anyone to fulfill an obligation in order to retain value.</p><p>When you own gold:</p><ul><li><p>No CEO needs to perform well</p></li><li><p>No government needs to stay disciplined</p></li><li><p>No central bank needs to remain credible</p></li><li><p>No company needs to keep growing</p></li><li><p>No financial system needs to function smoothly</p></li></ul><p>Gold simply exists.</p><p>Its value comes from:</p><ul><li><p>Scarcity</p></li><li><p>Durability</p></li><li><p>Global recognition</p></li><li><p>And thousands of years of collective human trust</p></li></ul><p>Gold does not generate growth.</p><p>But in exchange, it also does not depend on the competence of others.</p><p>That is why gold tends to strengthen when confidence in systems weakens.</p><h2><strong>2. Stocks: trust in organized human behavior</strong></h2><p>Stocks are the opposite.</p><p>When you buy stocks, you are not buying certainty.</p><p>You are buying the belief that in the future, many people will continue behaving in disciplined and productive ways.</p><p>You are trusting that:</p><ul><li><p>Management will allocate capital wisely</p></li><li><p>Employees will continue creating value</p></li><li><p>Consumers will keep spending</p></li><li><p>Governments will maintain stability</p></li><li><p>Financial systems will continue functioning</p></li><li><p>Markets will remain liquid</p></li></ul><p>A stock is ultimately a social contract.</p><p>Its value depends on many people continuing to cooperate in the future.</p><h2><strong>3. Gold protects against disorder. Stocks require order to grow.</strong></h2><p>This is the most important distinction.</p><p>Gold performs well when trust becomes fragile.</p><p>Stocks perform well when trust becomes abundant.</p><p>Gold asks:</p><p>&#8220;What if systems fail?&#8221;</p><p>Stocks ask:</p><p>&#8220;What if systems continue improving?&#8221;</p><p>That is why during crises, the two assets often behave very differently.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;0a742fb6-4b23-45fc-822f-54a39411f9a6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.412Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. Why stocks usually outperform gold over long periods</strong></h2><p>Over very long periods, stocks tend to outperform gold.</p><p>Not because gold is &#8220;bad.&#8221;</p><p>But because human civilization continuously creates growth.</p><p>Humans:</p><ul><li><p>Invent new technologies</p></li><li><p>Improve productivity</p></li><li><p>Expand trade</p></li><li><p>Build infrastructure</p></li><li><p>Create new industries</p></li></ul><p>Stocks absorb that expansion.</p><p>Gold does not.</p><p>Gold preserves value.<br>Stocks compound value.</p><p>These are two completely different roles.</p><h2><strong>5. Why gold still matters</strong></h2><p>If stocks represent trust in progress, gold represents protection against the fragility of systems.</p><p>Even advanced societies remain vulnerable to:</p><ul><li><p>Banking crises</p></li><li><p>Asset bubbles</p></li><li><p>Excessive debt</p></li><li><p>Policy mistakes</p></li><li><p>High inflation</p></li><li><p>Wars</p></li><li><p>Geopolitical fragmentation</p></li></ul><p>And when those things happen, investors begin searching for assets that do not depend on promises.</p><p>That is when gold returns.</p><h2><strong>6. A simple way to think about it</strong></h2><p>Gold</p><blockquote><p>An asset that does not require trust</p></blockquote><p>Stocks</p><blockquote><p>An asset that depends on trust in people and systems</p></blockquote><h2><strong>Conclusion</strong></h2><p>In the end, the difference between gold and stocks is not really about returns.</p><p>It is about how they respond to trust.</p><p>Stocks become stronger when people believe the future will improve.</p><p>Gold becomes stronger when people begin to question that belief.</p><p>One asset reflects the expansion of civilization.</p><p>The other reflects the fear that civilization itself may become unstable.</p><p>And history suggests:</p><p>the world has always needed both.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;62fa6a9f-9264-417c-96e0-f6baf6c39c85&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Why Bond Investors Fear Inflation More Than Stock Investors&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Bonds Are the Price of Time&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-27T02:38:04.107Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kyCi!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa8b3353-3406-44f6-9241-c64a8e5cfa8d_1536x1024.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/bonds-are-the-price-of-time&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203784525,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u vs V&#224;ng: M&#7897;t b&#234;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o ni&#7873;m tin, m&#7897;t b&#234;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ni&#7873;m tin</strong></h1><p>V&#224;ng v&#224; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho hai ni&#7873;m tin ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c nhau v&#7873; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i.</p><p>Khi mua v&#224;ng, b&#7841;n &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n b&#7845;t &#7893;n.</p><p>Khi mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#273;&#7863;t c&#432;&#7907;c r&#7857;ng con ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#7907;p t&#225;c, &#273;&#7893;i m&#7899;i v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i ngo&#224;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n ch&#7881; c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng v&#7853;n h&#224;nh t&#7889;t.</p><p>Gold protects against disorder.<br>Stocks depend on order.</p><h2><strong>1. V&#224;ng: gi&#225; tr&#7883; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ai ph&#7843;i gi&#7919; l&#7901;i</strong></h2><p>&#272;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a v&#224;ng l&#224;:</p><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ai th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ngh&#297;a v&#7909; &#273;&#7875; n&#243; c&#242;n gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>Khi b&#7841;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919; v&#224;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n CEO v&#7853;n h&#224;nh t&#7889;t</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#225;ng tin</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n doanh nghi&#7879;p t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng tr&#417;n tru</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#243; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7897; khan hi&#7871;m</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n n&#259;m con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#249;ng tin v&#224;o n&#243;</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o ra t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7893;i l&#7841;i, n&#243; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do v&#224;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#7841;nh l&#234;n khi ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng suy y&#7871;u.</p><h2><strong>2. C&#7893; phi&#7871;u: ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o h&#224;nh vi c&#243; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i</strong></h2><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#236; ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i.</p><p>Khi mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng mua s&#7921; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n.</p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;ang mua ni&#7873;m tin r&#7857;ng trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai, r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u con ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#224;nh x&#7917; c&#243; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t.</p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;ang tin r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o s&#7869; ph&#226;n b&#7893; v&#7889;n h&#7907;p l&#253;</p></li><li><p>Nh&#226;n vi&#234;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#7841;o ra gi&#225; tr&#7883;</p></li><li><p>Kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng v&#7851;n ti&#234;u d&#249;ng</p></li><li><p>Ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; duy tr&#236; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li><li><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh</p></li><li><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7851;n c&#242;n thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li></ul><p>M&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i.</p><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#243; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o vi&#7879;c r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c h&#7907;p t&#225;c v&#7899;i nhau trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><h2><strong>3. V&#224;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; kh&#7887;i h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n. C&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#7847;n tr&#7853;t t&#7921; &#273;&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n.</strong></h2><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p><p>V&#224;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t khi ni&#7873;m tin tr&#7903; n&#234;n mong manh.</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t khi ni&#7873;m tin tr&#7903; n&#234;n d&#7891;i d&#224;o.</p><p>V&#224;ng &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p>&#8220;N&#7871;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#236; sao?&#8221;</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p>&#8220;N&#7871;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#236; sao?&#8221;</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng,<br>hai lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng r&#7845;t kh&#225;c nhau.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;aa9076f4-046a-4027-bab3-8be2ac84a46c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;If I had to describe the stock market in a single word, I wouldn&#8217;t choose &#8220;stocks.&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are a Social System, Not Just an Asset&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-11T02:33:42.382Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!eMEm!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe2efd27-1ff1-485f-970c-06f2c1ce16be_3000x2001.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-a-social-system-not-just&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201540614,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. V&#236; sao c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#432;&#7907;t v&#224;ng trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n?</strong></h2><p>Trong r&#7845;t d&#224;i h&#7841;n, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i h&#417;n v&#224;ng.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; v&#224;ng &#8220;k&#233;m&#8221;.</p><p>M&#224; v&#236; x&#227; h&#7897;i lo&#224;i ng&#432;&#7901;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c t&#7841;o ra t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>Con ng&#432;&#7901;i:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#225;t minh c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; m&#7899;i</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng n&#259;ng su&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>M&#7903; r&#7897;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i</p></li><li><p>X&#226;y h&#7841; t&#7847;ng</p></li><li><p>T&#7841;o ra ng&#224;nh ngh&#7873; m&#7899;i</p></li></ul><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u h&#7845;p th&#7909; ph&#7847;n t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#243;.</p><p>V&#224;ng th&#236; kh&#244;ng.</p><p>V&#224;ng gi&#7919; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.<br>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; hai vai tr&#242; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c nhau.</p><h2><strong>5. Nh&#432;ng v&#236; sao v&#224;ng v&#7851;n quan tr&#7885;ng?</strong></h2><p>N&#7871;u c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o ti&#7871;n b&#7897;, th&#236; v&#224;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho s&#7921; ph&#242;ng th&#7911; tr&#432;&#7899;c t&#237;nh mong manh c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p>Ngay c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n nh&#7845;t v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7863;p:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>Bong b&#243;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>N&#7907; c&#244;ng qu&#225; m&#7913;c</p></li><li><p>Sai l&#7847;m ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch</p></li><li><p>L&#7841;m ph&#225;t cao</p></li><li><p>Chi&#7871;n tranh</p></li><li><p>Ph&#226;n m&#7843;nh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;</p></li></ul><p>V&#224; khi &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; x&#7843;y ra, nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#236;m ki&#7871;m th&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o l&#7901;i h&#7913;a c&#7911;a ai.</p><p>&#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#250;c v&#224;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i.</p><h2><strong>6.M&#7897;t c&#225;ch nh&#236;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n</strong></h2><p>V&#224;ng</p><blockquote><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ni&#7873;m tin</p></blockquote><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u</p><blockquote><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7847;n ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</p></blockquote><h2><strong>K&#7871;t </strong></h2><p>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a v&#224;ng v&#224; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921; n&#7857;m &#7903; l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n.</p><p>N&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; c&#225;ch ch&#250;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i ni&#7873;m tin.</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u m&#7841;nh l&#234;n khi con ng&#432;&#7901;i tin r&#7857;ng t&#432;&#417;ng lai s&#7869; t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p><p>V&#224;ng m&#7841;nh l&#234;n khi con ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u nghi ng&#7901; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p><p>M&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng c&#7911;a n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh.</p><p>M&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#7843;n &#225;nh n&#7895;i s&#7907; r&#7857;ng n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh c&#243; th&#7875; m&#7845;t &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>V&#224; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; cho th&#7845;y:</p><p>Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i lu&#244;n c&#7847;n c&#7843; hai.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>READ MORE</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;beb64f73-dc23-4eb6-bbb9-e7a4421541bb&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When investors talk about portfolio defense, gold usually comes first.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Silver and Portfolio Thinking: When Defense Is No Longer Simple&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-08T02:55:33.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/silver-and-portfolio-thinking-when&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193033573,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;af1adcc9-38c7-4ab3-b1f9-f8936f767cd4&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Stocks Are Trust in Other People’s Discipline]]></title><description><![CDATA[Equity as a social contract, not just a financial asset]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 09:37:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2381382,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/194165371?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.</p><p>But stocks are not an &#8220;upgrade&#8221; from gold or silver.<br>They represent a fundamentally different form of trust.</p><p>When you buy gold, you don&#8217;t need to trust anyone.<br>When you buy silver, you accept disorder and imperfection in the system.</p><p>But when you buy stocks, you are doing something deeply human:</p><blockquote><p><strong>You are trusting that other people will act with discipline in the future.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>Stocks were born from the need to share risk</h2><p>Historically, stocks did not emerge to enable speculation.</p><p>Early forms of equity appeared in the 17th century, when overseas trade and long&#8209;distance sea voyages became too risky for any single individual to finance alone.<br>Companies such as the <strong>Dutch East India Company (VOC)</strong> allowed many investors to pool capital, sharing profits and losses.</p><p>From the beginning, stocks were designed to:</p><ul><li><p>Distribute risk</p></li><li><p>Mobilize long&#8209;term capital</p></li><li><p>Align the incentives of many individuals within one organization</p></li></ul><p>Equity has always been tied to <strong>trust in people and organizational discipline</strong>.</p><h2>Stocks are not paper - they are expectations</h2><p>In form, a stock is just a piece of paper or an electronic record.<br>Its value does not come from the paper itself.</p><p>A stock represents:</p><ul><li><p>Future cash flows</p></li><li><p>Long&#8209;term earning power</p></li><li><p>And, most importantly, managerial competence</p></li></ul><p>When you buy a stock, you implicitly assume that:</p><ul><li><p>Management will allocate capital rationally</p></li><li><p>The organization will not destroy itself</p></li><li><p>The legal system will protect ownership rights</p></li></ul><p>This is not a single assumption.<br>It is a <strong>chain of interdependent beliefs</strong>.</p><h2>Why stocks dominated the 20th century</h2><p>Much of equity&#8217;s historical success occurred during the 20th century &#8212; a period marked by:</p><ul><li><p>Increasingly stable governments</p></li><li><p>Clearer corporate laws</p></li><li><p>Maturing financial institutions</p></li></ul><p>After World War II, stocks benefited from:</p><ul><li><p>Sustained economic growth</p></li><li><p>The expansion of the middle class</p></li><li><p>Improving corporate governance</p></li></ul><p>What is often overlooked is this:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Stocks thrive not during glamorous periods,<br>but during long stretches of stability and institutional boredom.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>Stocks need a boring world to work</h2><p>Stocks perform best when:</p><ul><li><p>Rules do not change constantly</p></li><li><p>Fraud is punished</p></li><li><p>Mistakes are acknowledged rather than hidden</p></li></ul><p>They rely on:</p><ul><li><p>Procedural dullness</p></li><li><p>Organizational discipline</p></li><li><p>The belief that rewards come from doing things right, not from breaking the system</p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>Stocks need a boring world to shine.</strong></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;a53c2c24-b9e1-48b5-b8ed-e5d43ec75fd6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.412Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>History also shows how fragile stocks can be</h2><p>That trust has never been permanent.</p><p>The history of equity markets is filled with episodes of disappointment:</p><ul><li><p>The South Sea Bubble</p></li><li><p>The 1929 crash</p></li><li><p>The dot&#8209;com bubble</p></li><li><p>The 2008 financial crisis</p></li></ul><p>In many cases, the failure was not technological.<br>It was structural:</p><ul><li><p>Governance collapsed</p></li><li><p>Incentives became distorted</p></li><li><p>Discipline eroded</p></li></ul><p>Stocks rarely collapse overnight.<br>They lose attractiveness quietly, through:</p><ul><li><p>Valuation compression</p></li><li><p>Declining confidence</p></li><li><p>Prolonged indifference</p></li></ul><h2>Stocks are a test of social trust</h2><p>Unlike gold or silver - assets that need no explanation - stocks are deeply social instruments.</p><p>You are trusting that:</p><ul><li><p>Others will behave ethically</p></li><li><p>Institutions will repair themselves</p></li><li><p>Rules will remain broadly enforceable</p></li></ul><p>When social trust weakens, holding stocks becomes uncomfortable - not because of volatility, but because <strong>the underlying belief system starts to crack</strong>.</p><h2>Why those who understand stocks often feel less attached to them</h2><p>There is a quiet paradox in markets:</p><p>Those who understand equities most deeply are often <strong>less eager to rely on them completely</strong>.</p><p>Not because stocks are inferior,<br>but because they recognize:</p><ul><li><p>How dependent equity returns are on human behavior</p></li><li><p>How fragile organizational discipline can be</p></li><li><p>How large the gap can be between value and price</p></li></ul><p>Stocks require comfort with this reality:</p><blockquote><p><strong>You are putting capital under the control of people you do not govern.</strong></p></blockquote><p>Not everyone finds that tolerable.</p><h2>Where stocks sit on the trust ladder</h2><p>If assets are arranged by how much trust they demand:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Gold</strong>: trust no one</p></li><li><p><strong>Silver</strong>: accept disorder</p></li><li><p><strong>Stocks</strong>: trust institutions and people</p></li></ul><p>Stocks occupy the point where:</p><ul><li><p>Growth becomes possible</p></li><li><p>But trust risk accelerates</p></li></ul><p>This is a critical transition in financial thinking.</p><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>Stocks are not &#8220;high&#8209;risk assets.&#8221;<br>They are <strong>high&#8209;trust assets</strong>.</p><p>History shows:</p><ul><li><p>When organizational discipline is respected, stocks create immense wealth</p></li><li><p>When trust erodes, stocks become far more fragile than they appear</p></li></ul><p>Understanding stocks is not just about reading financial statements.<br>It is about understanding <strong>what you are trusting and how much trust you are prepared to give</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;abd7177c-c19e-41e0-bd26-2f00b03cdbc7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sometimes, the bond market can be more powerful than the central bank.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Controls the Cost of Capital?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-23T12:45:01.421Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rbnc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02d22a15-272b-4ad5-8fe5-b34397400843_1828x1056.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-controls-the-cost-of-capital&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:203238394,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o k&#7927; lu&#7853;t c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c</strong></h1><p>Sau v&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; b&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;p theo m&#224; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; &#273;i qua khi b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8220;b&#7843;n n&#226;ng c&#7845;p&#8221; c&#7911;a v&#224;ng hay b&#7841;c.<br>N&#243; l&#224; <strong>m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ni&#7873;m tin ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#225;c</strong>.</p><p>Khi b&#7841;n mua v&#224;ng, b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n tin ai.<br>Khi b&#7841;n mua b&#7841;c, b&#7841;n ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n s&#7921; h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><p>C&#242;n khi b&#7841;n mua c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m m&#7897;t vi&#7879;c r&#7845;t con ng&#432;&#7901;i:</p><blockquote><p><strong>B&#7841;n tin r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t nh&#243;m ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c s&#7869; l&#224;m vi&#7879;c c&#243; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u ra &#273;&#7901;i t&#7915; nhu c&#7847;u chia s&#7867; r&#7911;i ro</h2><p>V&#7873; m&#7863;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917;, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng sinh ra &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7847;u c&#417;.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng h&#236;nh th&#7913;c c&#7893; ph&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; th&#7871; k&#7927; 17, khi c&#225;c chuy&#7871;n h&#7843;i h&#224;nh xuy&#234;n &#273;&#7841;i d&#432;&#417;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n qu&#225; r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#7875; m&#7897;t c&#225; nh&#226;n &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; g&#225;nh ch&#7883;u.<br>C&#225;c c&#244;ng ty nh&#432; <strong>Dutch East India Company (VOC)</strong> cho ph&#233;p nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#243;p v&#7889;n, chia s&#7867; l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n &#8212; v&#224; c&#7843; thua l&#7895;.</p><p>B&#7843;n ch&#7845;t ban &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#226;n t&#225;n r&#7911;i ro</p></li><li><p>Huy &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7889;n d&#224;i h&#7841;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; g&#7855;n l&#7907;i &#237;ch c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224;o m&#7897;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c</p></li></ul><p>Ngay t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#227; g&#7855;n ch&#7863;t v&#7899;i <strong>ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c</strong>.</p><h2>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; gi&#7845;y - m&#224; l&#224; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng</h2><p>V&#7873; h&#236;nh th&#7913;c, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#7901; gi&#7845;y (ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t d&#242;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u).<br>Nh&#432;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#243; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; t&#7901; gi&#7845;y &#273;&#243;.</p><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho:</p><ul><li><p>D&#242;ng ti&#7873;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng sinh l&#7907;i b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</p></li><li><p>V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t: <strong>n&#259;ng l&#7921;c qu&#7843;n tr&#7883;</strong></p></li></ul><p>Khi b&#7841;n mua m&#7897;t c&#7893; phi&#7871;u, b&#7841;n &#273;&#7863;t ni&#7873;m tin r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Ban l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o s&#7869; ph&#226;n b&#7893; v&#7889;n h&#7907;p l&#253;</p></li><li><p>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c kh&#244;ng t&#7921; ph&#225; h&#7911;y ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#225;p l&#253; &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; quy&#7873;n s&#7903; h&#7919;u</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t ni&#7873;m tin &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>chu&#7895;i gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh ch&#7891;ng l&#234;n nhau</strong>.</p><h2>V&#236; sao c&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#7855;ng l&#7899;n trong th&#7871; k&#7927; 20?</h2><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n th&#224;nh c&#244;ng c&#7911;a c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7871;n trong th&#7871; k&#7927; 20 - giai &#273;o&#7841;n m&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>Nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>Lu&#7853;t doanh nghi&#7879;p r&#245; r&#224;ng h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; c&#225;c th&#7875; ch&#7871; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh d&#7847;n</p></li></ul><p>Sau Th&#7871; chi&#7871;n II, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7907;i t&#7915;:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871; d&#224;i h&#7841;n</p></li><li><p>M&#7903; r&#7897;ng t&#7847;ng l&#7899;p trung l&#432;u</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng chuy&#234;n nghi&#7879;p</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i trong nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i k&#7923; h&#224;o nho&#225;ng,<br>m&#224; trong nh&#7919;ng giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#8220;b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; t&#7867; nh&#7841;t&#8221;.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i&#8230; boring</h2><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t khi:</p><ul><li><p>Lu&#7853;t ch&#417;i kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c</p></li><li><p>Gian l&#7853;n b&#7883; tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t</p></li><li><p>V&#224; sai l&#7847;m kh&#244;ng b&#7883; che gi&#7845;u</p></li></ul><p>N&#243; c&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p>S&#7921; nh&#224;m ch&#225;n c&#7911;a quy tr&#236;nh</p></li><li><p>K&#7927; lu&#7853;t c&#7911;a t&#7893; ch&#7913;c</p></li><li><p>V&#224; ni&#7873;m tin r&#7857;ng ph&#7847;n th&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ph&#225; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</p></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u c&#7847;n m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i boring &#273;&#7875; t&#7887;a s&#225;ng.</strong></p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;4cd1086c-a20b-4697-ac37-d6ec893abc7a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-12T03:07:00.230Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:197299190,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>Nh&#432;ng l&#7883;ch s&#7917; c&#361;ng cho th&#7845;y c&#7893; phi&#7871;u r&#7845;t mong manh</h2><p>Ni&#7873;m tin &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng.</p><p>L&#7883;ch s&#7917; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n c&#243; &#273;&#7847;y r&#7851;y v&#237; d&#7909;:</p><ul><li><p>Bong b&#243;ng South Sea</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng 1929</p></li><li><p>Dot&#8209;com bubble</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh 2008</p></li></ul><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; hay &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng, m&#224; n&#7857;m &#7903;:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7927; lu&#7853;t qu&#7843;n tr&#7883; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893;</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c b&#7883; b&#224;o m&#242;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch sai l&#7879;ch</p></li></ul><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c.<br>Ch&#250;ng <strong>m&#7845;t gi&#225; tr&#7883; d&#7847;n d&#7847;n</strong>, th&#244;ng qua:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7883;nh gi&#225; b&#7883; n&#233;n</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin suy gi&#7843;m</p></li><li><p>V&#224; s&#7921; th&#7901; &#417; k&#233;o d&#224;i</p></li></ul><h2>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; b&#224;i ki&#7875;m tra v&#7873; ni&#7873;m tin x&#227; h&#7897;i</h2><p>Kh&#225;c v&#7899;i v&#224;ng hay b&#7841;c &#8212; t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ai &#8220;gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch&#8221;,<br>c&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i tin r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c s&#7869; c&#432; x&#7917; c&#243; tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m</p></li><li><p>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c s&#7869; s&#7917;a sai khi c&#7847;n</p></li><li><p>V&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i qua kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng</p></li></ul><p>Khi ni&#7873;m tin x&#227; h&#7897;i suy y&#7871;u, vi&#7879;c n&#7855;m gi&#7919; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#243; ch&#7883;u - kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#225;,<br>m&#224; v&#236; <strong>ni&#7873;m tin n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng &#273;&#227; lung lay</strong>.</p><h2>V&#236; sao ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7875;u s&#226;u th&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;ch&#225;n c&#7893; phi&#7871;u&#8221;?</h2><p>M&#7897;t ngh&#7883;ch l&#253; th&#250; v&#7883; c&#7911;a th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7875;u r&#245; nh&#7845;t v&#7873; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#7841;i th&#432;&#7901;ng &#237;t h&#7913;ng th&#250; v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c ho&#224;n to&#224;n v&#224;o ch&#250;ng.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; c&#7893; phi&#7871;u k&#233;m, m&#224; v&#236; h&#7885; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o con ng&#432;&#7901;i</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; mong manh c&#7911;a k&#7927; lu&#7853;t t&#7853;p th&#7875;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7919;a gi&#225; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; gi&#225; tr&#7883; d&#224;i h&#7841;n</p></li></ul><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i tho&#7843;i m&#225;i v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c:</p><blockquote><p><strong>&#272;&#7863;t ti&#7873;n v&#224;o tay nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ki&#7875;m so&#225;t.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u &#273;&#7913;ng &#7903; &#273;&#226;u trong &#8220;thang ni&#7873;m tin&#8221;?</h2><p>N&#7871;u x&#7871;p t&#224;i s&#7843;n theo m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ni&#7873;m tin:</p><ul><li><p><strong>V&#224;ng</strong>: kh&#244;ng tin ai</p></li><li><p><strong>B&#7841;c</strong>: ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n</p></li><li><p><strong>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u</strong>: tin v&#224;o t&#7893; ch&#7913;c v&#224; con ng&#432;&#7901;i</p></li></ul><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng r&#7911;i ro ni&#7873;m tin c&#361;ng t&#259;ng nhanh</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#7863;t quan tr&#7885;ng trong t&#432; duy t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><h2>K&#7871;t</h2><p>C&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#8220;r&#7911;i ro cao&#8221;.<br>N&#243; l&#224; <strong>t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ni&#7873;m tin cao</strong>.</p><p>L&#7883;ch s&#7917; cho th&#7845;y:</p><ul><li><p>Khi k&#7927; lu&#7853;t t&#7893; ch&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#244;n tr&#7885;ng, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; t&#7841;o c&#7911;a c&#7843;i m&#7841;nh m&#7869;</p></li><li><p>Khi ni&#7873;m tin suy gi&#7843;m, c&#7893; phi&#7871;u tr&#7903; n&#234;n mong manh h&#417;n v&#7867; ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a n&#243;</p></li></ul><p>Hi&#7875;u c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;&#7885;c b&#225;o c&#225;o t&#224;i ch&#237;nh,<br>m&#224; l&#224; hi&#7875;u <strong>b&#7841;n &#273;ang tin v&#224;o &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; v&#224; tin t&#7899;i m&#7913;c n&#224;o.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>READ MORE</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;c875b987-d376-4ead-b878-fe46356946f3&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When people talk about the energy transition, the narrative is usually very positive.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Silver Matters More Than You Think in the Energy Transition &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-05T01:46:02.819Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-silver-matters-more-than-you&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193046613,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;8dd1d806-0c13-4072-b53c-037c126ef6e8&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;More than 5,000 years ago, ancient civilizations were already using gold as a store of value.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Gold: Why a &#8220;Non-Yielding&#8221; Asset Has Survived 5,000 Years&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. 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Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-14T02:02:19.678Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!WTkC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39a22f28-7d41-44b1-af2d-6649cd591383_5184x3456.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-why-a-non-yielding-asset-has&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:190901621,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Who Really Should Own Silver?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Silver is a psychological test, not a knowledge test]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 01:06:38 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:725670,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/193667801?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221; </p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;high&#8209;upside,&#8221; </p><p style="text-align: justify;">or &#8220;a beneficiary of the energy transition.&#8221;</p><p>But very few people ask the more important question:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Who should actually own silver?</strong></p></blockquote><p>Not everyone who buys silver does so for the same reason.<br>And not every portfolio is suited to holding it.</p><h2>1. Silver is not for most investors</h2><p>It needs to be said clearly:<br><strong>most investors should not own silver.</strong></p><p>Not because silver is a bad asset, but because it demands a very different kind of tolerance.</p><p>Silver:</p><ul><li><p>Is more volatile than gold</p></li><li><p>Reacts slowly in crises</p></li><li><p>Often makes holders question their own decisions</p></li></ul><p>If you need:</p><ul><li><p>Stability</p></li><li><p>Constant reassurance</p></li><li><p>Quick confirmation from the market</p></li></ul><p>Silver will likely exhaust you more than it helps you.</p><h2>2. What kind of investor is silver suited for?</h2><p>Silver does not require forecasting skill.<br>It requires the ability to live with prolonged uncertainty.</p><p>Investors who can hold silver healthily often share a few traits.</p><h3>- They don&#8217;t need immediate validation</h3><p>Investors suited for silver:</p><ul><li><p>Do not need fast price reactions</p></li><li><p>Do not need to be right in the short term</p></li><li><p>Accept being right long before the market agrees</p></li></ul><p>Silver often stays quiet for extended periods.<br>If that makes you uncomfortable, silver is probably not for you.</p><h3>- They understand role, not upside</h3><p>Silver is <strong>not a get&#8209;rich&#8209;quick investment</strong>.<br>It is also not a clean defensive asset like gold.</p><p>Investors who hold silver well tend to:</p><ul><li><p>Treat it as a supplement, not a core position</p></li><li><p>Avoid expecting silver to &#8220;save&#8221; the portfolio</p></li><li><p>Avoid comparing silver&#8217;s performance to equities</p></li></ul><p>They do not ask:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;When will silver rise?&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>They ask:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;What risk is silver helping me absorb?&#8221;</p></blockquote><h3>- They respect allocation discipline</h3><p>Silver punishes all&#8209;in behavior.<br>It works best when held at a small, intentional allocation.</p><p>Suitable investors:</p><ul><li><p>Keep silver as a satellite position</p></li><li><p>Do not let its volatility dominate portfolio emotions</p></li><li><p>Accept long periods where silver simply <em>does nothing</em></p></li></ul><p>This is a form of quiet patience.</p><h2>3. Who should not own silver?</h2><p>Clarity here prevents disappointment.</p><p>You should reconsider silver if:</p><ul><li><p>You bought it because &#8220;it will follow gold&#8221;</p></li><li><p>You need steady reassurance to feel comfortable</p></li><li><p>You struggle with long sideways markets</p></li></ul><p>In such cases, the problem is not silver<br>It is <strong>misplaced expectations</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;00d708c0-a7fc-4b18-9295-ceae149970a5&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When the Federal Reserve announced that it would leave interest rates unchanged at its first meeting under Chairman Kevin Warsh, the market was hardly surprised.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The Fed Held Rates Steady. But a New Era May Have Just Begun.&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-20T03:19:33.412Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!2wQ6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe38c4598-98d8-4326-9a21-06fb2f379215_1200x801.webp&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/the-fed-held-rates-steady-but-a-new&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202798370,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>4. Portfolio size matters more than people think</h2><p>The same asset behaves differently depending on portfolio size.</p><ul><li><p>In smaller portfolios:</p><ul><li><p>Silver offers early exposure to real assets</p></li><li><p>Volatility is tolerable because position size is small</p></li></ul></li><li><p>In larger portfolios:</p><ul><li><p>Silver belongs strictly as a satellite allocation</p></li><li><p>It does not replace gold or core equity exposure</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>Silver is <strong>unsuited to carrying the full burden of a portfolio</strong>.</p><h2>5. Silver is a psychological test, not a knowledge test</h2><p>You don&#8217;t need deep supply&#8209;demand data to hold silver.<br>But you do need to understand your own tolerance.</p><p>Holding silver often means:</p><ul><li><p>Enduring the feeling of being wrong</p></li><li><p>Being ignored by markets</p></li><li><p>Maintaining conviction without external confirmation</p></li></ul><p>This is a test of temperament, not intelligence.</p><h2>Conclusion</h2><p>Silver is not for everyone.<br>And that is perfectly fine.</p><p>Silver suits investors who:</p><ul><li><p>Understand its role</p></li><li><p>Accept discomfort</p></li><li><p>Do not require immediate applause from the market</p></li></ul><p>If you read this and thought:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;That sounds like me&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>Then silver <em>might</em> fit your portfolio.</p><p>If not,<br>choosing not to own silver is also a valid decision.</p><p>In investing, the goal is not<br><em>owning the right assets</em>,<br>but <strong>owning assets that fit who you are</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;e8d3f3ed-8ba9-46bb-8f2b-fba1c60a0cb4&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>Ai th&#7853;t s&#7921; ph&#249; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7875; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c?</strong></h1><p style="text-align: justify;">B&#7841;c lu&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#243;i &#273;&#7871;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n  &#8220;v&#224;ng r&#7867;&#8221;, </p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7853;t m&#7841;nh&#8221;, </p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7907;i t&#7915; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng&#8221;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng r&#7845;t &#237;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Ai th&#7921;c s&#7921; n&#234;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c?</strong></p></blockquote><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ai mua b&#7841;c c&#361;ng gi&#7889;ng nhau.<br>V&#224; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i danh m&#7909;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i b&#7841;c.</p><h2>1. B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i d&#224;nh cho s&#7889; &#273;&#244;ng</h2><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7871;t c&#7847;n n&#243;i th&#7859;ng:<br><strong>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; kh&#244;ng n&#234;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c.</strong></p><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; b&#7841;c &#8220;x&#7845;u&#8221;, m&#224; v&#236; b&#7841;c &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i m&#7897;t ki&#7875;u ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng r&#7845;t kh&#225;c.</p><p>B&#7841;c:</p><ul><li><p>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh h&#417;n v&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ch&#7853;m trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng</p></li><li><p>Th&#432;&#7901;ng khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7847;m <em>nghi ng&#7901; ch&#237;nh quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh</em></p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n c&#7847;n:</p><ul><li><p>S&#7921; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li><li><p>c&#7843;m gi&#225;c an to&#224;n li&#234;n t&#7909;c</p></li><li><p>confirmation t&#7915; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng</p></li></ul><p>Th&#236; b&#7841;c s&#7869; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n m&#7879;t m&#7887;i nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n l&#224; mang l&#7841;i gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><h2>2. B&#7841;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o?</h2><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i b&#7841;n gi&#7887;i d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n.<br>N&#243; &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i b&#7841;n <strong>ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; kh&#244;ng ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n k&#233;o d&#224;i</strong>.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7875; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t v&#224;i &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m sau:</p><h3>- Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;&#273;&#7891;ng &#253;&#8221; ngay</h3><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i b&#7841;c:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n gi&#225; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng nhanh</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n &#273;&#250;ng trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n vi&#7879;c m&#236;nh <em>&#273;ang &#273;&#250;ng nh&#432;ng th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#432;a c&#244;ng nh&#7853;n</em></p></li></ul><p>B&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng im l&#7863;ng r&#7845;t l&#226;u.<br>N&#7871;u &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; l&#224;m b&#7841;n kh&#243; ch&#7883;u, b&#7841;c kh&#244;ng d&#224;nh cho b&#7841;n.</p><h3>- Hi&#7875;u vai tr&#242;, kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7863;t k&#7923; v&#7885;ng qu&#225; m&#7913;c</h3><p>B&#7841;c <strong>kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; l&#224;m gi&#224;u nhanh</strong>.<br>N&#243; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;t&#7847;ng ph&#242;ng th&#7911; ho&#224;n h&#7843;o&#8221; nh&#432; v&#224;ng.</p><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c m&#7897;t c&#225;ch l&#224;nh m&#7841;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Xem b&#7841;c l&#224; ph&#7847;n <strong>b&#7893; sung</strong>, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i trung t&#226;m</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng b&#7841;c &#8220;c&#7913;u&#8221; danh m&#7909;c m&#7885;i l&#250;c</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng so hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t b&#7841;c v&#7899;i c&#7893; phi&#7871;u</p></li></ul><p>H&#7885; kh&#244;ng h&#7887;i:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;B&#7841;c bao gi&#7901; t&#259;ng?&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>M&#224; h&#7887;i:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;B&#7841;c &#273;ang b&#7843;o v&#7879; m&#236;nh kh&#7887;i r&#7911;i ro g&#236;?&#8221;</p></blockquote><h3>- C&#243; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t ph&#226;n b&#7893;</h3><p>B&#7841;c tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t vi&#7879;c all&#8209;in.<br>Nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; &#7903; t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng nh&#7887;, c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Gi&#7919; b&#7841;c nh&#432; m&#7897;t v&#7879; tinh trong danh m&#7909;c</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7841;c chi ph&#7889;i c&#7843;m x&#250;c t&#7893;ng th&#7875;</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng &#273;&#244;i khi b&#7841;c <em>ch&#7881; n&#7857;m &#273;&#243;, kh&#244;ng l&#224;m g&#236;</em></p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; ki&#7875;u ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n kh&#244;ng &#7891;n &#224;o.</p><h2>3. Nh&#7919;ng ai <strong>kh&#244;ng</strong> n&#234;n n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c?</h2><p>N&#243;i r&#245; &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y gi&#250;p tr&#225;nh r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u th&#7845;t v&#7885;ng.</p><p>B&#7841;n n&#234;n c&#226;n nh&#7855;c l&#7841;i n&#7871;u:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;n mua b&#7841;c v&#236; &#8220;nghe n&#243;i n&#243; s&#7869; theo v&#224;ng&#8221;</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;n c&#7847;n c&#7843;m gi&#225;c ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n &#273;&#7875; ng&#7911; ngon</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;n th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7855;t l&#7895; v&#236; <em>kh&#244;ng ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i ngang</em></p></li></ul><p>Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p &#273;&#243;, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; b&#7841;c <br>m&#224; l&#224; <strong>k&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#273;&#7863;t sai ch&#7895;</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;a6e5bae3-d3c5-4da9-b7d2-63951b558951&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn&#8217;t in My Suitcase&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-08T03:20:14.564Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201091276,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>4. Quy m&#244; danh m&#7909;c c&#361;ng r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng</h2><p>C&#249;ng l&#224; b&#7841;c, nh&#432;ng t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#225;c nhau t&#249;y quy m&#244; t&#224;i s&#7843;n.</p><ul><li><p>V&#7899;i danh m&#7909;c nh&#7887;:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;c gi&#250;p ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n th&#7921;c s&#7899;m</p></li><li><p>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#236; t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng nh&#7887;</p></li></ul></li><li><p>V&#7899;i danh m&#7909;c l&#7899;n:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;c ch&#7881; n&#234;n l&#224; ph&#7847;n v&#7879; tinh</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng thay th&#7871; vai tr&#242; c&#7889;t l&#245;i c&#7911;a v&#224;ng hay c&#7893; phi&#7871;u</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>B&#7841;c <strong>kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch h&#7907;p &#273;&#7875; mang to&#224;n b&#7897; tr&#7885;ng tr&#225;ch c&#7911;a danh m&#7909;c</strong>.</p><h2>5. B&#7841;c l&#224; b&#224;i test v&#7873; t&#226;m l&#253; h&#417;n l&#224; ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c</h2><p>B&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n bi&#7871;t h&#7871;t s&#7889; li&#7879;u cung&#8211;c&#7847;u &#273;&#7875; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c.<br>Nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n c&#7847;n bi&#7871;t r&#7845;t r&#245; <strong>b&#7843;n th&#226;n m&#236;nh ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;</strong>.</p><p>Trong nhi&#7873;u giai &#273;o&#7841;n, n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c ngh&#297;a l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>C&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#8220;m&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang sai&#8221;</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7879;c b&#7883; b&#7887; qu&#234;n</p></li><li><p>Gi&#7919; l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n khi kh&#244;ng c&#243; s&#7921; x&#225;c nh&#7853;n b&#234;n ngo&#224;i</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; b&#224;i test v&#7873; t&#237;nh c&#225;ch, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><h2>K&#7871;t</h2><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng d&#224;nh cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i.<br>V&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; ho&#224;n to&#224;n &#7893;n.</p><p>B&#7841;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;:</p><ul><li><p>Hi&#7875;u vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a n&#243;</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n s&#7921; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u</p></li><li><p>V&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#7895; tay ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c</p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c t&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y v&#224; th&#7845;y:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;&#7914;, c&#225;i n&#224;y gi&#7889;ng m&#236;nh&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>Th&#236; b&#7841;c <strong>c&#243; th&#7875;</strong> ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i b&#7841;n.</p><p>C&#242;n n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng,<br>vi&#7879;c kh&#244;ng n&#7855;m gi&#7919; b&#7841;c <strong>c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#250;ng</strong>.</p><p>Trong &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224;<br><em>&#8220;s&#7903; h&#7919;u &#273;&#250;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n&#8221;</em>,<br>m&#224; l&#224; <strong>s&#7903; h&#7919;u t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>READ MORE</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;bba6de09-5ada-4b6b-99fb-3f15b7c91727&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. 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url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2828201,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/193033573?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">When investors talk about portfolio defense, gold usually comes first.<br>A clear role. A familiar narrative. A long history as a store of value.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Silver rarely receives the same treatment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It is volatile, uncomfortable to hold, and slow to respond when crises begin.<br>For these reasons, silver is often dismissed as an unreliable defensive asset.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But that dismissal misses an important point.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Silver deserves consideration precisely because defense today is no longer a simple, single&#8209;risk problem.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Silver is not a trade.<br>It functions better as imperfect insurance for scenarios where multiple assumptions begin to fail at the same time.</p><h2>1. Silver is not about optimizing returns</h2><p>If the main question is:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Will silver outperform equities?&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>The framing is already wrong.</p><p>Silver is not designed to:</p><ul><li><p>Beat stocks over the long run</p></li><li><p>Compound steadily</p></li><li><p>Provide psychological comfort while being held</p></li></ul><p>Silver exists in a portfolio for a different reason:</p><blockquote><p><strong>To respond when other relationships stop behaving as expected.</strong></p></blockquote><p>When silver works, it usually does so:</p><ul><li><p>Late</p></li><li><p>Suddenly</p></li><li><p>And without warning</p></li></ul><p>Which explains why most investors abandon it before it becomes relevant.</p><h2>2. What silver actually insures against</h2><p>Silver does not hedge a single risk cleanly, the way gold does.</p><p>Instead, it offers conditional protection across a messy intersection of risks:</p><ul><li><p>Monetary instability</p></li><li><p>Real&#8209;rate suppression</p></li><li><p>Supply&#8209;chain fragility</p></li><li><p>Energy&#8209;transition constraints</p></li><li><p>Declining trust in purely financial assets</p></li></ul><p>This overlap is precisely why silver feels ambiguous.<br>It does not respond neatly to one variable.</p><p>Silver matters when several systems strain simultaneously - not when a single alarm goes off.</p><h2>3. Discomfort is part of the design</h2><p>Silver is psychologically expensive to hold.</p><ul><li><p>It often falls when protection is expected</p></li><li><p>It lags gold in early stages of crisis</p></li><li><p>It tends to move only after patience is exhausted</p></li></ul><p>This discomfort is not accidental.</p><p>From a portfolio perspective, it acts as a filter: only investors willing to tolerate ambiguity hold silver through full cycles.</p><p>Assets that feel good to own rarely matter when protection becomes necessary.</p><p>Silver&#8217;s volatility limits crowding - and that is part of its defensive value.</p><h2>4. Portfolio size changes silver&#8217;s role</h2><p>Silver behaves differently depending on where an investor stands financially.</p><p>In smaller portfolios:</p><ul><li><p>Silver provides access to real assets without large capital requirements</p></li><li><p>Optionality appears earlier than with gold</p></li><li><p>Volatility is manageable because position sizes are limited</p></li></ul><p>In larger portfolios:</p><ul><li><p>Silver functions as a satellite allocation</p></li><li><p>It complements gold, rather than replacing it</p></li><li><p>Discipline matters more than conviction</p></li></ul><p>Silver rewards allocation thinking.<br>It punishes emotional sizing.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;7d18946c-098b-4435-91cf-fa784128b3a9&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Why gold rises when the world becomes uncertain&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Works in Crisis: A Macro Explanation of Flight-to-Safety&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-22T08:19:24.843Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yR9j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae338574-65f1-4e9f-878d-7bc42eebff4b_600x416.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-works-in-crisis-a-macro&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:191739176,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>5. Why silver should not be all&#8209;in &#8212; or absent</h2><p>Silver works best when:</p><ul><li><p>Expectations are modest</p></li><li><p>Position sizes are controlled</p></li><li><p>Time horizons are long</p></li></ul><p>It fails when:</p><ul><li><p>It becomes a thesis rather than a role</p></li><li><p>It is treated as a macro prediction</p></li><li><p>Drawdowns trigger behavioral mistakes</p></li></ul><p>Well&#8209;used silver reduces portfolio fragility.<br>Poorly used silver becomes its own source of stress.</p><h2>6. Gold is protection. Silver is optionality.</h2><p>A useful distinction:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Gold</strong> protects purchasing power.</p></li><li><p><strong>Silver</strong> protects against narrative failure.</p></li></ul><p>Gold responds to monetary breakdown.<br>Silver responds when monetary stress intersects with industrial and structural fragility.</p><p>These risks are related &#8212; but not identical.</p><p>A portfolio prepared for complexity needs to acknowledge both.</p><h2>7. Closing thoughts</h2><p>In a world where defense is no longer linear, holding a single &#8220;safe&#8221; asset is often insufficient.</p><p>Gold remains foundational.<br>But today&#8217;s risks are layered and interconnected:</p><ul><li><p>Supply systems</p></li><li><p>Energy systems</p></li><li><p>Industrial assumptions</p></li><li><p>And confidence itself</p></li></ul><p>Silver reflects that complexity.</p><p>It is not smooth.<br>It is not reassuring.<br>It rarely feels correct in real time.</p><p>But portfolio defense is not about comfort.<br>It is about survivability when outcomes become difficult to model.</p><p>Silver is not certainty.<br>It is exposure to uncertainty &#8212; by design.</p><p>And when defense is no longer simple,<br>imperfection itself can become protection.</p><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2ce5b1c0-9e2c-48ec-8d79-ba61eb39c9db&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;49c30523-5363-4be2-8884-ca60d78cf750&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>B&#7841;c v&#224; t&#432; duy danh m&#7909;c: Khi ph&#242;ng th&#7911; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n</strong></h1><p style="text-align: justify;">Khi nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911; danh m&#7909;c &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;, ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ngh&#297; ngay &#273;&#7871;n v&#224;ng.<br>M&#7897;t vai tr&#242; r&#245; r&#224;ng. M&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n quen thu&#7897;c. M&#7897;t l&#7883;ch s&#7917; d&#224;i v&#7899;i ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng l&#432;u tr&#7919; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">B&#7841;c hi&#7871;m khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#236;n theo c&#225;ch &#273;&#243;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">B&#7841;c bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh, kh&#243; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; v&#7873; m&#7863;t t&#226;m l&#253;, v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ch&#7853;m khi kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u.<br>V&#236; nh&#7919;ng l&#253; do n&#224;y, b&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; coi l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911; k&#233;m hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Nh&#432;ng c&#225;ch ngh&#297; &#273;&#243; b&#7887; l&#7905; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m quan tr&#7885;ng.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">B&#7841;c &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#226;n nh&#7855;c ch&#237;nh v&#236; ph&#242;ng th&#7911; ng&#224;y nay kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#224;i to&#225;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, m&#7897;t r&#7911;i ro duy nh&#7845;t.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t k&#232;o giao d&#7883;ch.<br>B&#7841;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p h&#417;n khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o cho nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; nhi&#7873;u gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; c&#249;ng l&#250;c.</p><h2>1. B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; t&#7889;i &#432;u l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n</h2><p>N&#7871;u c&#226;u h&#7887;i ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a b&#7841;n l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;B&#7841;c c&#243; v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i h&#417;n c&#7893; phi&#7871;u kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p>Th&#236; ngay t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u, khung t&#432; duy &#273;&#227; sai.</p><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#225;nh b&#7841;i c&#7893; phi&#7871;u trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n</p></li><li><p>T&#237;ch l&#361;y l&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n</p></li><li><p>Mang l&#7841;i c&#7843;m gi&#225;c d&#7877; ch&#7883;u trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#7855;m gi&#7919;</p></li></ul><p>Vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a b&#7841;c trong danh m&#7909;c l&#224;:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng khi c&#225;c m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; quen thu&#7897;c kh&#244;ng c&#242;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh nh&#432; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng.</strong></p></blockquote><p>Khi b&#7841;c th&#7921;c s&#7921; ph&#225;t huy t&#225;c d&#7909;ng, n&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7871;n mu&#7897;n</p></li><li><p>Di&#7877;n ra nhanh</p></li><li><p>V&#224; kh&#244;ng mang l&#7841;i c&#7843;m gi&#225;c tho&#7843;i m&#225;i</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; l&#253; do ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; t&#7915; b&#7887; b&#7841;c ngay tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#243; tr&#7903; n&#234;n c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a.</p><h2>2. B&#7841;c th&#7921;c s&#7921; b&#7843;o hi&#7875;m cho &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;?</h2><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#242;ng v&#7879; m&#7897;t r&#7911;i ro &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;, r&#245; r&#224;ng nh&#432; v&#224;ng.</p><p>Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, b&#7841;c cung c&#7845;p <strong>m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n</strong>, n&#7857;m &#7903; giao &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a nhi&#7873;u r&#7911;i ro ch&#7891;ng ch&#233;o:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7845;t &#7893;n ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</p></li><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t th&#7921;c b&#7883; k&#236;m n&#233;n</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; mong manh c&#7911;a chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n trong chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; suy gi&#7843;m ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh thu&#7847;n t&#250;y</p></li></ul><p>Ch&#237;nh v&#236; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;c ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#249;ng l&#250;c n&#234;n vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a n&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; xem l&#224; m&#417; h&#7891;.</p><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#225;t huy gi&#225; tr&#7883; khi ch&#7881; m&#7897;t r&#7911;i ro xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n.<br>N&#243; tr&#7903; n&#234;n quan tr&#7885;ng khi nhi&#7873;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#249;ng l&#250;c ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c.</p><h2>3. S&#7921; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a thi&#7871;t k&#7871;</h2><p>B&#7841;c r&#7845;t t&#7889;n chi ph&#237; t&#226;m l&#253; &#273;&#7875; n&#7855;m gi&#7919;.</p><ul><li><p>N&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m gi&#225; khi nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; mong &#273;&#7907;i s&#7921; b&#7843;o v&#7879;</p></li><li><p>N&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng k&#233;m h&#417;n v&#224;ng trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng</p></li><li><p>N&#243; hay ch&#7881; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng khi s&#7921; ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n &#273;&#227; g&#7847;n c&#7841;n</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng s&#7921; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ng&#7851;u nhi&#234;n.</p><p>Trong t&#432; duy danh m&#7909;c, n&#243; &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; nh&#432; m&#7897;t b&#7897; l&#7885;c:<br>ch&#7881; nh&#7919;ng nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n s&#7921; m&#417; h&#7891; m&#7899;i gi&#7919; b&#7841;c &#273;&#7911; l&#226;u.</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n mang l&#7841;i c&#7843;m gi&#225;c d&#7877; ch&#7883;u khi n&#7855;m gi&#7919; th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7913;u danh m&#7909;c khi c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.</p><p>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;c gi&#250;p h&#7841;n ch&#7871; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#225;m &#273;&#244;ng v&#224; &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n gi&#225; tr&#7883; ph&#242;ng th&#7911; c&#7911;a n&#243;.</p><h2>4. Quy m&#244; danh m&#7909;c l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a b&#7841;c</h2><p>C&#225;ch b&#7841;c v&#7853;n h&#224;nh ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c nhi&#7873;u v&#224;o v&#7883; th&#7871; t&#224;i ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.</p><p>V&#7899;i danh m&#7909;c nh&#7887;:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;c gi&#250;p ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n t&#224;i s&#7843;n th&#7921;c v&#7899;i s&#7889; v&#7889;n kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n</p></li><li><p>Y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#8220;t&#249;y ch&#7885;n&#8221; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n s&#7899;m h&#417;n so v&#7899;i v&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n v&#236; t&#7927; tr&#7885;ng nh&#7887;</p></li></ul><p>V&#7899;i danh m&#7909;c l&#7899;n:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;c ch&#7881; n&#234;n &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; v&#7879; tinh</p></li><li><p>B&#7893; sung cho v&#224;ng, kh&#244;ng thay th&#7871;</p></li><li><p>K&#7927; lu&#7853;t ph&#226;n b&#7893; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n ni&#7873;m tin c&#225; nh&#226;n</p></li></ul><p>B&#7841;c th&#432;&#7903;ng cho t&#432; duy ph&#226;n b&#7893;.<br>B&#7841;c tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t vi&#7879;c v&#224;o v&#7883; th&#7871; theo c&#7843;m x&#250;c.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ed5e7f0b-0acd-4c06-b7ee-4174306dde3e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When we return from a trip, we usually bring something home with us.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;What I Brought Back from Da Nang Wasn&#8217;t in My Suitcase&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-08T03:20:14.564Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Aihp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F665ca2cc-a2f2-4a5b-b302-ae828e3e3fbe_3024x4032.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/what-i-brought-back-from-da-nang&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:201091276,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>5. V&#236; sao b&#7841;c kh&#244;ng n&#234;n l&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; v&#224; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng n&#234;n b&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng</h2><p>B&#7841;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t khi:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919; &#7903; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p</p></li><li><p>T&#7927; tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7875;m so&#225;t</p></li><li><p>Th&#7901;i gian n&#7855;m gi&#7919; &#273;&#7911; d&#224;i</p></li></ul><p>B&#7841;c th&#7845;t b&#7841;i khi:</p><ul><li><p>Tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t &#8220;lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m l&#7899;n&#8221; thay v&#236; m&#7897;t vai tr&#242; r&#245; r&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>B&#7883; xem nh&#432; m&#7897;t d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n v&#297; m&#244;</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c nh&#7883;p &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh bu&#7897;c nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng c&#7843;m x&#250;c</p></li></ul><p>N&#7871;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#250;ng, b&#7841;c gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7897; mong manh c&#7911;a danh m&#7909;c.<br>N&#7871;u d&#249;ng sai, b&#7841;c t&#7921; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ngu&#7891;n r&#7911;i ro m&#7899;i.</p><h2>6. V&#224;ng l&#224; b&#7843;o v&#7879;. B&#7841;c l&#224; t&#249;y ch&#7885;n.</h2><p>M&#7897;t c&#225;ch ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; s&#7913;c mua.</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;c b&#7843;o v&#7879; tr&#432;&#7899;c s&#7921; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tin t&#432;&#7903;ng.</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879; g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;.<br>B&#7841;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng khi b&#7845;t &#7893;n ti&#7873;n t&#7879; giao thoa v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p v&#224; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c.</p><p>Hai lo&#7841;i r&#7911;i ro n&#224;y c&#243; li&#234;n quan, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng nhau.</p><p>M&#7897;t danh m&#7909;c chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho s&#7921; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p c&#7847;n th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n c&#7843; hai.</p><h2>7. K&#7871;t</h2><p>Trong m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i m&#224; ph&#242;ng th&#7911; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng, ch&#7881; n&#7855;m gi&#7919; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#8220;an to&#224;n&#8221; l&#224; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911;.</p><p>V&#224;ng v&#7851;n l&#224; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng.<br>Nh&#432;ng r&#7911;i ro ng&#224;y nay mang t&#237;nh nhi&#7873;u l&#7899;p:</p><ul><li><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng cung &#7913;ng</p></li><li><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p</p></li><li><p>V&#224; ni&#7873;m tin c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i</p></li></ul><p>B&#7841;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh ch&#237;nh s&#7921; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p &#273;&#243;.</p><p>N&#243; kh&#244;ng m&#432;&#7907;t m&#224;.<br>Kh&#244;ng tr&#7845;n an nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;.<br>V&#224; hi&#7871;m khi cho c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#8220;&#273;&#250;ng&#8221; trong th&#7901;i gian th&#7921;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng ph&#242;ng th&#7911; danh m&#7909;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; mang l&#7841;i s&#7921; tho&#7843;i m&#225;i.<br>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u c&#7911;a n&#243; l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i khi k&#7871;t qu&#7843; tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#243; d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n.</p><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; s&#7921; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n.<br>B&#7841;c l&#224; s&#7921; ti&#7871;p x&#250;c v&#7899;i b&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#8212; c&#243; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch.</p><p>V&#224; khi ph&#242;ng th&#7911; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, ch&#237;nh s&#7921; kh&#244;ng ho&#224;n h&#7843;o c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t d&#7841;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879;.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read More</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;5454e063-7fa7-4480-a098-fdb3bec685f3&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Silver is often described as &#8220;cheaper gold,&#8221;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Who Really Should Own Silver?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-12T01:06:38.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ov-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcd130392-3af2-4daf-85b0-96abf0a44ad8_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/who-really-should-own-silver&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193667801,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:7,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1c70bf9f-4ee2-4c99-9d65-150dfdc20c24&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;For more than a decade, gold has been quietly returning to the center of global finance. But only from 2022 to 2025 has the speed of accumulation by central banks (CBs) reached levels unseen since the 1950s. This is no longer just reserve diversification &#8212; it is a sign that the world is entering a new geopolitical and monetary era.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Central Banks Are Buying Gold: What Does It Really Mean?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-25T08:16:40.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bhl-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd36da9e9-5865-47f8-b8d0-6529534d7028_1467x569.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/central-banks-are-buying-gold-what&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192069242,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Why Silver Matters More Than You Think in the Energy Transition ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Silver and the Energy Transition: A Simple Perspective]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-silver-matters-more-than-you</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-silver-matters-more-than-you</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 05 Apr 2026 01:46:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic" width="800" height="533" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QuA2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F655c433d-f4d1-4283-8611-d2a5fe077c82_800x533.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>When people talk about the energy transition, the narrative is usually very positive.</p><p>More renewable energy.<br>Cheaper solar panels.<br>Smarter electrical systems.</p><p>Everything seems to be moving smoothly.</p><p>But large transitions rarely fail because of technology.<br>They more often struggle with things that receive far less attention.</p><p>One of those things is <strong>materials</strong>.<br>And among them, <strong>silver</strong> stands out.</p><h2>Why silver matters</h2><p>Silver is the best electrical conductor among metals.</p><p>That is why it is used in:</p><ul><li><p>Solar panels</p></li><li><p>Electrical components</p></li><li><p>Power control systems</p></li></ul><p>Silver is not chosen because it is cheap.<br>It is chosen because it works reliably and efficiently.</p><p>In simple terms:</p><blockquote><p>If we want energy systems to perform well, silver is still hard to replace.</p></blockquote><h2>Demand can grow fast. Supply cannot.</h2><p>The push for clean energy is strongly driven by:</p><ul><li><p>Government policies</p></li><li><p>Climate targets</p></li><li><p>Subsidies and regulations</p></li></ul><p>These forces can increase demand very quickly.</p><p>Silver supply does not respond the same way.</p><p>Most silver is produced as a by&#8209;product of mining other metals.<br>It cannot be scaled up easily or on demand.</p><p>This creates a quiet imbalance:</p><ul><li><p>Demand can be accelerated by policy</p></li><li><p>Supply remains limited by physical reality</p></li></ul><p>That imbalance makes the system more fragile than it appears.</p><h2>Efficiency helps &#8212; but only up to a point</h2><p>A common argument is that technology will reduce silver usage.</p><p>That is true to some extent.</p><p>But efficiency improvements usually:</p><ul><li><p>Happen quickly at first</p></li><li><p>Slow down over time</p></li><li><p>Eventually face limits</p></li></ul><p>Reducing silver often comes with trade&#8209;offs:</p><ul><li><p>Lower efficiency</p></li><li><p>Less durability</p></li><li><p>Higher technical risk</p></li></ul><p>At large scale, small compromises add up.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9b246026-f632-4c23-9104-4d0f72f580f9&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;After gold and silver, stocks are usually the next step most people take as they enter the financial world.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks Are Trust in Other People&#8217;s Discipline&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>Finance moves fast. Physical systems do not.</h2><p>Markets are good at pricing ambition and speed.</p><p>Physical systems move differently:</p><ul><li><p>Mining</p></li><li><p>Refining</p></li><li><p>Manufacturing</p></li></ul><p>These processes require time.</p><p>Policies can change quickly.<br>Geology cannot.</p><p>Silver highlights this gap between financial expectations and physical limits.</p><h2>What this means for investors</h2><p>This is not about predicting silver shortages or prices.</p><p>It is about understanding where stress can build inside large systems.</p><p>The energy transition depends on:</p><ul><li><p>Reliable materials</p></li><li><p>Stable supply chains</p></li><li><p>Consistent performance</p></li></ul><p>Silver sits where all three intersect.</p><p>Because of this, silver often feels uncomfortable and unpredictable.<br>But discomfort sometimes points to hidden risks others ignore.</p><h2>Silver is not a &#8220;green trade&#8221;</h2><p>Silver does not behave like a clean&#8209;energy theme.</p><p>It does not follow sentiment smoothly.<br>It does not move in neat narratives.</p><p>Instead, silver tends to:</p><ul><li><p>Stay quiet for long periods</p></li><li><p>Move suddenly</p></li><li><p>Surprise most participants</p></li></ul><p>That behavior frustrates many investors.<br>It also acts as a reminder that systems are not always as smooth as they look.</p><h2>Fragility is usually invisible at first</h2><p>Energy transition plans often assume:</p><ul><li><p>Coordination</p></li><li><p>Stable supply</p></li><li><p>Uninterrupted access to key materials</p></li></ul><p>History suggests these assumptions are fragile.</p><p>Silver does not remove uncertainty.<br>It simply reflects where systems may strain first.</p><h2>Closing thought</h2><p>The energy transition is necessary.<br>But it is also demanding at a physical level.</p><p>Silver reminds us of a simple truth:</p><blockquote><p>Technology can move fast, but materials and reality move slower.</p></blockquote><p>Silver is not a solution.<br>It is a <strong>signal</strong>.</p><p>And in long&#8209;term thinking, signals matter most when everything appears confident and well&#8209;planned.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;167a2ea1-5d15-4c34-9c42-7521dbf32a1b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-12T03:07:00.230Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:197299190,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1>T&#7841;i sao b&#7841;c l&#7841;i quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n b&#7841;n ngh&#297; trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng</h1><p>Khi n&#243;i v&#7873; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u r&#7845;t t&#237;ch c&#7921;c.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#225;i t&#7841;o.<br>Pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i r&#7867;.<br>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;i&#7879;n th&#244;ng minh.</p><p>Nghe c&#243; v&#7867; m&#7885;i th&#7913; &#273;ang ti&#7871;n tri&#7875;n r&#7845;t su&#244;n s&#7867;.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i l&#7899;n th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng v&#7845;p &#7903; c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;, m&#224; &#7903; nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; &#237;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#250; &#253; h&#417;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t trong s&#7889; &#273;&#243; l&#224; v&#7853;t li&#7879;u.<br>B&#7841;c l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh.</p><h2>V&#236; sao b&#7841;c l&#7841;i quan tr&#7885;ng?</h2><p>B&#7841;c l&#224; kim lo&#7841;i d&#7851;n &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t.<br>V&#236; v&#7853;y, n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng trong:</p><ul><li><p>Pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i</p></li><li><p>Linh ki&#7879;n &#273;i&#7879;n</p></li><li><p>Thi&#7871;t b&#7883; &#273;i&#7879;n c&#244;ng su&#7845;t cao</p></li></ul><p>C&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7899;i d&#249;ng b&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; n&#243; r&#7867;, m&#224; v&#236; ch&#432;a c&#243; v&#7853;t li&#7879;u n&#224;o thay th&#7871; t&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#224; v&#7851;n gi&#7919; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t.</p><p>N&#243;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><blockquote><p>Mu&#7889;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh v&#224; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, th&#236; v&#7851;n c&#7847;n b&#7841;c.</p></blockquote><h2>C&#7847;u t&#259;ng nhanh, nh&#432;ng cung kh&#244;ng ch&#7841;y theo k&#7883;p</h2><p>Chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh b&#7903;i:</p><ul><li><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;</p></li><li><p>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u kh&#237; h&#7853;u</p></li><li><p>Tr&#7907; c&#7845;p, quy &#273;&#7883;nh, cam k&#7871;t ESG</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m nhu c&#7847;u t&#259;ng r&#7845;t nhanh.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng cung b&#7841;c th&#236; kh&#225;c.</p><p>Ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n b&#7841;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khai th&#225;c k&#232;m theo c&#225;c kim lo&#7841;i kh&#225;c nh&#432; &#273;&#7891;ng hay k&#7869;m.<br>N&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i mu&#7889;n &#273;&#224;o th&#234;m l&#224; &#273;&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ngay.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y x&#7843;y ra m&#7897;t t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng kh&#225; &#8220;l&#7879;ch pha&#8221;:</p><ul><li><p>C&#7847;u c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng nhanh v&#236; ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch</p></li><li><p>Cung th&#236; b&#7883; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n b&#7903;i th&#7921;c t&#7871; khai th&#225;c</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m mong manh c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng.</p><h2>Hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#243; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng v&#244; h&#7841;n</h2><p>Nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i cho r&#7857;ng:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;Sau n&#224;y c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; t&#7889;t h&#417;n th&#236; d&#249;ng &#237;t b&#7841;c h&#417;n.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>&#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; &#273;&#250;ng - nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t m&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;&#243;.</p><p>C&#7843;i ti&#7871;n k&#7929; thu&#7853;t th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Nhanh l&#250;c &#273;&#7847;u</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7853;m d&#7847;n v&#7873; sau</p></li><li><p>V&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng g&#7863;p gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n</p></li></ul><p>Vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;m l&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i k&#232;m:</p><ul><li><p>Hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t k&#233;m</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7897; b&#7873;n th&#7845;p</p></li><li><p>R&#7911;i ro k&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#259;ng</p></li></ul><p>&#7902; quy m&#244; l&#7899;n, nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#225;nh &#273;&#7893;i nh&#7887; n&#224;y s&#7869; c&#7897;ng d&#7891;n.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;18ef47ef-b99e-45bc-a6c8-233510216d5c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;FED Decides Interest Rates &#8212; Which Is the Price of Money&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;FED Does Not Decide Stock Prices&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-23T02:15:00.387Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Bh_-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58c13001-1636-4a39-9cee-9e37bad80b9c_1508x1128.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/fed-does-not-decide-stock-prices&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:198915652,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>T&#224;i ch&#237;nh th&#237;ch t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897;, v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t th&#236; kh&#244;ng</h2><p>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh th&#237;ch:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7871; ho&#7841;ch nhanh</p></li><li><p>Con s&#7889; &#273;&#7865;p</p></li><li><p>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u r&#245; r&#224;ng</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#225;c th&#7913; v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t nh&#432;:</p><ul><li><p>Khai th&#225;c</p></li><li><p>Tinh luy&#7879;n</p></li><li><p>S&#7843;n xu&#7845;t</p></li></ul><p>Lu&#244;n c&#7847;n th&#7901;i gian.</p><p>B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; ban h&#224;nh ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch r&#7845;t nhanh.<br>Nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; b&#7855;t m&#7887; b&#7841;c xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nhanh h&#417;n.</p><p>B&#7841;c l&#224;m l&#7897; r&#245; m&#226;u thu&#7851;n &#273;&#243;.</p><h2>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a g&#236; cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7847;u t&#432;?</h2><p>C&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7875; d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n gi&#225; b&#7841;c.</p><p>N&#243; gi&#250;p hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng:</p><p>Chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#244;ng ngh&#7879;, m&#224; c&#242;n l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7853;t li&#7879;u v&#224; chu&#7895;i cung &#7913;ng</p><p>B&#7841;c &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho:</p><ul><li><p>Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m ngh&#7869;n v&#7853;t ch&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>Nh&#7919;ng r&#7911;i ro kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m tr&#234;n b&#7843;ng c&#226;n &#273;&#7889;i k&#7871; to&#225;n</p></li><li><p>Nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7887; qua cho &#273;&#7871;n khi c&#243; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;</p></li></ul><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, b&#7841;c <strong>kh&#244;ng &#8220;d&#7877; ch&#7883;u&#8221;</strong> khi n&#7855;m gi&#7919;.<br>Nh&#432;ng ch&#237;nh &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; khi&#7871;n n&#243; &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;.</p><h2>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;k&#232;o xanh&#8221;</h2><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kho&#7843;n &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; theo tr&#224;o l&#432;u &#8220;green&#8221;.<br>N&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;i theo c&#7843;m x&#250;c th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng.<br>N&#243; kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng &#273;&#7873;u hay d&#7877; &#273;o&#225;n.</p><p>N&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Im l&#7863;ng r&#7845;t l&#226;u</p></li><li><p>R&#7891;i bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh</p></li><li><p>V&#224; &#237;t khi b&#225;o tr&#432;&#7899;c</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch b&#7841;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng ch&#237;nh v&#236; v&#7853;y, b&#7841;c &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; c&#7843;nh b&#225;o khi m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#225; t&#7921; tin.</p><h2>K&#7871;t</h2><p>Chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#224; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.<br>Nh&#432;ng n&#243; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n.</p><p>B&#7841;c nh&#7855;c ch&#250;ng ta r&#7857;ng:</p><blockquote><p>C&#244;ng ngh&#7879; c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#7871;n r&#7845;t nhanh, nh&#432;ng v&#7853;t l&#253; v&#224; &#273;&#7883;a ch&#7845;t th&#236; kh&#244;ng.</p></blockquote><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#7901;i gi&#7843;i.<br>N&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>t&#237;n hi&#7879;u</strong>.</p><p>V&#224; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ai quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n b&#7913;c tranh d&#224;i h&#7841;n, nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u nh&#432; v&#7853;y r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#7875; suy ng&#7851;m.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;6181ba60-e089-4a94-b13a-ebe3656ee3fd&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;On May 22, 2026, Kevin Warsh officially became the new Chair of the Federal Reserve, replacing Jerome Powell at a time when the global financial system is entering an increasingly fragile phase.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A New FED Chair and the Big Question About Interest Rates&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-28T01:40:41.626Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aP2e!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff31dd878-cd41-4028-8219-b4810367a2e7_1920x1280.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/a-new-fed-chair-and-the-big-question&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:199542325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;bad362ac-fb44-479b-85a0-008be1938002&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Gold and Silver: How History Has Shaped Two Different Assets]]></title><description><![CDATA[From monetary roots to modern market behavior]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-and-silver-how-history-has-shaped</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/gold-and-silver-how-history-has-shaped</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 09:59:52 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2251768,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/192825476?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m37K!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72034016-eda3-43ed-9a04-c1af337fd916_6720x4480.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2>1. When gold and silver were both money</h2><p>Long before:</p><ul><li><p>Central banks,</p></li><li><p>Fiat currencies,</p></li><li><p>Or even paper money existed,</p></li></ul><p>Gold and silver functioned as money.</p><p>From:</p><ul><li><p>Ancient Rome,</p></li><li><p>Imperial China,</p></li><li><p>The Islamic Caliphates,</p></li><li><p>To medieval Europe,</p></li></ul><p>Both metals circulated as monetary instruments.</p><p>Yet even in these early systems, their roles were never identical:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Gold</strong></p><ul><li><p>High value density</p></li><li><p>Difficult to mine</p></li><li><p>Ideal for storing wealth and settling large transactions</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Silver</strong></p><ul><li><p>Lower unit value</p></li><li><p>Easier to circulate</p></li><li><p>Used for everyday commerce</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>In simple terms:</p><ul><li><p>Gold was the money of power and sovereignty</p></li><li><p>Silver was the money of trade and daily life</p></li></ul><p>This early separation planted the seeds for their very different behaviors today.</p><h2>2. The great break: from metal money to fiat money</h2><p>During the 19th century, much of the world operated under:</p><ul><li><p>The gold standard</p></li><li><p>Or a bimetallic gold&#8211;silver standard</p></li></ul><p>That system collapsed progressively through:</p><ul><li><p>World War I</p></li><li><p>The Great Depression</p></li><li><p>And finally the end of Bretton Woods in 1971</p></li></ul><p>With that, money detached completely from precious metals.</p><p>And this is where gold and silver began to diverge dramatically.</p><h2>3. Gold survived as a monetary metal</h2><p>After 1971:</p><ul><li><p>Currencies were no longer backed by gold</p></li><li><p>Yet gold did not disappear</p></li></ul><p>Instead, it evolved.</p><p>Central banks kept holding it.<br>Investors continued to trust it.</p><p>Gold became:</p><ul><li><p>A measure of confidence in fiat currencies</p></li><li><p>A hedge against inflation and excessive debt</p></li><li><p>A safe haven during systemic stress</p></li></ul><p>Gold transformed into:</p><blockquote><p><strong>A monetary metal without being money</strong></p></blockquote><p>It no longer buys goods&#8212;but it <strong>measures the credibility of the monetary system</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;22205663-b9b7-4e1e-825c-5564301a5052&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-29T01:53:21.741Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192072068,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>4. Silver took a different path: industrialization</h2><p>Silver was less fortunate.</p><p>Once detached from money:</p><ul><li><p>Central banks stopped accumulating it</p></li><li><p>Its official monetary role faded</p></li></ul><p>At the same time, industrialization accelerated:</p><ul><li><p>Electricity</p></li><li><p>Electronics</p></li><li><p>Medicine</p></li><li><p>Energy systems</p></li></ul><p>Silver&#8217;s unique physical properties&#8212;especially electrical conductivity&#8212;made it indispensable.</p><p>Silver gradually became:</p><blockquote><p><strong>An industrial metal with residual monetary DNA</strong></p></blockquote><p>This hybrid nature defines its behavior to this day.</p><h2>5. Gold today: a pure monetary metal</h2><p>In the modern system:</p><ul><li><p>Gold is <strong>not dependent on economic growth</strong></p></li><li><p>Its price reflects:</p><ul><li><p>Real interest rates</p></li><li><p>Monetary expansion</p></li><li><p>Debt sustainability</p></li><li><p>Trust in institutions</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>As a result, gold:</p><ul><li><p>Moves slowly</p></li><li><p>Is relatively stable</p></li><li><p>Holds up during recessions and crises</p></li></ul><p>Gold performs best in <strong>risk-off</strong>, fear-driven environments.</p><h2>6. Silver today: an industrial&#8211;monetary hybrid</h2><p>Silver lives between two forces.</p><p>Roughly <strong>50&#8211;60% of demand comes from industry</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Solar panels</p></li><li><p>EVs</p></li><li><p>Electronics</p></li><li><p>Medical usage</p></li></ul><p>The rest comes from:</p><ul><li><p>Investment</p></li><li><p>Jewelry</p></li><li><p>Bars and coins</p></li></ul><p>Silver therefore reacts to:</p><ul><li><p>Monetary conditions <strong>and</strong></p></li><li><p>The business cycle</p></li></ul><p>When those two forces align, silver thrives.<br>When they conflict, silver becomes violent.</p><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;832477a2-7e2d-4e1e-81b8-f6f32e3d170a&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Gold and stocks are both assets.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Stocks vs Gold: One Depends on Trust, the Other Does Not&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:476241782,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Observing markets. Thinking about money. Quan s&#225;t th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-05-12T03:07:00.230Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4o8W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcd16500-ff7e-4073-b8bd-89c71ada596a_5645x3696.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-vs-gold-one-depends-on-trust&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:197299190,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><h2>7. Why silver is far more volatile than gold</h2><p>History explains silver&#8217;s volatility very clearly:</p><h3>A smaller market</h3><p>Silver&#8217;s market is much smaller than gold&#8217;s.<br>The same capital flow creates much larger price moves.</p><h3>Cyclical demand</h3><p>Economic slowdowns hurt industrial demand.<br>Recoveries revive it quickly.</p><h3>Speculative positioning</h3><p>Silver markets attract higher leverage and retail speculation, amplifying moves.</p><h3>Psychological framing</h3><p>Silver is often viewed as <em>&#8220;poor man&#8217;s gold&#8221;</em>.<br>When gold becomes expensive, money rotates into silver&#8212;fast and aggressively.</p><p>Silver consistently <strong>overreacts</strong>, in both directions.</p><h2>8. When does silver outperform gold?</h2><p>Silver does not outperform gold consistently.<br>It only does so under specific macro conditions.</p><p>Historically, silver outperforms when:</p><ul><li><p>Gold has already confirmed an uptrend</p></li><li><p>Monetary policy is easing</p></li><li><p>Growth expectations are recovering</p></li></ul><p>Classic examples:</p><ul><li><p>Late 1970s</p></li><li><p>2009&#8211;2011</p></li><li><p>2020&#8211;2021</p></li></ul><p>In contrast, during:</p><ul><li><p>Liquidity crises</p></li><li><p>Deflation scares</p></li><li><p>Sharp recessions</p></li></ul><p><strong>Gold outperforms silver</strong>.</p><h2>9. The Gold/Silver ratio: a bimetallic relic that still matters</h2><p>The <strong>Gold/Silver ratio</strong> dates back to the bimetallic era.</p><ul><li><p>Long-term average: ~60</p></li><li><p>Crisis extremes: 90&#8211;100+</p></li><li><p>Reflationary cycles: &lt;50</p></li></ul><p>Interpretation:</p><ul><li><p>High ratio &#8594; fear, monetary stress, weak growth expectations</p></li><li><p>Falling ratio &#8594; reflation, cyclical optimism, silver momentum</p></li></ul><p>This ratio is not a short-term trading tool.<br>It is a macro regime indicator.</p><h2>10. History never left the room</h2><p>Gold and silver behave differently today because they have always served different purposes.</p><p>That divergence was shaped by:</p><ul><li><p>Thousands of years of monetary history</p></li><li><p>And a decisive break during the fiat transition</p></li></ul><p><strong>Gold</strong></p><ul><li><p>Monetary anchor</p></li><li><p>Defensive asset</p></li></ul><p><strong>Silver</strong></p><ul><li><p>Cyclical amplifier</p></li><li><p>High-risk, high-reward metal</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>History doesn&#8217;t just explain how gold and silver move &#8212; it reveals <em>when</em> each one matters most.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;43bbfd13-ca4b-4e9b-9ecd-f1609b020973&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;When investors talk about portfolio defense, gold usually comes first.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Silver and Portfolio Thinking: When Defense Is No Longer Simple&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-08T02:55:33.291Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fK1R!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa82151ce-774e-453c-ac16-15d84f4952fc_5760x3840.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/silver-and-portfolio-thinking-when&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:193033573,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1>V&#224;ng v&#224; B&#7841;c: L&#7883;ch s&#7917; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh hai lo&#7841;i t&#224;i s&#7843;n kh&#225;c nhau nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o</h1><p><em>(G&#243;c nh&#236;n l&#7883;ch s&#7917;)</em></p><h2>1. Khi v&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; ti&#7873;n</h2><p>R&#7845;t l&#226;u tr&#432;&#7899;c khi th&#7871; gi&#7899;i c&#243;:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng,</p></li><li><p>Ti&#7873;n ph&#225;p &#273;&#7883;nh,</p></li><li><p>Hay th&#7853;m ch&#237; ti&#7873;n gi&#7845;y,</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#249;ng l&#224;m ti&#7873;n.</p><p>T&#7915;:</p><ul><li><p>La M&#227; c&#7893; &#273;&#7841;i,</p></li><li><p>Trung Hoa,</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c v&#432;&#417;ng tri&#7873;u H&#7891;i gi&#225;o,</p></li><li><p>Cho t&#7899;i ch&#226;u &#194;u trung c&#7893;,</p></li></ul><p>C&#7843; hai &#273;&#7873;u l&#432;u h&#224;nh nh&#432; c&#244;ng c&#7909; ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, ngay t&#7915; th&#7901;i k&#7923; s&#417; khai &#273;&#243;, vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; gi&#7889;ng nhau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>V&#224;ng</strong></p><ul><li><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; l&#7899;n tr&#234;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; nh&#7887;</p></li><li><p>Kh&#243; khai th&#225;c</p></li><li><p>Ph&#249; h&#7907;p &#273;&#7875; t&#237;ch tr&#7919; c&#7911;a c&#7843;i v&#224; thanh to&#225;n c&#225;c giao d&#7883;ch l&#7899;n</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>B&#7841;c</strong></p><ul><li><p>Gi&#225; tr&#7883; &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; th&#7845;p h&#417;n</p></li><li><p>D&#7877; l&#432;u th&#244;ng</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng trong giao d&#7883;ch h&#7857;ng ng&#224;y</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>N&#243;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng l&#224; ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c v&#224; ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;c l&#224; ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i v&#224; &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;t</p></li></ul><p>S&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t n&#224;y &#273;&#227; gieo h&#7841;t gi&#7889;ng cho nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh vi r&#7845;t kh&#225;c nhau c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng cho &#273;&#7871;n ng&#224;y nay.</p><h2>2. Cu&#7897;c chia tay l&#7899;n: t&#7915; ti&#7873;n kim lo&#7841;i sang ti&#7873;n ph&#225;p &#273;&#7883;nh</h2><p>Trong th&#7871; k&#7927; 19, ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#7853;n h&#224;nh d&#432;&#7899;i:</p><ul><li><p>Gold standard</p></li><li><p>Ho&#7863;c bimetallic standard (v&#224;ng &#8211; b&#7841;c)</p></li></ul><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#243; d&#7847;n s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; qua:</p><ul><li><p>Chi&#7871;n tranh Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i th&#7913; nh&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7841;i suy tho&#225;i</p></li><li><p>V&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng l&#224; s&#7921; k&#7871;t th&#250;c c&#7911;a Bretton Woods n&#259;m <strong>1971</strong></p></li></ul><p>T&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243;, ti&#7873;n t&#7879; to&#224;n c&#7847;u t&#225;ch ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#7887;i kim lo&#7841;i qu&#253;.</p><p>V&#224; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; l&#250;c con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a v&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c ph&#226;n k&#7923; r&#245; r&#7879;t.</p><h2>3. V&#224;ng s&#7889;ng s&#243;t v&#7899;i t&#432; c&#225;ch kim lo&#7841;i ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</h2><p>Sau n&#259;m 1971:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n n&#224;o c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7843;o ch&#7913;ng b&#7903;i v&#224;ng</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng v&#224;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t</p></li></ul><p>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, v&#224;ng ti&#7871;n h&#243;a.</p><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c n&#7855;m gi&#7919;.<br>Nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; v&#7851;n tin t&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>V&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh:</p><ul><li><p>Th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o ti&#7873;n ph&#225;p &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li><li><p>H&#224;ng r&#224;o ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;m ph&#225;t v&#224; n&#7907; c&#244;ng</p></li><li><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n tr&#250; &#7849;n trong c&#225;c c&#250; s&#7889;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7893;i th&#224;nh:</p><blockquote><p><strong>M&#7897;t kim lo&#7841;i ti&#7873;n t&#7879; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ti&#7873;n</strong></p></blockquote><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng c&#242;n d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; mua h&#224;ng h&#243;a, nh&#432;ng n&#243; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;.</p><h2>4. B&#7841;c r&#7869; sang h&#432;&#7899;ng kh&#225;c: c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p h&#243;a</h2><p>B&#7841;c th&#236; k&#233;m may m&#7855;n h&#417;n.</p><p>Khi r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng ng&#7915;ng t&#237;ch tr&#7919; b&#7841;c</p></li><li><p>Vai tr&#242; ti&#7873;n t&#7879; ch&#237;nh th&#7913;c d&#7847;n bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t</p></li></ul><p>Song song &#273;&#243; l&#224; l&#224;n s&#243;ng c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p h&#243;a:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;i&#7879;n</p></li><li><p>&#272;i&#7879;n t&#7917;</p></li><li><p>Y t&#7871;</p></li><li><p>N&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#7901; &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh v&#7853;t l&#253; v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i &#8212; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng d&#7851;n &#273;i&#7879;n &#8212; b&#7841;c tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; thi&#7871;u.</p><p>D&#7847;n d&#7847;n, b&#7841;c tr&#7903; th&#224;nh:</p><blockquote><p><strong>Kim lo&#7841;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p mang ADN ti&#7873;n t&#7879; c&#242;n s&#243;t l&#7841;i</strong></p></blockquote><p>B&#7843;n ch&#7845;t &#8220;lai&#8221; n&#224;y &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a b&#7841;c ng&#224;y nay.</p><h2>5. V&#224;ng ng&#224;y nay: kim lo&#7841;i ti&#7873;n t&#7879; thu&#7847;n t&#250;y</h2><p>Trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng kinh t&#7871;</p></li><li><p>Gi&#225; v&#224;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh:</p><ul><li><p>L&#227;i su&#7845;t th&#7921;c</p></li><li><p>M&#7903; r&#7897;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng c&#7911;a n&#7907;</p></li><li><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y v&#224;o th&#7875; ch&#7871;</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, v&#224;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Di chuy&#7875;n ch&#7853;m</p></li><li><p>T&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li><li><p>Gi&#7919; gi&#225; t&#7889;t trong suy tho&#225;i v&#224; kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng risk-off, n&#417;i n&#7895;i s&#7907; chi ph&#7889;i.</p><h2>6. B&#7841;c ng&#224;y nay: lai gi&#7919;a c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p v&#224; ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</h2><p>B&#7841;c t&#7891;n t&#7841;i gi&#7919;a hai l&#7921;c k&#233;o.</p><p>Kho&#7843;ng 50&#8211;60% nhu c&#7847;u b&#7841;c &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p:</p><ul><li><p>Pin m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i</p></li><li><p>Xe &#273;i&#7879;n</p></li><li><p>Thi&#7871;t b&#7883; &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917;</p></li><li><p>&#7912;ng d&#7909;ng y t&#7871;</p></li></ul><p>Ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7847;u t&#432;</p></li><li><p>Trang s&#7913;c</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;c th&#7887;i, b&#7841;c xu</p></li></ul><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, b&#7841;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i:</p><ul><li><p>Chu k&#7923; ti&#7873;n t&#7879; <strong>v&#224;</strong></p></li><li><p>Chu k&#7923; kinh doanh</p></li></ul><p>Khi hai chu k&#7923; n&#224;y &#273;&#7891;ng pha th&#236; b&#7841;c t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh.<br>Khi ch&#250;ng l&#7879;ch pha th&#236; b&#7841;c bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng d&#7919; d&#7897;i.</p><h2>7. V&#236; sao b&#7841;c bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7841;nh h&#417;n v&#224;ng?</h2><p>L&#7883;ch s&#7917; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y r&#7845;t r&#245; r&#224;ng:</p><h3>Th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7887; h&#417;n</h3><p>Quy m&#244; th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7841;c nh&#7887; h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i v&#224;ng.<br>C&#249;ng m&#7897;t d&#242;ng v&#7889;n khi&#7871;n bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#225; l&#7899;n h&#417;n.</p><h3>Nhu c&#7847;u mang t&#237;nh chu k&#7923;</h3><p>Suy tho&#225;i l&#224;m c&#7847;u c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p gi&#7843;m.<br>Ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i kinh t&#7871; khi&#7871;n c&#7847;u b&#7853;t l&#7841;i nhanh.</p><h3>&#272;&#7847;u c&#417; cao</h3><p>B&#7841;c thu h&#250;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y v&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u c&#417; nh&#7887; l&#7867; h&#417;n, khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; dao &#273;&#7897;ng.</p><h3>Y&#7871;u t&#7889; t&#226;m l&#253;</h3><p>B&#7841;c th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; <em>&#8220;v&#224;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i thu nh&#7853;p th&#7845;p&#8221;</em>.</p><p>Khi v&#224;ng qu&#225; &#273;&#7855;t, d&#242;ng ti&#7873;n xoay sang b&#7841;c r&#7845;t nhanh v&#224; m&#7841;nh.</p><p>B&#7841;c lu&#244;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng th&#225;i qu&#225;, theo c&#7843; hai chi&#7873;u.</p><h2>8. Khi n&#224;o b&#7841;c v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i v&#224;ng?</h2><p>B&#7841;c kh&#244;ng v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i v&#224;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh.<br>N&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; trong nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n v&#297; m&#244; nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><p>L&#7883;ch s&#7917; cho th&#7845;y b&#7841;c v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i khi:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng &#273;&#227; x&#225;c nh&#7853;n xu h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#259;ng</p></li><li><p>Ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch ti&#7873;n t&#7879; n&#7899;i l&#7887;ng</p></li><li><p>K&#7923; v&#7885;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i</p></li></ul><p>V&#237; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh:</p><ul><li><p>Cu&#7889;i th&#7853;p ni&#234;n 1970</p></li><li><p>2009&#8211;2011</p></li><li><p>2020&#8211;2021</p></li></ul><p>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, trong:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng thanh kho&#7843;n</p></li><li><p>N&#7895;i lo gi&#7843;m ph&#225;t</p></li><li><p>Suy tho&#225;i m&#7841;nh</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng lu&#244;n v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i h&#417;n b&#7841;c.</p><h2>9. T&#7927; l&#7879; V&#224;ng/B&#7841;c - di s&#7843;n c&#7911;a th&#7901;i song kim lo&#7841;i</h2><p>T&#7927; l&#7879; V&#224;ng/B&#7841;c c&#243; t&#7915; th&#7901;i l&#432;&#7905;ng kim.</p><ul><li><p>Trung b&#236;nh d&#224;i h&#7841;n: ~60</p></li><li><p>Giai &#273;o&#7841;n kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng: 90&#8211;100+</p></li><li><p>Chu k&#7923; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t: d&#432;&#7899;i 50</p></li></ul><p>C&#225;ch di&#7877;n gi&#7843;i:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7927; l&#7879; cao &#8594; s&#7907; h&#227;i, c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879;, k&#7923; v&#7885;ng t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng y&#7871;u</p></li><li><p>T&#7927; l&#7879; gi&#7843;m &#8594; l&#7841;m ph&#225;t, t&#226;m l&#253; chu k&#7923;, b&#7841;c d&#7851;n d&#7855;t</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#226;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#244;ng c&#7909; trading ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n.<br>N&#243; l&#224; ch&#7881; b&#225;o ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; v&#297; m&#244;.</p><h2>10. L&#7883;ch s&#7917; ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i c&#259;n ph&#242;ng</h2><p>V&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c h&#224;nh x&#7917; kh&#225;c nhau ng&#224;y nay v&#236; ch&#250;ng lu&#244;n ph&#7909;c v&#7909; nh&#7919;ng m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch kh&#225;c nhau trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917;.</p><p>S&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#236;nh th&#224;nh b&#7903;i:</p><ul><li><p>H&#224;ng ng&#224;n n&#259;m ti&#7871;n h&#243;a ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</p></li><li><p>V&#224; c&#250; chia tay quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh khi th&#7871; gi&#7899;i chuy&#7875;n sang ti&#7873;n ph&#225;p &#273;&#7883;nh</p></li></ul><p><strong>V&#224;ng</strong></p><ul><li><p>M&#7887; neo ti&#7873;n t&#7879;</p></li><li><p>T&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911;</p></li></ul><p><strong>B&#7841;c</strong></p><ul><li><p>B&#7897; khu&#7871;ch &#273;&#7841;i theo chu k&#7923;</p></li><li><p>L&#7907;i nhu&#7853;n l&#7899;n nh&#432;ng r&#7911;i ro l&#7899;n</p></li></ul><blockquote><p>L&#7883;ch s&#7917; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch v&#224;ng v&#224; b&#7841;c di chuy&#7875;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o &#8212; m&#224; c&#242;n cho bi&#7871;t <em>khi n&#224;o</em> m&#7895;i kim lo&#7841;i tr&#7903; n&#234;n quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t.</p></blockquote><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Read more</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;943bb66d-e82d-4a07-811c-0473bb6ccad1&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;1. 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Suy ng&#7851;m v&#7873; ti&#7873;n b&#7841;c.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e3020c44-3d18-477f-a67a-4321d25333a7_730x730.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-04-15T09:37:45.018Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QJ1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc85c7477-e1d5-467e-8f4c-9ac8fd3ca86e_5184x3456.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/stocks-are-trust-in-other-peoples&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:194165371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:8261824,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;Macro View Journal&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NvF5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F52b1f70a-ef47-4014-a9fa-ec18066dca52_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Why Gold Performs Well When Trust Fails]]></title><description><![CDATA[Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset]]></description><link>https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/p/why-gold-performs-well-when-trust</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Macro View Journal]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 29 Mar 2026 01:53:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/af8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1352034,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/i/192072068?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mOft!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faf8865be-e80c-4cc7-b1ed-99f9502f8bcf_5760x3840.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h2><strong>1. Gold as the Ultimate Trust Asset</strong></h2><p>Throughout human history, gold has served as more than a commodity &#8212; it has been the purest distillation of <em>trust</em>. Unlike assets that rely on political systems, contractual obligations, or institutional credibility, gold&#8217;s value does not require negotiation.</p><p>Gold does not depend on:</p><ul><li><p>A government&#8217;s fiscal discipline,</p></li><li><p>A central bank&#8217;s policy credibility,</p></li><li><p>A corporation&#8217;s solvency,</p></li><li><p>Or the stability of legal institutions.</p></li></ul><p>Its legitimacy comes from scarcity, durability, and 5,000 years of collective recognition.</p><p>This makes gold fundamentally different from all modern financial assets: its value is not a promise &#8212; it is a presence.</p><p>In times of institutional strength, this distinction feels abstract.<br>But in times of instability, that difference becomes everything.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>2. Fiat Currency as a Credit Asset &#8212; Value Backed by Promises</strong></h2><p>Modern fiat currencies are the opposite of gold. They are <strong>credit instruments</strong>, whose worth depends entirely on trust in:</p><ul><li><p>Government solvency,</p></li><li><p>Monetary discipline,</p></li><li><p>Geopolitical stability,</p></li><li><p>And social cohesion.</p></li></ul><p>A dollar is not &#8220;value&#8221; &#8212; it is a claim on value.<br>A promise that the system will recognize it tomorrow.</p><p>Fiat works beautifully <strong>when trust is high</strong>.<br>But because its foundation is psychological and institutional, it becomes fragile <strong>when trust erodes</strong>.</p><p>Every financial crisis is, at its core, a crisis of confidence.<br>And every inflationary episode is a silent renegotiation of that confidence.</p><p>This is why gold behaves inversely to trust:<br><strong>When trust expands, gold dozes.<br>When trust collapses, gold awakens.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>3. A World Short on Trust: Why Gold Thrives Today</strong></h2><p>Gold performs best not in prosperity, but in <em>doubt</em>.<br>It rises whenever the world begins to question:</p><ul><li><p>The durability of institutions,</p></li><li><p>The honesty of governments,</p></li><li><p>The independence of central banks,</p></li><li><p>The sustainability of debts,</p></li><li><p>The stability of alliances,</p></li><li><p>The fairness of systems,</p></li><li><p>And the reliability of promises.</p></li></ul><p>We live in an era marked by:</p><ul><li><p>Geopolitical fragmentation,</p></li><li><p>Populism,</p></li><li><p>Weaponized finance,</p></li><li><p>Fiscal exhaustion,</p></li><li><p>Monetary experimentation,</p></li><li><p>Sanctions,</p></li><li><p>Distrust in global institutions.</p></li></ul><p>In such a world, gold functions as the asset of last resort &#8212; not because it changes, but because everything else becomes uncertain.</p><p>Gold shines not when the world is confident, but when the world is unsure <em>whom</em> to trust.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. Understanding the &#8220;Sovereign Risk Premium&#8221;</strong></h2><p>This concept is essential for explaining gold&#8217;s behavior in modern macroeconomics.</p><p>A <strong>sovereign risk premium</strong> is the additional compensation investors demand to hold assets tied to a government &#8212; because governments may:</p><ul><li><p>Overspend,</p></li><li><p>Debase the currency,</p></li><li><p>Change laws retroactively,</p></li><li><p>Impose capital controls,</p></li><li><p>Or suffer political instability.</p></li></ul><p>Fiat is a claim on the state.<br>When confidence in the state declines, the claim becomes less valuable.</p><p>Gold, in contrast, has <strong>no sovereign risk</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>No government can dilute it.</p></li><li><p>No central bank can print more of it.</p></li><li><p>No political crisis can invalidate it.</p></li><li><p>No default can erase it.</p></li></ul><p>Thus, when sovereign risk premiums rise globally &#8212; and they <em>are</em> rising &#8212; demand for gold increases naturally.</p><p>Gold is the anti-premium asset:<br><strong>the higher the sovereign risk premium, the lower the trust premium in fiat &#8212; and the higher the trust premium in gold.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>5. When Credit Foundations Shake, Gold Speaks the Loudest</strong></h2><p>Modern finance is essentially a <strong>tower of interlinked promises</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Bonds depend on tax revenue,</p></li><li><p>Currencies depend on central bank discipline,</p></li><li><p>Banking systems depend on deposit confidence,</p></li><li><p>Equity markets depend on liquidity,</p></li><li><p>Social stability depends on political legitimacy.</p></li></ul><p>When every layer works, the system is elegant.<br>When cracks appear, trust becomes contagious &#8212; in both directions.</p><p>Consider what happens during crises:</p><ul><li><p>In a banking crisis, people question deposits.</p></li><li><p>In a fiscal crisis, people question government bonds.</p></li><li><p>In a monetary crisis, people question the currency.</p></li><li><p>In a geopolitical crisis, people question the entire global order.</p></li></ul><p>But no crisis can question gold.</p><p>Gold is immune to governance, policy error, and political dysfunction.<br>It is not a claim &#8212; it is <strong>value crystallized</strong>.</p><p>This is why, during periods of uncertainty, gold becomes not just an asset class, but a <strong>psychological anchor</strong>.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>6. Gold: The Asset of Institutional Fragility</strong></h2><p>We have entered what many economists call <em>The Age of Institutional Risk</em>.<br>Characteristics include:</p><ul><li><p>Historically high debt-to-GDP ratios,</p></li><li><p>Eroding trust in monetary authorities,</p></li><li><p>Fracturing geopolitical blocs,</p></li><li><p>Sanctions reshaping global trade,</p></li><li><p>Doubts about long-term USD dominance,</p></li><li><p>Declining social cohesion,</p></li><li><p>And rising regime unpredictability.</p></li></ul><p>In this environment, gold is not merely a hedge &#8212; it is a form of sovereignty.</p><p>A household holding gold buys autonomy.<br>A nation holding gold buys geopolitical optionality.<br>A central bank holding gold buys independence.</p><p>Gold is the asset for a system preparing for discontinuity.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>7. Gold&#8217;s Strength Is a Mirror of Systemic Weakness</strong></h2><p>To summarize:</p><ul><li><p>Gold is a trust asset &#8212; fiat is a credit asset.</p></li><li><p>Gold needs no promises &#8212; fiat is built on promises.</p></li><li><p>When institutional credibility falls, fiat weakens.</p></li><li><p>When sovereign risk rises, gold&#8217;s value is re-rated.</p></li><li><p>When the world doubts the future, gold becomes the fallback for the present.</p></li></ul><p>Gold does not merely track inflation or interest rates.<br>It tracks civilizational confidence.</p><p>Gold&#8217;s performance is not about gold.<br>It is about <em>everything else losing reliability</em>.</p><p>In times of fragile trust, gold becomes more than a metal &#8212;<br>it becomes clarity in a world of uncertainty<strong>.</strong></p><div><hr></div><p>&#8212; Vietnamese &#8212;</p><h1><strong>V&#236; Sao V&#224;ng T&#7887;a S&#225;ng Khi Ni&#7873;m Tin S&#7909;p &#272;&#7893;</strong></h1><div><hr></div><h2><strong>1. V&#224;ng: T&#224;i s&#7843;n ni&#7873;m tin t&#7889;i th&#432;&#7907;ng</strong></h2><p>Trong to&#224;n b&#7897; l&#7883;ch s&#7917; nh&#226;n lo&#7841;i, v&#224;ng ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i h&#224;ng h&#243;a. V&#224;ng l&#224; h&#236;nh th&#225;i tinh khi&#7871;t nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a ni&#7873;m tin. Kh&#225;c v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i s&#7843;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;, h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng ph&#225;p l&#253;, hay uy t&#237;n th&#7875; ch&#7871;, gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a v&#224;ng kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ai b&#7843;o ch&#7913;ng.</p><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7927; lu&#7853;t t&#224;i kh&#243;a c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh c&#7911;a ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng,</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a doanh nghi&#7879;p,</p></li><li><p>Hay &#273;&#7897; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#225;p lu&#7853;t.</p></li></ul><p>T&#237;nh ch&#237;nh danh c&#7911;a v&#224;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; &#273;&#7897; khan hi&#7871;m, t&#237;nh b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng v&#224; 5.000 n&#259;m l&#7883;ch s&#7917; con ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7885;n n&#243; l&#224;m &#8220;ti&#7873;n th&#7853;t&#8221;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n v&#224;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t ho&#224;n to&#224;n so v&#7899;i c&#225;c t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#224;i ch&#237;nh hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i:<br><strong>v&#224;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho l&#7901;i h&#7913;a &#8211; v&#224;ng l&#224; hi&#7879;n th&#226;n c&#7911;a gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</strong></p><p>Khi c&#225;c th&#7875; ch&#7871; m&#7841;nh, &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t n&#224;y c&#243; v&#7867; tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng.<br>Nh&#432;ng khi c&#225;c n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng lung lay, s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t &#7845;y tr&#7903; th&#224;nh y&#7871;u t&#7889; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>2. Fiat: T&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#237;n d&#7909;ng &#8211; gi&#225; tr&#7883; d&#7921;a tr&#234;n l&#7901;i h&#7913;a</strong></h2><p>Ti&#7873;n ph&#225;p &#273;&#7883;nh (fiat) t&#7891;n t&#7841;i nh&#7901; m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i d&#224;i ni&#7873;m tin:</p><ul><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o kh&#7843; n&#259;ng tr&#7843; n&#7907; c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;,</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o s&#7921; k&#7927; lu&#7853;t c&#7911;a ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng,</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;,</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o li&#234;n k&#7871;t x&#227; h&#7897;i.</p></li></ul><p>M&#7897;t &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8220;gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; &#8211; n&#243; l&#224; l&#7901;i cam k&#7871;t v&#7873; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>Fiat ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i khi ni&#7873;m tin m&#7841;nh.<br>Nh&#432;ng v&#236; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng c&#7911;a n&#243; mang t&#237;nh t&#226;m l&#253; v&#224; th&#7875; ch&#7871;, n&#243; tr&#7903; n&#234;n mong manh khi ni&#7873;m tin phai nh&#7841;t.</p><p>M&#7885;i kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ni&#7873;m tin.<br>M&#7885;i l&#7841;m ph&#225;t k&#233;o d&#224;i &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; s&#7921; &#8220;t&#225;i &#273;&#224;m ph&#225;n &#226;m th&#7847;m&#8221; c&#7911;a ni&#7873;m tin.</p><p>V&#224; v&#236; v&#7853;y:</p><p>Khi ni&#7873;m tin gi&#227;n n&#7903; &#8594; v&#224;ng ng&#7911; y&#234;n.<br>Khi ni&#7873;m tin s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; &#8594; v&#224;ng th&#7913;c d&#7853;y<strong>.</strong></p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>3. M&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i thi&#7871;u ni&#7873;m tin: l&#253; do v&#224;ng ph&#225;t s&#225;ng h&#244;m nay</strong></h2><p>V&#224;ng th&#7875; hi&#7879;n s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i trong th&#7883;nh v&#432;&#7907;ng, m&#224; trong nghi ng&#7901;.<br>V&#224;ng t&#259;ng khi th&#7871; gi&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7873;:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7897; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c th&#7875; ch&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh trung th&#7921;c c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;,</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p c&#7911;a ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c qu&#7889;c gia trong vi&#7879;c tr&#7843; n&#7907;,</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a li&#234;n minh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;,</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng,</p></li><li><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7911;a c&#225;c cam k&#7871;t.</p></li></ul><p>Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang s&#7889;ng trong m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i mang &#273;&#7863;c tr&#432;ng b&#7903;i:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#226;n m&#7843;nh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;,</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a d&#226;n t&#250;y,</p></li><li><p>R&#224;i ch&#237;nh b&#7883; &#8220;v&#361; kh&#237; h&#243;a&#8221;,</p></li><li><p>Ki&#7879;t qu&#7879; t&#224;i kh&#243;a,</p></li><li><p>Th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m ti&#7873;n t&#7879;,</p></li><li><p>Tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t kinh t&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>Suy gi&#7843;m ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o c&#225;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c qu&#7889;c t&#7871;.</p></li></ul><p>Trong m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i nh&#432; v&#7853;y, v&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh t&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7911;a m&#7885;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m b&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#8212; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; b&#7843;n th&#226;n n&#243; thay &#273;&#7893;i, m&#224; v&#236; m&#7885;i th&#7913; xung quanh tr&#7903; n&#234;n b&#7845;t &#7893;n.</p><p>V&#224;ng t&#7887;a s&#225;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#236; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#8220;tin v&#224;o v&#224;ng&#8221;, m&#224; v&#236; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n bi&#7871;t tin v&#224;o ai.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>4. &#8220;Sovereign Risk Premium&#8221;: L&#7901;i gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch quan tr&#7885;ng</strong></h2><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m then ch&#7889;t &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u h&#224;nh vi c&#7911;a v&#224;ng.</p><p>Sovereign risk premium l&#224; ph&#7847;n l&#7907;i su&#7845;t b&#7893; sung m&#224; nh&#224; &#273;&#7847;u t&#432; y&#234;u c&#7847;u khi n&#7855;m gi&#7919; t&#224;i s&#7843;n do ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; ph&#225;t h&#224;nh, v&#236; nh&#7919;ng r&#7911;i ro:</p><ul><li><p>Th&#226;m h&#7909;t ng&#226;n s&#225;ch,</p></li><li><p>Ph&#225; gi&#225; ti&#7873;n t&#7879;,</p></li><li><p>V&#7905; n&#7907;,</p></li><li><p>B&#7845;t &#7893;n ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;,</p></li><li><p>Thay &#273;&#7893;i lu&#7853;t ph&#225;p theo h&#432;&#7899;ng b&#7845;t l&#7907;i,</p></li><li><p>Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t v&#7889;n,</p></li><li><p>Qu&#7929; &#273;&#7841;o ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch th&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p></li></ul><p>Fiat l&#224; y&#234;u c&#7847;u &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c.<br>Khi ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7843;m, y&#234;u c&#7847;u &#7845;y m&#7845;t gi&#225;.</p><p>V&#224;ng, tr&#225;i l&#7841;i, kh&#244;ng ch&#7913;a r&#7911;i ro ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; pha lo&#227;ng n&#243;,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; &#8220;in th&#234;m&#8221;,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; n&#224;o c&#243; th&#7875; x&#243;a gi&#225; tr&#7883; c&#7911;a n&#243;,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng v&#7905; n&#7907; n&#224;o khi&#7871;n n&#243; v&#7873; 0.</p></li></ul><p>Do &#273;&#243;, khi sovereign risk t&#259;ng tr&#234;n to&#224;n c&#7847;u &#8211; v&#224; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;y &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra &#8211; v&#224;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225; m&#7841;nh.</p><p>Sovereign risk premium t&#259;ng &#8594; trust premium c&#7911;a v&#224;ng c&#361;ng t&#259;ng.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>5. Khi n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng t&#237;n d&#7909;ng rung chuy&#7875;n, kim lo&#7841;i im l&#7863;ng l&#234;n ti&#7871;ng</strong></h2><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng t&#224;i ch&#237;nh hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i l&#224; <strong>t&#242;a th&#225;p c&#225;c l&#7901;i h&#7913;a</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u d&#7921;a v&#224;o thu&#7871;,</p></li><li><p>Ti&#7873;n t&#7879; d&#7921;a v&#224;o uy t&#237;n ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng,</p></li><li><p>Ng&#226;n h&#224;ng d&#7921;a v&#224;o ni&#7873;m tin c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i g&#7917;i ti&#7873;n,</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7913;ng kho&#225;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o thanh kho&#7843;n,</p></li><li><p>X&#227; h&#7897;i d&#7921;a v&#224;o t&#237;nh ch&#237;nh danh c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p></li></ul><p>Khi m&#7885;i th&#7913; v&#7853;n h&#224;nh tr&#417;n tru, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng th&#7853;t tinh vi.<br>Khi m&#7897;t m&#7855;t x&#237;ch g&#227;y, to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c lung lay.</p><p>Trong kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ng&#226;n h&#224;ng &#8594; nghi ng&#7901; ti&#7873;n g&#7917;i,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng t&#224;i kh&#243;a &#8594; nghi ng&#7901; tr&#225;i phi&#7871;u,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng ti&#7873;n t&#7879; &#8594; nghi ng&#7901; &#273;&#417;n v&#7883; gi&#225; tr&#7883;,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; &#8594; nghi ng&#7901; tr&#7853;t t&#7921; to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; cu&#7897;c kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng n&#224;o nghi ng&#7901; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#224;ng.</p><p>V&#224;ng l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n duy nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7913;ng ngo&#224;i chu&#7895;i ngh&#297;a v&#7909; ch&#7891;ng ch&#233;o &#273;&#243;.<br>N&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i &#8220;quy&#7873;n &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i gi&#225; tr&#7883;&#8221; &#8212; n&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; gi&#225; tr&#7883;.</p><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, trong th&#7901;i k&#7923; h&#7895;n lo&#7841;n, v&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh neo t&#226;m l&#253;, kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; neo t&#224;i ch&#237;nh.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>6. V&#224;ng: T&#224;i s&#7843;n c&#7911;a th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i r&#7911;i ro th&#7875; ch&#7871;</strong></h2><p>Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang s&#7889;ng trong <em>Th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i R&#7911;i ro Th&#7875; ch&#7871;</em>, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#225;nh d&#7845;u b&#7903;i:</p><ul><li><p>N&#7907; c&#244;ng/GDP cao l&#7883;ch s&#7917;,</p></li><li><p>Ni&#7873;m tin v&#224;o ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng gi&#7843;m,</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7889;i li&#234;n minh &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; r&#7841;n n&#7913;t,</p></li><li><p>Tr&#7915;ng ph&#7841;t t&#224;i ch&#237;nh l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i d&#242;ng th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7841;i,</p></li><li><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7873; s&#7921; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng c&#7911;a USD,</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7913;t g&#227;y ni&#7873;m tin x&#227; h&#7897;i,</p></li><li><p>R&#7911;i ro ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng l&#7899;n.</p></li></ul><p>Trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh nh&#432; th&#7871;:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7897;t h&#7897; gia &#273;&#236;nh gi&#7919; v&#224;ng &#8594; t&#259;ng t&#7921; ch&#7911;.</p></li><li><p>M&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia gi&#7919; v&#224;ng &#8594; m&#7903; r&#7897;ng l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7883;a ch&#237;nh tr&#7883;.</p></li><li><p>M&#7897;t ng&#226;n h&#224;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng gi&#7919; v&#224;ng &#8594; gi&#7843;m ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c USD.</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; h&#224;ng r&#224;o ch&#7889;ng r&#7911;i ro.<br>V&#224;ng l&#224; h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>7. S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a v&#224;ng l&#224; t&#7845;m g&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n chi&#7871;u s&#7921; y&#7871;u k&#233;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng</strong></h2><p>T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t:</p><ul><li><p>V&#224;ng l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n ni&#7873;m tin &#8212; fiat l&#224; t&#224;i s&#7843;n t&#237;n d&#7909;ng.</p></li><li><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n l&#7901;i h&#7913;a &#8212; fiat &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y tr&#234;n l&#7901;i h&#7913;a.</p></li><li><p>Khi ni&#7873;m tin th&#7875; ch&#7871; suy y&#7871;u &#8594; fiat m&#7845;t gi&#225;.</p></li><li><p>Khi r&#7911;i ro ch&#7911; quy&#7873;n t&#259;ng &#8594; v&#224;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#225;.</p></li><li><p>Khi th&#7871; gi&#7899;i nghi ng&#7901; t&#432;&#417;ng lai &#8594; v&#224;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p></li></ul><p>V&#224;ng kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh l&#7841;m ph&#225;t hay l&#227;i su&#7845;t.<br>V&#224;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tin t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#224;o n&#7873;n v&#259;n minh.</p><p>S&#7921; t&#259;ng gi&#225; c&#7911;a v&#224;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7853;t s&#7921; n&#243;i v&#7873; v&#224;ng.<br>N&#243; n&#243;i v&#7873; m&#7885;i th&#7913; kh&#225;c &#273;ang k&#233;m tin c&#7853;y h&#417;n.</p><p>Trong th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i ni&#7873;m tin mong manh, v&#224;ng v&#432;&#7907;t kh&#7887;i vai tr&#242; m&#7897;t t&#224;i s&#7843;n &#8212;<br>n&#243; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh s&#7921; r&#245; r&#224;ng trong m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i m&#417; h&#7891;.</p><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Macro View Journal</strong></h2><p>Markets change every day.</p><p>But the principles behind them change much more slowly.</p><p>Understanding those principles is what really matters.</p><div><hr></div><p>If you found this useful, feel free to share or subscribe.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#7845;y b&#224;i vi&#7871;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch, h&#227;y chia s&#7867; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#259;ng k&#253; theo d&#245;i &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n b&#224;i m&#7899;i.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://macroviewjournal.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading! 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